m 

ill' 


il  iii£ 


if 'ill 
m 

w 

i,*    in:  ' 


!;;:.:: 


uiii 


WM.: 


DUKE 

UNIVERSITY 

LIBRARY 


Treasure  l^om 


v* 


1 T  r^ 


BY 


A  SOUTH  CAROLINIAN. 


"RESPIOE    riNEM.' 


.  MOBILE: 
S.    H.    GOETZEL  &  CO, 


186IJ. 


( 


THE   CON FEDERATE. 


No.    1. 

The  wisest,  purest,  and  best  of  all  the  men  this  continent  has 
given  to  the  world,  left  ns,  in  his  farewell  message  of  instruction, 
some  counsels  of  inestimable  value,  which,  if  followed  by  the 
Nation,  would  have  rendered  the  disruption  of  the  old  Union, 
which,  however,  no  one  can  regret  less  than  myself,  unnecessary ; 
and  the  United  States  might  have  moved  on  in  peace  and  pros- 
perity for  ages.  This  separation  would  have  been  unnecessary, 
because  the  causes  which  led  to,  and  justified  it,  would  not  have 
been  allow*ed  to  spring  into  existence,  if  the  maxims  and  admoni- 
tions of  Washington  had  been  lieeded  b}'  the  bigoted  fanatics  of 
the  North.  The  Yankee  race,  true  descendants  of  their  fals^  and 
fanatical  progenitors,  the  bigoted  Pilgrim  Fathers.^  by  their  un- 
ceasing envy,  hatred,  jealousy  and  all  uncharitableness  towards 
the  South,  and  their  egotism,  self-righteousness,  dissimulation, 
cunning,  cupidity  and  hypocrisy,  have  caused  the  severance  of 
that  union  between  the  States  which  can  never  be  renewed. 

The  system  of  intriguing,  selfish  class  legislation,  and  unscrupu- 
lous over-reaching,  in  all  thinjjs,  all  with  whom  they  came  in 
contact,  was  inaugurated  by  the  Yankees  of  the  North  in  the  earli- 
est years  of  the  United  States  Government,  and  was  steadily,  per- 
severingly  and  unscrupulously  pursued  for  more  than  three  quar- 
ters of  a  century,  when  it  culminated  in  the  election  of  Abraham 
Tiincoln  as  President  of  the  United  States,  on  avowed  local,  parti- 
san and  fanatical  principles.  Tliis  caused  the  cup  of  the  South, 
already  filled  with  wrongs,  injuries,  outrages  and  insults,  to  over- 
flow. The  Union,  once  so  loved  bul  now  so  prostituted  and  de- 
based, was  spurned  >vith  contempt  and  loathing.  The  several 
States  now  composing  the  Confbderacy,  each  withdrew  from  that 
defiled  and  defiling  Union;  avowed  their  determination  no  longer  to 


4  THE   CONFEDEKATE. 

be  a  part  of  the  once  honored,  Lut  now  degraded  United  States ; 
in  their  sovereign  capacities  tho.y  formed  a  confederation  amongst 
themselves,  and  quietly — unfortunately  far  too  quietly — awaited 
the  result.  The' result  was  war,  as  1,  for  one,  never  for  a  mo- 
ment doubted.  The  question  uf  peace  or  war  was  answered  on 
thel'2thoi  April,  now  nearly  two  years  jigo,  by  tlie  guns  of  South 
Carolina  at  Fort  Sumter. 

The  bombardment  and  reduction  of.  Fort  Sumter,  forced  upon 
the  South 'by  the  shuffling,  duplicity,  falsehood,  and  finally  the  plain 
and  palpable  treachery  of  the  Northern  Government,  inaugurated 
a  war  which  still  continues,  and  the  end  and  result  vi'  which  no 
human  wisdom  can  foretell.  Swelling  rapidly  into  vast  propor- 
tions, such  as  no  country  has  seen  for  generations,  that  war  now 
employs  the  time  and  occupies  the  energies  of,  probably,  nearly 
two  millions  of  men.  The  pecuniary  character  of  this  war  is  vo 
less  astonishing,  no  less  stupendous,  than  its  military  phase.  The 
Aboliti9n  Government,  by  its  own  admission,  has  been,  for  o\ci' 
one  year,  and  still  is  squandering  money  at  the  fabulous  rate  ot 
over  three  millions  a  day,  or  nearly  one  Thousand  millions  per 
anniun.  Our  own  force  in  the  field,  and  our  own  expenditure, 
though  very  far  below  that  of  our  Abolition  foes,  is  very  great,  and 
would,  under  any  ordinary  circumstances,  be  considered  enormous. 

This  war  has  now  continued  nearly  two  years,  and  it  seems  im- 
proliable,  in  the  nature  of  things,  that  it  should  continue  very 
much  longer.  Be  this  as  it  may,  there  is  already  much  specula- 
tion, North  and  South,  as  well  as  in  Europe,  as  to  the  conclusion 
of  this  devastating  strife,  Avhicli,  in  the  wide  area  of  its  actions 
and  consequences,  is  visiting  sullering  and  privation  upon  multi- 
tudes of  the  distant  inhabitants  of  Europi',  as  well  as  upon  the 
belligerents  themselves.  Speculations  as  to  foreign  intervention 
are  rife  ;  propositions  for  a  general  convention  oi'  all  the  original 
States,  e'ro  the  dissolution,  with  New  Jersey  as  an  arbiter,  have 
been  thrown  out  by  Governor  Seymour,  of  Now  York,  in  his  first 
message,  and  letter  writera  and  editors  in  AbolitiOndom  arc  occu- 
pied in  giving  out  suggestions,  and  devising  ineans  for  bringing 
this  sanguinary  struggle  to  an  end. 

One  of  the  maxims  of  the  "Father  of  his  Country,"  the  wis- 
dom of  which  is  patent  to  all,  is,  "  In  time  of  peace   prepare  for 


THE   CONFEDEEATE.  5 

war/'     At  this  time  I  doom  tlie  converse  of  the  maxim  worthy  of 
serious  attentio]i — "  In  time  of  war  prepare  for  peace/' 

This,  under  any  circumstances,  would  be  a  point  of  importance, 
but  in  the  present  state  of  our  affairs— in  view  of  the  causes  which 
precipitated    this   war,  the  cliaracter  of  those  who  wage  it  against 
us,  the  manner  in  which  they  have, carried  it  on,  the  avowed  end 
they  have  in  view,  and  the  tremendous  stake  (no  less  than  liberty 
or  slavery  to  a  vile,  fanatical,   and    vandal  horde,)  which  we  have 
in  the   issue— render  it  one  of   pHmary  and   vital    importance. 
That  this  war,  like  all  other  wars,  must  have   an  end— that  peace 
must   eventually    come— is  clear  iu  the  nature  of  things— is    the 
plain   dictate  of  ordinary  common   sense— is  proved  by  all  past 
experience,  -as  recorded    in   the    pages  of  history.     Such    being 
clearly  the  necessary  finale  of  this  tremendous   struggle,  is  it  not 
advisable,   even   now,  to  consider,  and  reflect,  and   meditate  well 
what   shall  be  the   nature  and  character  of  that   peace '?     What 
shall  be  the  terms  of  such  peace  1     What  is  necessary  to  give  ns 
present  indemnity  and  future  security  ?     What  is  due  to  the  honor 
and   dignity  of  the  Confederate   Government,  and  what  amends 
shall  be  demanded  from  the   Abolition   Government   for   all  its 
wrongs,  indignities  and  outrages?     Taking  it  for   granted  that  no 
one  of  true  Southern  blood    or   feeling  can,  for  a  moment,  doubt 
the  ultimate   triumph  of  the  Confederate   States— and  that,  how- 
ever  outnumbered  in  men  or  surpassed  in  the   means  and  appli- 
ances of 'war,  victory  must  eventually  perch  upon  our   banner,  it 
appears  to  be  a  not  inappropriate  season  for  considering  what  use 
we  shall  make  of  that  victory  to  which  we  look  forward  with  un- 
wavering confidence,  from  the  tried  valor   of  our  gallant  soldiery 
and  the  approval  of  benignant   Heaven.     The  ultimate  success  of 
our   cause  is  beyond  a  question.     Six   millions  of  people,  united 
as  we  are,  occupying  a  territory  extensive  as  ours,  trained  to  arms 
from  boyhood,  bold,  hardy,  active  and  chivalrous,  never,  have  been 
subjugated  in  the  world's   annals.     What  though   the  enemy  be 
three,  or  five- what   though  they    were  ten  to  one  ?     The  result 
would  still  ]hi  the  same.     Fighting    for  our   altars   and  uur  fire- 
sides,   for   all  that  is  prized    by,  an(i  all  that  is  dear  to  man,  we 
would  meet  the    insolent   invaders,  the  bigots,    the   robbers,  the 
ruffians,  at  every  point,  and  drive  back  their   shattered  and  bleed- 
ing ranks  in  terror  and  disgrace. 

<  i  i  ■       a 


6  THE   CONFEDERATE. 

This  hfkS  been  already  siiown  on  many  a  bloody  field  of  battle. 
Not  two  years  of  the  war  have  elapsed,  but  time  and  again  our 
gallant  troops  have  met  the  foe — met  them  on  their  own  chosen 
fields — met  them  armed  and  equipped  with  the  most  approved 
weapons  and  the  choicest  accessories  of  modern  war  and  modern 
art,  and  ourselves  indifierently  armed,  badly  clothed,  and  but 
partially  organized  and  disciplined — and  have  conrjuored  them 
when  they  outnumbered  us  two,  and  three,  and  even  four  to  one. 
True,  the  successes  have  not  all  been  ours.  The  many  advan- 
tages of  the  enem}'-,  and,  perhaps,  too  much  confidence  or  too 
little  prudence  on  our  part,  have  caused  us  some  serious  and  sad 
reverses.  But  the  general  balance  of  events,  since  the  w\ar  be- 
gan, is  greatly  in  our  favor.  At  the  end  of  nearly  two  years,  we 
arc  stronger  in  every  respect  than  at  any  preceding  period,  and' 
to-day  better  prepared  to  cope  with  the  enemy,  than  at  any  time 
since  the  commencement  of  hostilities. 

Thus  far  all  the  efforts  of  the  Abolitionists  to  cripple  us  in  our 
resources,  and  to  "  crush  out  the  rebellion,"  have  signally  failed. 
Despite  their  blockade,  we  have  more  and  better  arms  than  we 
have  ever  had  before,  and  ample  supplies  of  ammunition  and  mil- 
itary stores.  Despite  their  several  "  0ns  to  Richmond  ! "'  Rich- 
mond is  still  ours,  and  they  are,  perhaps,  further  than  ever  either 
from  gaining  possession  of  Richmond  or  *'  crushing  out  the  rebel- 
lion in  thirty,  sixty  or  ninety  days."  Our  enemies,  like  the  apos- 
tles of  Millerisin  (a  fanaticism  of  thqir  own  fabrication),  have 
been  obliged  to  cliange  their  figures.  What  time  they  may  now 
give  themselves  to  accomplish  their  arduous  labors  it  is  impossible 
to  say.  One  thing  is  certain  ;  they  will  again  fiiil  ignominiously. 
A  united  people,  fighting  for  their  honies,  u])on  their  own  soil,  are 
not  to  be  subdued,  and  the  superior  race  is  never  conquered  by 
the  inferior. 

The  Southron,  descended  froiti  the  Cavaliers  of  Europe,  is  of 
the  superior  race.  Accustomed  from  his  youth  to  the  saddle  and 
the  rifle,  he  may  be  said  to  be  bt>rn  a  soldier. 

The  Abolitionist  of  the  North,  sprung  from  the  scum  of  Eng- 
land, of  Scotland  and  of  Ireland,  bred  in  bigotry  and  intolerance, 
is  of  the  inferior  race.  Accustomed  from  infancy  to  the  last,  the 
needle,  the  axe  or  the  yardstick,  to  thrift,  fraud  and  chicane,  hav- 


THE  CONFEDERATE.  7 

Ing,  ill  most  cases,  never  mounted  a  horse  or  fired  a  gun  in  his 
whole  life,  he  may  be  safely  said  to  have  been  born  not  a  sol- 
diei*.  These,  with  the  addition  of  ignorant  and  pauper  foreigners, 
the  Hessians  of  this  war,  constitute  the  forces  of  our  enemy. 

The  motives  which  actuate  us  are  higher,  purer,  nobler  than 
those  of  the  enemy,  in  much  the  same  degree  that  we  are  morally 
and  personally  superior  to  them.  Their  incentives  to  battle  are 
eonrjuest,  plunder,  revenge  ;  ours,  religion,  home,  family,  liberty. 
In  such  a  struggle,  I  repeat  it,  the  better  cause  and  the  superior 
race,  with  the  favor  of  Heaven,  already  so  remarkably  manifested 
in  our  behalf,  never  can  be  subjugated.  The  struggle  may  still 
be  protracted,  desperate  and  desolating.  Our  privations  and  suf- 
ferings may  continue,  and  even  increase;  our  best  blood  may  yet 
flow  more  profusely  than  heretofore,  but  victory  and  independ- 
ence are  certain. 

From  State  to  State,  from  county  to  county,  from  hill  to  plain, 
on  mountain  and  by  river,  we  will  meet  the  enemy,  and  we  will 
conquer  them. 

If  defeated  in  one  field,  it  shall  only  restring  our  nerves  and 
fortify  our  resolution  to  win  the  next  one.  If,  unhappily,  broken 
and  dispersed,  we  will  carry  on  the  guerrilla  \yarfare,  man  to  man, 
wheneveT  and  wherever  wef  may  meet  a  foe.  Prom  every  hill  and 
hollow,  from  every  tree  and  thicket,  the  sudden  fire  of  death  shall 
flash  in  the  face  of  the  enemy.  If  unable  to  cope  with  the  ruthless 
foe  in  masses,  we  will  cut  them  off  in 'detail,  and  by  all  and  any  means, 
until  our  outraged  land  is  free  from  their  pollution.  Their  pa- 
trols, pickets,  sentinels,  scouting  parties,  shall  be  pioked  off  by 
the  unerring  rifle ;  their  communications  broken  up,  and  their  trains 
captured  and  destroyed.  The  war  shall  be  by  day  and  by  night, 
and  the  conflict  unceasing,  until  the  Abolition  horde  shall  be  glad 
to  escape,  if  escape  they  can,  with  barely  life,  from  the  land  they 
so  boastfully  came  to  conquer  and  possess.  They  shall  be  at- 
tacked, wearied,  harassed,  destroyed,  at  all  times,  in  all  ways  and 
all  places,  until  we  shall 

"Make  our  valleys,  reeking  caves, 

Live  in  the  awc-struck  miuds  of  men  ; 
Till  bigots  tremble,  when  the  knaves 

Mention  each  bloody  Southf-ru  glen."* 

*  Slightly  altered  from  the  original, 


THE    CONFEDERATE. 

■No.  2. 

"  If  there  was  n  bag  of  ocftoe  in  boll,  a.  Yankee  ivould  go  altev  it  I "" 

The  above  forcible,  though  not  \ory  elegant  quotation,  expresses 
well  the  sense  entertained  by  its  author  of  the  great  principle  of 
all  Yankeedom — immeasurable  avai-ice.  The  reinark  is  attribu- 
ted to  the  black,  Christopho,  once  the  nominal  President  of  the 
quasi  Republic  of  Hayti.  It  comes  from  one  who  had  ample  op- 
'portunity  for  observing  the  unflithomable  baseness  of  Yankee 
character,  as  displayed  in  the  West  Indies,  far  from  home  and  un- 
restrained by  the  factitious  rules  of  their  society,  or  the  fictitious 
curbs  of  their  peculiar  home-moraiity.  The  authority,  I  admit,  is 
not  a  very  respectacle  one,  and  I  should  never  have  dreamed  of 
quoting  it  against  a  gentleman  or  a  respectable  people  ;  but  ap- 
plied to  the  Yankees,  coming  from  one  of  that  race  they  profess 
to  consider  their  equals,  and  in  whose  welfare  they  profess  so 
warm  an  interest,  it  seems  peculiarly  just  and  appropriate. 

It  is  this  unprincipled  and  most  unscrupulous  people  with  which 
we  are  now  in  conflict. 

In  order  that  we  may  justly  appreciate  the  true  character  of  our 
Yankee  foes,  it  is  necessary  to  look  a  little  into  their  antecedents, 
and  see  what  record  they  have  left  upon  the  pages  of  history  ;  for 
they,  too,  like  plague,  pestilence  and  famine,  the  Simoom,  the 
tempest,  and  the  earthquake,  and  other  scourges  of  humanity, 
have  a  history — a  history  filled  with  the  outrages  they  have  com- 
mitted upon  society,  and  written  in  the  tears  of  their  helpless  and 
hapless  victims. 

Rising  into  influence  and  power  by  their  characteristic  menda- 
city and  hypocrisy,  in  the  seventeenth  century — floating,  like  other 
scum,  to  the  top  of  the  cauldron  of  revolution — for  the  sins  of 
mankind,   probably,    certainly  for  tHeir  sorrow,  and  to  their  own 


THE  CONFEDERATE.  9 

eternal  disgrace  and  .infamy,  tliey  seiised  upon  the  powers,  and 
wielded  (for  a  brief  period,  by  the  blessing  of  God)  the  destinies 
of  a  nation.  Professing, a  desire  to  reform  the  Government  and 
restrain  the  King,  they  destroyed  the  Government  and  mnrdered 
the  King.  Prc^rnding  to  reform  the  Church  and  purify  religion, 
they  overthrew  the  Church  and  destroyed  religion.. 

I  am  no  apologists  for  the  Stuarts ;  I  am  no  zealous  advocate 
of  the  Church  of- England.  Both,  no  doubt,  had  their  foibles  and 
their  faults.  But  when  a  king,  in  many  respects  worthy  of  all 
consideration,  and  certainly  a  gentleman  and  a  Christian,  is  assas- 
sinated in  cold  blood,  by  a  wild  band  of  low,  unprincipled, and  shame- 
less robbers  and  villians  ;  when  a  church,  venerable  from  its  antiqui- 
ty, the  sublime  beauty  of  its  service,  the  pure  character,  fervid  piety, 
and  deep  learning  of  nearly  every  one  of  its  highest  officials,  and 
the  unexceptional  lives  and  faithful  labors  of  the  Vast  majority  of 
its  subordinate  priesthood,  is  overthrown,  shattered,  trampled  in 
the  dust  by  a  grovelling,  vicious,  ignorant  rabble,  we  cannot  for- 
bear the  exjDression  of  sincere  sympathy  with  the  one-,  nor  our 
just  detestation  of  and  deep  abhorrence  of  the  other. 

It  is  no  pleasant  task  to  review  the  history  <M  the  "  Puritans," 
the  "  Pilgrims,"  as  they  are  wont  to  style  themselves.  A  career 
of  such  ruthless  selfishness,  of  such  unprincipled  conduct,  of  such 
hypocritical  profession,  it  is  impossible  to  find  in  the  records  of 
any  other  people.  It  is  not  pleasant  to  unmask  hypocrisy,  to  ex- 
pose villainy,  to  unveil  vice  in  all  its  deformity.  It  is  disagree- 
able to  see  human  nature  thus  degraded.  It  wounds  our  self- 
respect  to  think  we  are  of  the  same  human  family.  Yet  such  is 
the  task  imposed  on  one  who  gives  even  a  brief  sketch  of  the  lives 
of  the  "Puritans,"  and  their  undoubted  descendants,  the  "Yankees." 
It  is  not  easy  to  impart  a  correct  idea  of  these  people  to  the 
Southern  mind.  For  more  than  half  a  century.  Southern  apathy 
has  permitted  our  country  to  be.  deluged  with  Northern  books  and 
Northern  papers.  Our  school  books,  our  histories,  our  journals, 
even  our  almanacs,  have  been  written,  printed,  published,  by 
Northern  men  in  Northern  cities.  To  justify  their  owa  rascality 
and  the  villainy  of  their  progenitors,  these  Yankee  Mriters  have 
misstated  facts,  perverted  the  Bible  and  falsified  history.  They 
have  even,  changed  the  vices  and  crimes  of  ther  forefathers  into 


10  '  THE    CONrEDEKATE. 

virtues  and  heroic  actions.  They  claim,  and  with  luitabashcd  bold- 
ness, with  brazen  impudence,  still  clnini  for  those  sellish  impos- 
tors the  crown  and  the  praise  of  martyrs  and  heroes. 

Every  page  of  true  history  folsifies  this  infamous  and  im- 
pudent claim.  But  how  is  true  history  to  be  •  obtained  ?  For- 
tunately, Truth  is  immortal !  The  true  records  of  the  iniamous 
career  of  the  vile  sect,  of  which  our  vandal  enemies,  the  Yankees, 
are  the  legitimate  descendants  and  the  true  and  faithful  represent- 
atives,  still  exist  and  can  be  procured,  despite  all  tlieir  mighty 
and  persevering  eftbrts,  during  more  than  two  crnturies,  to  hide 
them  under  mountains  of  falsehood  and  misrepresentation. 

The  Yanivce  Abolitionists  declare  that  "  the  Pilgrim  Fathers 
fled  from  persecution  in  England,  and  came,  self  banished,  noble, 
lieroic  mai-tyrs,  to  the  desert  wilds  of  the  New  World  to  escape 
from  that  persecution  which  they  M'ere  uuable  to  resist,  and  to 
enjoy  the  inestimable  privilege  of  worshipping  God  according  to 
the  dictates  of  their  ov/n  conscience."  Vide  Peter  Parley,  Ab- 
bott, an(i  every  Geography  and  History,  and  almost  every  other 
school-book,  published  in  Yankeedom  for  the  last  half  century. 

These  assertion*,  if  well  substantiated,  might  give  to  thie  Puri- 
tans, a  claim  to  some  small  credit,  but  by  no  means  to  any  part  of 
the  glory  claimed  for  them  by  their  posterity.  They  would  be 
entitled  to  that  praise,  whatever  it  may  be  worth,  which  is  due  to 
those  who  prefer  to  abandon  their  country  rather  than  boldly 
resist  tyranny,  and  choose  to  expatriate  themselves  rather  than 
incur  the  risk  of  winning  the  crown  of  martyrdom!  But  not  con- 
tent to  permit  these  cowardly  runagates  to  sink  quietly  into  that 
oblivion  which  their  insignificance  so  well  deserved,  even  if  the 
story  so  industriously  manufactured  by  their  descendants  were 
true,  they  must  needs,  forsooth,  be  elevated  to  the,  dignity  of 
patriots,  heroes,  martyrs  !  "Was  such  unblushing  impudence  ever 
heard  or  seen  before  1  Truly  is  the  son  worthy  of  the  sire  !  "  The 
Yankee  does  credit  to  the  Puritan ! 

But  so  far  is  the  Yankee  story  of  the  Puritans  from  being  true, 
it  is  absolutely  and  entirely  false.  In  m' hole  and  in  part ;  in  the 
aggregate  and  in  the  constituents,  the  whole  of  this  Yankee 
fable,  this  Puritan  apotheosis,  is,  in  every  essential  point,  not  only 
wholly  untrue,  but  the  very  reverse  of  truth. 


THE   CONFEDKEATE.  11 

Take  any  Yankee  history  of  the  Puritans;  change  every  afin-ma- 
tion  to  a  negation,  and  every  iKgation  to  an  affirmation,  and  the 
work  would  approximate  far -more  nearly  to  thatgr(?at  constituent, 
.the  absence  of  v/hich  destroys  entirely  the  value  of  all  history — 
IVnth. 

The  true  iiistory  of  the  Puritans  is,  in  substance  and  briefly,  as 
f(.)llows : 

])uriug  the  revolutionary  periods  in  Enj^^land,  In  the  time  of 
Charles  I.,  the  biprots  and  fanatics,  of  which  that  distracted  period  was 
so  painfully  prolific,  banded  their  hitherto  disjointed  forces  into  one 
or  more  parties,  and  in  the  hope  of  power,  vengeance  fur  flmcied 
wrongs,  and  the  spoils  to  be  reaped  by  the  plunder  of  the  rich  in 
the  anarchy  and  confusion  of  a  revolution,  *  united  against  the. 
Throne  and  the  Church.  Upon  the  overthrow  'of  the  Throne  and 
the  downfiiU  of  the  Chnrch,  first  one  faction  and  then  another  of 
these  unprincipled  schemers  ol)tained  possession  of  the  chief  pow- 
ers of  the  Government.  Finally  all  the  /powers  of  the  Govern- 
ment, civil  and  religiolis,  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  Independents, 
the  real  Puritans,  with  Cromwell  at  their  head.  Behold,  then, 
these  Purists  in  religion  and  politics,  these  pious  and  zealons  re- 
formers, these  self-styled  saints,  wielding  for  .a  time  the  whole 
power  of  the  English  Empire  !  And  in*  what  manner  did  they 
use  the  power  which  they  had  so  surreptitiously  and  criminally 
obtained  1  Truly,  the  spectacle  is  curious — painful  but  instruct- 
ive. The  king  they  had  professed  to  desire  only  to  confine  M'ithin 
the  constitutional  limits  of  his  prerogative,  their  leaders — who  had 
neither  conquered  nor  captured  him — bought  with  money  from  the 
Scots,  his  native  subjects,  to  whom,  m  confidence  o4  their  good 
faith,  he  had  nobly  surrendered  his  person  and  his  safety.  The 
Scots — not  the  nation,  but  the  Puritans  amongst  them,  who  held 
the  balaiice  of  power — basely  sold  him  to  his  blood-thirsty  ene- 
mies ;  thus  sharing  the  guilt  and  infjimy  of  this  unsupjDassedly  in- 
fiimous  bargain  of  blood.  Tlie  Puritans,  true  to  their  character, 
their  nature,  and  their  instincts,  immediately  butchered  the  King.' 
In.  the  case  of  the  Church,  tliese  blood-thirsty'  saints  acted  with 
equal  consistency  and  equal  infamy.  The  Church  m  as  overthrown, 
its  ministers  rol)bed  and  banished,  its  property  plundered  and  de- 
stroyed.    For  the  (  hiu'ch  they  substituted  the  Conventicle,  for  tho 


12  THE   CONFEDEEATE. 

regularly  ordained  priesthood,  any  crazy  or  intriguing  fanatics 
^vllo  taniied  they  had  "  had  a  call  ;  "  for  the  religion  hallo^ved  by 
centuries,  theiv  own  wild,  crude  and  frantic  sectarian  doctrines;  for 
the  pure  morals  of  the  Bible,  a  still',  starched,  fanatical,  gloomy 
morality,  which  proscribed  any  exhibition  of  feelings,  however  in- 
nocent and  noble,  and  all  manifestations  of  airection,  however  natu- 
ral and  sacred. 

Pretending  to  be  the  very  saints  of  the  earth,  and  entirely  sep- 
arate and  distinct  from  all  others,  whom  tb.ey  designated  as  Gen- 
tiles, world's  people,  and  malignants,  they  endeavored  to  ijiark  the 
distinction  by  manners  the  most  frigid  and  formal ;  by  hair  of  for- 
mal cut,  by  habiliments  of  sober  style  and  sombre  hue,  by  long 
faces  and  longer  prayers.  Even  hi  ordinary  conversation,  aban- 
doning the  common  language  of  common  sense,  they  adopted  a 
jargon  mixed  up  of  constant  random,  irreverent  quotations  of  the 
obsolete  expressions  of  Holy  Writ,  and  their  own  sectarian  cant, 
which  would  have  been  supremely  absurd  and  ludicrous,  had  it  not 
been  at  the  same  time  wicked  and  impious.  ■  All  the  usual  courte-- 
sies  and  amenities  of  social  life  were  forbidden ;  amusements  the  most 
innocent  prohibited ;  customs,  fetes,  holidays  the  most  sacred  from 
time  and  association,  denounced,  and  every  usage,  amusement  or 
indulgence  which  could  console  or  cheer  the  heart  of  man,  discarded. 
Even  the  ordinary  sounds  of  the  human  voice  were  objectionable 
in  the  view  of.  these  new  Pharisees,  and  a  low,  halting,  hesitating, 
hoarse  and  snuffling  through  the  nose,  became  the  chosen  tone  of  the 
Elect. 

Such  is  the  character  and  such  the  conduct  of  the  Puritans  in 
England  duj^ing  the  day  of  their  power.  They  seemed  to  think  the 
only  conduct  pleasing  to  God  was  that  which  was  most  unnatural 
and  revolting  to  man;  that  the  only  sure  road  to  salvation  was 
that  which  overran  and  trod  down  all  the  natural  affections ;  in 
short,  that  the  only  way  to  Heaven  was  to  make  earth  as  nearly 
as  possible  a  Hell. 

In  the  madness  of  their  blind  and  furious  zealotry,  they  tore 
down  the  cross  from  the  churches,  although,  with  characteristic  'ig- 
norance and  inconsistency,  they  sometimes  allowed  the  mitre  to  re- 
main, leaving  intact  the  emblem  of  rank  of  the  priest,  while  they  impi- 
0"i]isly  trampled  on  that  of  his,  and,  according  to  their  professions, 


THE  CONFEDEFvAtE.  13 

their  God — the  sign  and  banner  of  a  common  hope  and  a  common 
salvation.  They  banished  the  Bible  from  their  pulpits,  because 
it  was  read  in  the  churches.  Though  kneeling  in  prayer  is  en- 
joined, they  determined  to  pray  standing,  for  the  reason  that 
churchmen  kneel.  In  all  things  they  endeavored  to  be  as  unlike 
Chi-istians  as  possible — and  they  succeeded  ;  there  ucrc  none  like 
them  before,  there  are  none  others  like  them  now  ;  may  there  be 
no  more  like  them  forever  ! 

Incapable,  from  the  very  coarseness  and  baseness  erf  their  na- 
ture, of  appreciating  harmony,  they  banished  all  decent  music  and 
all  tolerable  tunes  from  their  places  of  worship,  and  adopted  a 
mode  and  manner  of  singing,  at  their  places  of  worship,  v.hich  has 
been  the  abhoiTcnce  and  ridicule  of  all  succeeding  time.  Ignorant 
of  all  that  adorns,  elevates,  soothes,  and  gives  a  charm  to  life,  they 
made  vandal  %var  upon  the  fine  arts.  They  broke  down  the  altars, 
shattered  the  windows,  overthrew  the  statues,  and  destroyed  the 
paintings  found  either  in  the  churches  or  in  private*  habitations. 
Even  the  last  resting  place  of  the  dead  was  no  more  sacred  in  their 
eyes  than  it  is  in  the  eyes  of  their  Yankee  successors.  They  broke 
ojDcn  the  tomb*  OjUd  defaced  the  sepulchres.  As  there  are  no 
bounds  to  fanaticism  except  those  imposed  by  force,  the  Puritans 
continued  madly  in  their  wild  career,  from  one  outi;*age,  from  one 
absurdity,  from  one  monstrosity,  to  anotHer  more  outrageous, 
more  absurd  and  more  monstrous  still.  Finally,  abjuring  all  laws 
except  those  of  the  Bible,  as  interpreted  by  themselves,  and  de- 
nying all  authority  on  earth  except  that  of  Jesus  Christ,  they  were 
ready  to  make  war  upon  all  law,  all  rulers  and  all  authority ;  and 
would,  inevitably,  have  thrown  everything  sacred  or  civil,  into  one 
common  anarchy.  But  this  did  not  suit  the  views  of  their  leader. 
Cromwell,  the  only  man  of  marked  genius  their  party  ever  pro- 
duced, had  used  them  for  his  own  purposes,  and  ^irough  their  aid 
he  had  reached  the  great  object  of  his  mighty  ambition.  He  had 
no  further  use  for  them.  He  was  in  possession  of  supreme  power ; 
they  could  give  him  no  more.  This  last  phase  of  their  ])arty,  the 
rise  of  the  "  Fifth  Monarchy  "  faction,  ;threatened  even  to  endan- 
ger the  stability  of  his  power.  True  to  himself,  but  false  to  them, 
as  they  were  to  all  the  world,  he  determined  to  destroy  them,  and 
he   succeeded    without   difficulty.      Taking  a  few  of  l)is-  armed 


14  TEE   CONFEDERATE. 

guards,  he  drove  tlio  small  remaining  fragment  of  the  "  Knmp  " 
from  the  Parliament  House,  locked  the  door,  ai/d  put  the  key  in 
b.is  pocket.  He  told  them  :  ''  The  Lord  is  lired  of  you  ! ''  Croin- 
well  certainly  was  tired  of  them.  Thencefortli  he  ruled  Euiiland  ; 
ruled  it  absolutely— rulrd  it  in  the  main  wisely  and  well — i)ut  he 
ruled  alone.     The  Puritan  power  was  ^one  forever. 

The  nation  had  long  been  tired  of  them,  and  witnessed  their 
overthrow  and  di.;grace  with  joy. 

On  the  death  of  Cromwell,  there  v^'as  inndi  danger  of  anarehv. 
Then  once  more  ''  the  Saints,*'  tiiat  is,  the  Puritans,  made  their 
appearance  on  the  stage.  They  who  had  ruled  the  nation  in  mad- 
ness; who  had  gone  about  with  the  word  of  God  on  their  lips, 
and  the  sword  of  God  in  their  hands, ;  who  had  bound  kins;s 
in  chains,  and  nobles  with  iiidcs  of  iron,  came  forth  from  tiiei?* 
4  hiding  pho.ecs  to  make  one  more  desperate  effort  for  powx^r,  one 
final  struggle  for  empire. 

But  their  nday  had  gone  by  ;  their  time  had  passed  away. 

Charles  I!,  was  recalled  from  his  exile,  and  restored  to  the  throne 
of  his  ancestors,  amidst  the  wildest  outbursts  of  loyalty  and  devo- 
tion. During  his  whole  reign,  caretess,  despotic,  variable  as  it 
was — extravagant,  vicious,  and  licentious  as  were  his  conduct  and 
his  court,  the  nation  gladly  submitted  to  his  authority,  and  were 
content  to  overlook  his  foibles  and  his  faults.  They  remembered 
the  reign  of  "  the  Saints"-— they  had  not  forgotten  when  that  iron 
rule  of  bigotry  and  intA)lerance  weighed  upon  them  lilce  an  incubus, 
paralyzhig,  blighting,  destroying,  everything  pleasant  and  loveable 
in  life,  everything  honorable,  •  and  elevating,  and  sacred  in  human 
nature.  Then  and  there  closed  the  history  of  Puritanism  in  Enr- 
land.  Its  power  to  do  evil  was  gone.  The  Puritans,  as  a  political 
power,  then  perished  forever.  In  Europe  they  are  heard  of  no  more, 
and  the  very  n^inie  itself  wouljd,  long  since,  have  sunk  intornerited 
oblivion,  but  that,  while  in  power,  it  had  shocked  the  world  with  an 
exhibition  of  follies,  vices  and  crimes,  which  have  doomed  the 
name  of  Puritan  to  a  most  unenviable  immortality. 

So  ends  the  history  of  the  Puritans  in  the  Old  World.  In  my 
next  number  I  purpose  to  give  a  brief  history  of  its  commencement 
and  progress  in  the  New. 


THE    CONFEDERATE. 


Tno.  3. 

In  my  last  number  1  had  finished  my  brief  sketch  of  the  history 
of  the  Puritans  in  the  Old  World.  Wo  have  there  seen  them, 
after  a  most  wild  and  wiclved,  though  brief  career,  sink  into  merited 
insignificance  and  contempt.  In  the  meantime,  however,  a  portion 
of  the  same  worthless  faction  had  effected  a  lodgement  on  the  shores 
of  the  New  World. 

In  1620,  that  unhappy  ship,  the  Mayflower,  had,  unhappily  for 
'humanity,  and  doubly  unhappily  for  us,  disgorged  upon  the 
shores  of  America  its  fanatical  crew,  the  spawn  of  that  vile 
faction  v/hose  "history  I  have  already,  recorded,  in  the  last  num- 
ber ;  whose  principles,  or  rather  total  want  of  principles,  1  have 
portrayed  ;  the  progenitors  of  that  infamous  and  beastly  race  whose 
fiitting  ruler  is  the  "Ape  Lincoln,"  and  whose  living  incarnation  is 
the  "  Beast  Butler."  These  vile  fanatics,  with  the  false  cry  of  per- 
secution, against  themselves,  by  the  Church  of  England,  and  the 
true  principles  of  persecution  against  every  one  else,  in  their 
hearts — principles  which  they  very  speedily  put  into  practice — had 
just  arrived  from  Europe, 

It  is  of  this  portion  of  the  Puritan  clan  I  now  purpose  to  write. 
I  will  mention  here  that  I  use  the  words,  Puritan,  Pilgrim  Fathers, 
and  Yankee,  in  common.  They  are  almost  convertible  terms,  and 
signify  the  same  worthless  crew,  whether  in  Europe  or  America. 
But  it  is  of  these — the  Mayflower  Puritans,  the  Pilgrim  Fathers, 
I  now  intend  to  treat. 

They  are  the  Puritans  for  whom,  especially,  the  lying  Yankee 
writers  have  put  forth  such  astonishing  claims  to  respect  and  ven- 
eration. It  is  in  their  favor  that  the  assertion  is  so  emphatically 
made  that  "  they  fled  from  persecution  on  account  of  their  reli- 
gion, in  England,  to  seek  religious  freedom  iu  America."     A  claim 


16  THE   CONFEDERATE. 

more  entirely  unfounded,  more  utterly  false,  has  seldom,  if  ever, 
been  made  by  man.  I  have  just  said  they  arrived  from  Europe. 
I  said  it  advisedly  ;  they  had  come  from  Europe,  but  not  ivom. 
England,  in  the  sense  which  their  apologists  and  eulogists  mean  to 
convey.  The  band  who  came  over  in  the  Mayflower  (alas  !  why 
did  she  not  sink  on  the  way  ! )  had  been,  for  ten  years,  settled  in 
'Holland,  and  landed  in  England  only  to  make  the  final  arrange- 
ments for  their  emigration  to  this  continent.  This  is  a  notable 
specimen  of  the  Yankee  science  of  lying ;  it  conveys  a  falsehood 
in  the  words  of  truth.  They  did  sail  from  England,  it  is  true,  but 
they  had  first  sailed  from  Holland,  w^here  they  had  lived  for  ten 
years  just  preceding  their  exodus.  The  idea  conveyed,  and  in- 
tended to  be  conveyed,  by  the  Yankee  waiters,  is  that  the  severity 
of  persecution  in  England  drove  the  Pilgrim  Eathers  out  of  the 
country  into  the  wilds  of  the  New  World,  and  that  they  sailed 
immediately  from  England,  the  place  where  they  were  persecuted, 
to  avoid  that  persecution.  To  have  stated  the  whole  truth' 
would  have  been  to  have  belied  the  pretension  to  perse- 
cution. It  would  then  have  read,  truly,  but  Very  absurdly, 
thus  :  "  The  Puritans  fled  from  England,  wdiere  they  had 
not  resided  for  the  ten  preceding  years,  to  avoid  perse- 
cution ! "  How  could  England  have  persecuted  them  w  hen  they 
were  in  Holland  1  This  very  natural  question  would  have  oc- 
curred to  every  reader.  With  ready  skill  in«their  favorite  avoca- 
tion, lying,  the  Yankee  writers  omit  a  very  material  fiict  in  their 
statement,  which  would  wholly  disprove  their  charge  of  persecu- 
tion, and  then  boldly  present  their  false  assertion  to  their  readers. 
'But  perhaps  they  may  say  that  the  crew  of  the  Mayflower  were 
originally  from  England — that  they  were  driven  to  Holland  by 
persecution  at  home ;  and  that,  after  all,  the  statement  is  substan- 
tially true.     Let  us  see  how  this  matter  stands  : 

That  the  Pilgrims  were  originally  from  England  is  true ;  it  is 
true,  also,  that  it  is  said  they  fled  to  Holland  to  escape  from  per- 
secution at  home.  But  how  is  the  fact  %  That  persecution  has 
prevailed  in  England,  far  too  often  for  the  credit  of  human  na- 
ture, is  unhappily  too  true.  Each  sect  of  religion,  whenever  in 
power,  in  that  country,  has  persecuted  all  who  differed  with  them 
in   religious  faith ;   and  by  no  sect  was   persecution  indulged  in . 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  17 

more  freely  than  by  thoPiu'itaus  tlicmselvcri,  during  their  brief  pe- 
riod of  power.  But  that  they  were  suliering  anything  from  persecu- 
tion ftt  the  time  of  their  emigration  to  Ilolhmi^,  is  entirely  untrue. 

This  baseless  slander  of  the  Church  and  Government  of  Eng- 
land is  of  modern  manufacture.  This  charge  of  persecution,  en- 
tirely unfounded,  and  a  vile  fabrication,  was  not 'made  by  the  em- 
igrants to  lL)lland  themselves,  nor  any  such  pretence  set, up  at 
the  time.  This,  although  perfectly  characteristic,  both  of  them- 
selves and  their  successors,  was  too  notoriously  untrue,  and  too- 
easily  disproved,  for  them,  brazen  as  they  were,  to  dare  the  accu- 
sation. This  task  was  reserved  for  their  shameless  descendants,  at 
a  distance  of  three  thousand  miles  from  the  scene  of  action,  and 
after  the  lapse  of  more  than  a  century.  «' 

The  only  complaint  the  emigrants  to  Holland  ever  made  wjis 
that  "  they  were  obliged  to  pay  tithes  for  the  support  of  a  church 
in  which  they  did  not  believe,  and  at  whose  altars  they  did  not 
worship."  This,  which  at  any  time  and  under  any  circumstances, 
could  only  have  been  considered  a  hardship,  or  an  oppression, 
they  never  dared  to  exaggerate  into  persecution  ;  this  congenial 
labor  has  been  gratuitously  performed  by  their  posterity. 

It  is  plain,  then,  there  was  no  persecution  to  drive  the  Puritans 
to  Holland.  But  was  taxation,  or  tithes  to  support  the  established 
church,  although  they  did  not  believe  in  it,  an  oppression,  or  even 
a  hardship  in  their  case  1  "  Circumstances,"  says  the  homely 
proverb,  "alter  cases."  What  were  the  circumstances  in  this 
case  ?  Here  I  shall  have  to  reproduce  a  little  true  history,  which 
conflicts  sadly  with  the  false  Yankee  history  of  Puritanism.  In 
the  latter  half  of  the  eleventh  century,  William  of  Normandy 
conquered  England,  and  assumed  the  crown  of  that  country,  which 
his  descendants  have  held  ever  since,  and,  in  the  person  of  Queen 
Victoria,  still  hold.  By  a  maxim  of  the  English  law,  the  highest 
title  to  all  thoTand  in  the  empire,  fee  simple,  as  well  as  the  right 
of  eminent  domain,  is  vested  in  tiie  crown.  William  the  Con- 
queror being,  by  his  conquest  of  England,  the  owner  of  all  the 
land  of  the  kingdom,  partitioned  it  oil*  into  manors,  as  is  recorded 
in  Domesday  Book  (a  work  still  extant),  and  conierred  these 
manors  upon  his  favorite  chieftaisis,  in  reward  for  their  services, 
but  upon  certain  specific  conditions. 


18  THli   CONFEDKKAIE. 

Tliis  division  of  the  iaml  of  EiijxlnU'l  was  made  in  fcndal  tl nu's, 
:iii<l  diirin«i  tho.  supreniacv  of  the  J  Ionian  Catliolic  Chmt-h.  Tho 
]>rincipal  (•onditions  pf  the  grants  of  these  manors  were  tho  nor- 
lorniance  of  tlicnsual  duties  of  feudatories,  l>y  tliysc  to  wlioni  tlje 
l;ind  was  given,  to  their  sovereign,  and  the  payment  of  tithes  for 
ihe  support  of  the  Chureii.  In  every  other  respect  these  grants 
'•f  lands  were  pure  l)enefaetions — free  gifts — the  titles  in  fee  to 
liie  grantees,  and  to  iheir  legal  heirs,  forever.  The  correspond- 
ing duties,  on  the  part  of  llie  grantees,  of  feudal  service  to  the 
grantor,  and  his  successors  in  oflice,  and  the  payment  of  tithes  to 
the  Churcli,  were  never,  in  any  case,  omitted,  hut  were  always 
expressly  stipulated. 

lUe  (jlreat  liarons  of  the  Conqu(>ror  suhdividcd  those  manors 
amongst  their  favorites,  and  they  again  amongst  theirs,  almost  a<l 
injiiiitnm.  Thus  were  the  lands  of  England  parcelled  out,  in 
•  very  imaginable  fpiantity,  from  the  manor  of  the  Great  Baron, 
with  its  thousa)ids  of  acres,  to  the  small  freehold  of  the  laborer,  of 
a  few  acres  or  even  the  fraction  of  an  acre;  but  all  held  on  tho 
Rame  specified  terms,  and  all  were  'subject  to  feudal  services  and 
Church  rates,  precisely  as  in  the  case  of  the  original  grantee,  the 
Great  Baron  of  the  Conqueror.  "J'hus,  then,  were  all  the  lands  of 
England  held  in  possession  of  those  who  occupied  them  as  n  free 
gift,  but  upon  very  easy  conditions,  whieh  gratitude  would  impel, 
and  honesty  would  require  the  donee  to  I'ullill.  The  Reformation, 
in  the  reign  of  Henry  VllI ,  did  not,  in  any  way,  alter  these  con- 
ditions, or  the  obligations  of  the  hcMders  of  lands,  any  more  than 
did  tho  succession  of  one  king  to  another.  The  death  of  one 
Irliig,  and  the  crowning  of  another,  in  no  wise  released  the  land- 
holders from  their  duty  of  feudal  service,  and  tlic  overthrow 
of  the  Church  of  Rome,  and  the  installati(»n,  in  its  place,  of  tho 
Chumi  of  England,  in  no  manner  released  them  from  the  duty  of 

k  paying  tithes  for  the  support  of  the  Church.  The  feudal  service, 
in  the  first  cast',  due  to  -one  king,  became  due  to  another,  his  suc- 
cessor.    The  obligation  of  paying  tithes,  in  the  other  case,  to  one 

y  church,  became  binding  upon  the  landholders  to  pay  them  to  aii- 
olher  church,  its  successor.     And  lliis  dut\-,  in  the  latter  case,  was 

I    made  clear  and  indisputable  by  the  will  of  the  king  and  the  laws 

,;     pf  the  land. 


THE  C0NFI'!DERATE.  ^  19 

Wc  arc  now  in  n  position  to  examine  into  the  case  of  the  Pnri- 
tans,  and  their  objections  to  paying  tithes.  If  they  posscsse<]  no 
lands,  then  thoy  were  not  required  to  pay  tithes;  if  they  did  pos- 
sess lands,  the  question  is,  how  did  they  come  into  that  possession  1 
Lands  are  neither  made  nor  found.  They  pass  by  inheritance,  bv 
gift,  or  by  purchase.  In  this  country,  where  property  in  land 
passes  wholly  unincumbered,  in  ordinary  cases,  b}'  any  conditions 
whatever;  where  the  title  has  been  obtained  by  the  labor,  the  en- 
ergy, or  the  perseverance  of  tiic  immediate  holder,  or  of  his  pre- 
decessor ; '  to  require  the  owner  to  pay  taxes  for  the  support  of  a. 
religion  he  did  not  believe  in,  might  well  be  considered  a  hard- 
ship, and  the  enforced  collection  of  those  taxes  might  vory  properly 
be  considered  an  oppression  ;  but  is  the  case  of  the  Puritans  of 
En.crland,  in  any  respect,  analagous  1 

By  no  means.  If  they  held  their  lands  by  direct  descent,  they 
held  them  from  those  to  whom .  they  had  been  given  upon  the  ex- 
press condition  that  they  should  pay  tithes  for  the  snpport  of  the 
Church.  In  no  possible  way  could  they  have  avoided  this  stipu- 
lation, for  if  the  lands  were  given  to  them,  or  had  been  purchased 
by  them,  they  had  been  accepted,  or  had  been  purchased,  subject 
to  this  well  known  concTition.  If  they  had  been  ignorant  of  this 
condition,  it  would  have  been  their  own  fault,  for  it  is  the  duty  of 
every  man  who  comes  into  the  possession  of  land  to  ascertain  thcj 
full  nature  of  his  title,  and  the  duties  which  such  possession  may 
devolve  upon  him.  But  they  were  not  ignorant  of  the  condition. 
Every  foot  of  land  in  England  was  hehi  sul;)ject  to  the  same  con- 
dition, and  the  ^act  was 'patent  to  all  the  world,  at  least  all  the 
English  world.  The  effort,  then,  of  the  English  Puritans  to  avoid 
the  payment  of  tithes,  instead  of  being  the  .upright  scruple  of  a 
sensitive  conscience,  as  has  been  so  speciously  represented,  was, 
in  fact,  a  fraudulent  attempt  to  commit  a  dishonest  action — for  it 
was  an  effort  to  avoid  the  payment  of  a  just  debt,  and  one  which 
they  knew  to  be  just !  How  well  do  we  recognize  the  real  char- 
acter of  Puritanism  here,  and  how,  at  all  times,  in  all  places,  and 
under  all  circumstances,  it  is  always  true  to  itself,  and  to  all  its 
own  low  and  grovelling  instincts  !  The  pretended  scruple  of  a 
tender  conscience  w  as  merely  a  knavish  attempt  to  avoid  the  pay- 
ment of  a  just  debt.     Ilo^v  worthy  are  their  Yaukcc  descendants 


20  THE  COInFEDERATE. 

# 

of  so  immaculate  an  ancestry  !  The  tcrribiy  persecuting  Church 
find  Government  of  England  allowed,  however,  these  poor,  inno- 
cent and  suffering  martyrs,  to  sell  ail  their  property,  at  their  lei- 
sure, and  to  the  best  advantage,  and  then,  instead  (as  they  them- 
selves would  undoubtedly  have  done,  had  the  situation  of  the  par- 
ties be'en  reversed,)  of  seizing  upon  them,  and  stripping  them  of 
the  proceeds  of  their  patrimony,  quietly  permitted  them  to  sail 
away,  to  Holland  or  anywhere  else  they  might  choose  to  go,  un- 
opposed, uiiobstructed,  and  unpillagcd  ;  rejoicing,  no  doubt,  to  be 
so  well  rid  of  so  factious  and  troublesome  a  crew.-  They  landed 
in  Holland,  and  with  their  idolized  Pastor,  Rev.  Mr.  Robinson, 
settled  in  Leyden. 

The  Dutch  Government,  having  permitted  them  to  settle  within 
its  territory,  thenceforth  troubled  itself  but  little  about  them.  ,  In 
fact,  the  Dutch  Government  seems  wholly  to  have  ignored  their 
very  existence.  In  this  it  manifested  much  wisdom.  It  was, 
doubtless,  fully  aware  what  a  factious,  troublesome,  and  pernicious 
gang  they  were,  and  very  judiciously  left  them- to  their  own  devi- 
ces. Here,  one  would  suppose,  the  Puritans  might  have  rested 
.satisfied.  They  never  pretended,  nor  have  their  lying  descendants 
ever  pretended  for  them,  that  they  we're  persecuted  by  the  Dutch. 
They  were  not  compelled  to  contribute  to  the  support  of  any  reli- 
gion but  their  own.  They  had  full  liberty  to  worship  any  Thing 
or  any  Being  they  preferred — God  or  Baal,  or  no  God  at  all. 
They  might  read  or  not  read  the  Bible — pray  standing,  walking, 
running,  riding  or  lying  down — might  pray  as  long  and  as  impi- 
ously as  suited  them.  It  was  perfectly  at  their  own  option  to  act 
as  awkwardly,  feel  as  frigidly,  dress  as  clownishly,  sing  as  dis- 
cordantly, and  snufiie.as  abominably,  as  suited  their  own  wishes 
and  convenience.  In  short,  they  could  do  as  they  pleased.  Tew 
noticed  them;  still  fewer  cared  for  them,  or  what  they  did,  and 
none  interfered  with  them. 

Thus,  it  should  seem  that  Holland  would  have  been  an  elysium, 
a  promised  land,  to  the  Puritans,  but  it  did  not  prove  so.  Either 
because  they  were  not  persecuted,  or  more  probably,  judging  by 
their  subsequent  history,  because  they  had  no  one  whom  they 
could  themselves  persecute,  their  experiment,  in  Holland,  proved 
a  failure.    Free  from  the  payment  of  tithes ;  exempt  from  all  reli- 


THE  CONFEDEBATE,  21 

gious  taxation,  or  vexation  of  any  kind  ;    with  full  liberty  to  wor- 
ship when,  where  and  how  they  would,  and  whatever  and  whomso- 
ever they  saw  fit,  the  darling  Puritans  were  discontent(jd   and  un- 
happy.    Their  community,   notwithstanding  the  zealous  labors  of 
their  beloved  Pastor,  Rev.  Mr.  Robinson,  dragged  out  an  unsatis- 
factory and  pi^ecarious   existence  for  ten  years,  and  then  crumbled 
to  pieces.     By  the  advice  of  the  said  Pastor,  they  deterniined  to 
sail  for  the   New  World.     On  their  way   they    landed,   and  re- 
mained for   a  short   time,  in  England.     Sailinij:   thoiico   for   the 
shores  of  America,  their  last  act,  before  bidding  a  fuial  adieu  to  their 
native  country,  was  the  inditing  and   forwarding  a  letter  to  the 
Church  of  England — that  self-same  persecuting  Church,  which  had 
so  grievously  oppressed  them,  and  against  which   their   descend-  ' 
ants  have  since  fulminated  so  many  bitter  anathemas,     tn  this  letter, 
which  is  still   extant,  there  is  no  rebuke  for  wrongs  received,  no 
complaint  of  injuries  inflicted,  no  allusion  to  persecutions  suflered. 
The  substance  of  that  letter  is  an  earnest  eulogy  of  the  Church  of 
England ;  an  acknowledgement  of  many  and  great  favors  and  ben-, 
elits  received  from  it ;  a  profession  of  sincere  thankfulness  for  the 
many  obligations   conferred   upon  the  writers,  and  a  promise  to 
hold  the  Church,  ever,  in  affectionate  and  grateful  remembrance  ! 
Now,  this  letter  is  either  true  or  false,  and,  whether  the  one  or  the 
other,  it  is  a  most  unfortunate  document  for  Puritan  and  Yankee. 
If  true,  it  proves  that  all  the  outcry  of  Puritan  and  Yankee  about 
oppression  and  persecution  is  wholly  and  willfully  fabricated  and 
untrue ;  if  the  letter  be  false,  it  proves  the  Puritans  to  have  been, 
what  all  the  rest  of  their  history  proves  them — the  most  consum- 
mate hypocrites,  the  most  abandoned   liars,  and  the  most  abject 
and  soulless  sycophants,  the  world  ever  saw. 


THE  CONFEDERATE. 


ISTO.      4:, 


After  a  cordial  and  adectionate  farewell  to  tiic  (Jhurch  of  Eng- 
land, the  Puritans  sailed  for  the  New  World,  and  in  due  time 
*  landed  upon  the  shores  of  America,  and  upon  that  part  of  the 
coast  which  is  now  embraced  within  the  limitsof  the  State  of  Massa- 
chusetts. Thence,  in  process  of  time,  and  from  various  causes, 
they  eventually  settled,  or  carnc  into  the  possisssion  of,  the  adjoining 
territory,  constituting  what  is  known,  at  the  present  day,  as  the 
six  States  of  New  Enorland. 

What  an  illustrious  instance  of  placability  of  temper,  and  for- 
giving disposition,  was  manifested  by  the  Puritans,  in  thus  giving 
to  their  new  country  the  name  df  the  old  one,  from  which  they 
had  fled,  suilering  martyrs,  to  escape  the  terrible  ills  of  oppres- 
sion and  persecution  ! 

Here  are  the  Puritans,  on  a  new  soil,  free  from  oppression  and 
persecution  ;  at  perfect  liberty  to  enjoy  that  darling  wish  of  their 
pure  and  pious  hearts,  the  blessed  privilege  of  "  worshipping  God 
according  to  the  dictates  of  their  own  consciences."  Surely  they 
will  now  be  contented  and  happy.  In  this  new  world,  under  the 
fostering  care  of  their  most  mild  and  merciful  religion,  their  strict 
morality,  and  their  warm  aflection,  not  only  for  each  other,  but 
for  the  whole  race  of  man,  a  new  Eden  will  arise  on  the  Western 
Hemisphere  ;  the  desert  shall  blossom  like  the  rose ;  peace  and 
brotherly  love  will  prevail ;  and  at  last,  'even  on  this  sinful  earth, 
shall  bo  realized  and  enjoyed  that  heavenly  promise  In  the  song  of 
the  Sons  of  Light,  "  Peace  on  earth,  and  good  will  to  men  !"  Such 
a  result  might  have  been  anticipated  by  one  unacquainted  with  the 
past  history  of  the  Puritans.  Such  a  result  might  even,  to  some 
extent,  have  been  obtained,  had  not   the  Puritans   simult§,ncousiy 


•THE   CONFEDERATE.  23 

proved  false  to  all  their  lofty  and  high-sounding   pretensions,  and 
true  to  tiieir  more  grovelling  natures  and  baser  instincts. 

NothinjT  was  achieved  by  them  for  the  improvement  of  man- 
Ivind  individually,  or  the  melioration  of  society.  Jealous^',  bicker- 
ii1g,  strife,  amongst  thcjnselves,  and  treachery,  op.pression  and  tru- 
elty  to  others,  are  the  chief  (;haracteristics  of  that  model  society 
cstal)lished  by  the  Puritans  in  New  England.  Upon  their  first 
landing,  in  a  bleak  climate,  in  a  cold  and  dreary,  season  of  the 
year,  upon  a  wild  and  sterile  shore — weak  in  numbers,  weak  from 
long  confinement  on  shipboard,  weak  from  fatigue  and  disease,*and 
terribly  straightened  for  provi.sl..>n8,  they  were  met  by  the  native 
lords  of  the  soil,  at  that  time  strong  enough  to  have  exterminated 
the  weak  band  of  Pilgrims,  with  a  kindness,  a  courtesy,  and  a  wel- 
come, which  would  have  done  honor  to  an  advanced  state  of  civil- 
ized or  even  Christian  society.  The  wild  Indian,  far  superior  in 
the  native  nobility  of  his  soul,  to  the  fanatical  Puritans,  pitied 
their  weakness,  ministered  to  their  necessities,  aided  them  in  their 
difficulties,  and  fed  them  in  their  huiiger.  And  what  was  his  re- 
ward ?  Treachery  the  most  shameless,  and  ingratitude  the  most 
disgraceful,  which  blacken  the  annals  of  men. 

In  their  first  intercourse  with  the  generous,  simple-minded,  and 
confiding  Aborigines,  the  Puritans  commenced  their  well-estab- 
lished practices,  and  manifested  their  true  and  inhereiit  character. 
Then  they  began  I  hat  course  of  deceit,  duplicity  and  chicane,  which 
had  rendered  them  odious  in  the  Old  World,  and  which  was  to 
make  them  infamous  in  the  Nevr.  The  selfishness,  egotism,  arro- 
gance and  avarice,  which  had  characterized  theni  in  Europe,  mani- 
fested themselves  with  ecpial  or  increased  strength  in  America. 
The  lower  and  baser  passions  of  humanity  had  been  the  springs  of 
action  with  the  Purjtan ;  they  governed  the  conduct  of  the  Pil- 
grim;  they  have  descended  unimpaired,  aiid  in  full  force,  to  their 
posterity,  from  generation  to  generation,  and  arc  as  surely  the 
characteristic  of  the  Yankee  of  to-day,  as  they  were  of  his  pro- 
genitors in  the  seventeenth  century. 

Too  weak,  in  the  outset,  for  conflict  v/ith  the  Indians,  the  Puri- 
tans were  content,  for  the  time  being,  to  cheat,  to  overreach,  to 
defraud  tliem.     hi  tliis  thev  ea- ilv  succi^eded.  and  tliev.  and  their  de 


24      -  THE   CONFEDERATE. 

sceiidants,  have  made  this  nefarious  success  a  subject  of  self-gratu-- 
latioR,  and  cotnplacent  vain-gloring. 

With  the  same  spirit  of  brazen  effrontery  in  which  their  anccf?- 
tors  chiimed  "  all  the  religion  and  all  the  piety"  of  their  time ;  in  the 
the  same  unblushing  impudence  with  which  the  Yankees  of  the  pres-. 
ent  generation  ha^"!?  arrogated  to  themselves  "  all  the  decency  and  all 
the  morality"  of  the  country,  their  historians  detail  the  fraudulent 
transactions  of  the  Puritans,  and  exult  in  their  successful  chicanery. 
The  historians  6t'  the  Puritans,  and  their  Yankee  descendants,  tell 
us  that  "  the  Pilgrims  bought  the  lands  of  the  Indians,"  a,nd  specify 
the  amount  paid,  as,  "  a  bale  of  blankets,"  so  many  "  strings  of 
beads,"  so  many  "kegs  of  rum."  Stating  thus  the  vast  amoiliit 
df  lands  purchased,  in  tens,  and  tv/enties,  and  fifties  of  thousands 
of  acres,  and  the  trifling  value  of  the  recompense,  they  plume  them- 
selves upon  that  quality,  in  their  ancestors,  which  so  greatly 
abounds  in  themselves ;  a  quality  which,  in  their  peculiar  par- 
lance, they  name  "  cuteness,"  but  which  is  known  to  the  rest  of 
the  world  by  the  more  clear  and  explicit  denomination  of  fraud. 

In  these  very  statements,  however,  where  they  openly  glory  in  the 
shameful  dishon^'Sty  of  their  progenitors,  which,  by  a  peculiar 
moral  obliquity,  appears  to  be  praiseworthy  in  their  eyes — so 
natural,  so  constitutional,  so  innate,  is  mendacity  in  them — they 
do  not  tell  the  truth  ! 

What  did  the  'Puritans  buy  from  the  Indians,  and  what  did  the 
Indians  sell  1  What  possible  idea  had  an  Indian  of  the  exclusive 
character  of  title  to  land,  as  title  to  land  was  understood  in  Eu- 
rope ?  None  whatever.  lie  might  have,  and  did  have,  an  idea  of 
the  right  to  personal  property,  but  none  at  all  of  that  to  real  es- 
tate, lie  could,  and  did  sell,  or  exchange,  or  give,  his  skins,  his 
fish,  his  game,  his  hunting  implements,  or  his  robe  of  deerskins. 
These  he  had  caught,  or  killed,  or  made.  In  these  he  understood 
there  was  title,  property.  While  in  his  possession  they  were  his, 
exclusively,  and  no  one  had  any  right  to  them  but  himself,  ^'^"heu" 
he  sold  or  gave  them  into  the  possession  of  another,  ho  fully  com- 
prehended that  the  title,  the  property  in  them,  passed  away  from 
him  to  the  new  possessor.  lie  could  sell  them,  for  they  were  his  ; 
another  could  buy  them,  with  his  consent,  for,  being  his,  he  had  a 
right  to  di'-pose  of  them.  ^     , 


THE  CONFEDERATE.  25 

But  the  earth   belonged  to  the  Great  Spirit,    and  the  hunting 
grounds  were  lor  the  common  use  of  his  red  children. 

True,  these  hunting  grounds  were  divided  out,  by  imaginary 
boundaries,  amongst*  dilTerent  tribes,  and  one  tribe  was  not  allowed 
to  use  the  hunting  grounds  of  another  tribe.  This,  too,  the  Indians 
perfectly  understood,  but  even  this  gave  them  no  conception 
of  pi'operty  in  la^d,  even  by  a  tribe.  The  tribes  themselves  were 
not  stationary,  but  often  changed  their  hunting  grounds.  The  land 
was  wide,  the  population  small,  and  a  tribe,  in  removing,  took 
possession  of  unoccupied  hunting  grounds.  Even  the  division  of  the 
hunting  grounds  of  the  country  amongst  the  different  tribes  seems 
to  have  resulted  rather  from  the  fact  that  the  normal  state  of  all 
uncivilized  races  appears  to  be  that  of  war,  and  the  desire  of  all 
to  have  some  settled  and  specific  territory,  in  which  they  might, 
at  times,  consider  themselves  in  peace  and  in  safety  from  hostile 
efforts,  than  to  have  originated  in  any  idea  of  exclusive  possession. 
In  each  and  every  tribe  the  laud  was  held  in  common ;  no  one  pre- 
tended any  exclusive  title  to  any  portion  of  it.  The  habits  of  the 
Indians  were  unsettled  and  migratory.  Their  very  habitations, 
light,  bark  huts,  were  removable  at  pleasure.  They  could  be,  and 
often  were,  removed  every  few  days,  and  not  unfrequently  several 
times  the  same  day. 

I  repeat  it — the  Puritans  did  not  buy  the  title  to  the  land  from 
the  Indians,  for  the  Indians  never  sold  it.  It  is  absurd  to  say  that 
a  man  has  sold  what  he  never  dreamed  he  possessed,  and  no  Indian 
ever  fancied  that  he  had  any  peculiar  and  exclusive  individual  title 
to  any  land  wh^itever. 

What  the  Indians  sold  to  the  Puritans  was  the  right  to  occupy 
and  use  their  hunting  grounds  in  common  with  themselves.  This, 
and  no  more,  is  what  they  disposed  of  to  the  Puritans.  Had  they, 
for  one  moment,  supposed  that  they  were  then  giving  into  the 
hands  of  the  Puritans  a  power  by  which  they  would  themselves, 
at  a  future  time,  be  expelled  from  the  homes  of  their  infancy  and 
the  graves  of  their  fathers,  they  would  sooner  have  shed  the  last 
drop  of  their  blood  than  have  consummated  the  fatal  compact. 
They  proved  this  at  a  later  day,  but  it  was  then  too  late.  Their 
weak  and  suppliant  visitors  had  become  strong.     Every  ship  from 


26  THE    CONFEDERATE. 

the  East  brought  out  new  bands  of  adventurers,  and  soon  the  for- 
eigners were  too  strong  for  the  natives. 

Then,  strong  in  numbers,  and  stronger  still  in  the  advantage  of 
firearms,  the  Puritans  explained  to  the  Indians  the  full  mcanhig, 
and  the  consequences  of  what  had  been  done.  They  hjjid  been  too 
discreet,  too  "  cute,"  as  their  Yankee  successors  would  say,  to  be 
so  explicit  in  the  days  of  their  weakness  ;  but  now  they  gave  full 
sway  to  their  passions,  full  expression  to  their  intentions,  in  the 
excellent  day  of  their  power.  Nothing  could  exceed  the  aston- 
ishment, the  dismay,  the  indignation  of  the  Indians,  when  openly 
told  how  shamefully  they  had  been  overreached.  They  remon- 
strated, they  entreated,  but  in  vain.  Finally,  in  the  desperate  re- 
solve of  a  just  indignation,  they  flew  to  arms.  The  struggle  was 
a  doubtful  and  protracted  one,  but  gunpowder  finally  decided  it  in 
favor  of  the  Puritans.  The  Indians  were  hunted  down  like  wolves, 
shot  like  dogs,  scattered,  overthrown,  destroyed.  Brave  as  they 
were,  there  was  no  hope  of  success,  no  opening  for  escape.  They 
perished  by  multitudes,  by  tribes.  The  Puritans  carried  on  the 
war  against  the  Indians  as  they  alone,  or  their  descendants,  ever 
carried  on  war  in  modern  times. 

Suffice  to  say,  that  they  practised  upon  the  Indians  all  the  out- 
rages, all  the  cruelties,  and  the  barbarities,  which  have  ever  char- 
acterized savage  and  pagan  warfare. 

It  is,  probably,  not  too  much  to  say  that  the  original  provoca- 
tion to  the  hostilities  which  so  often  occurred,  was  in  every  case 
ottered  by  the  Puritans.  When  no  other  pretence  could  be  found 
for  making  war  upon  the  natives,  some  of  the  lowest  and  most 
degraded  of  the  Puritans  (for  as,  in  every  abyss  of  shame,  there 
is  still  a  lower  deep — so,  even  amongst  the  Puritans,  there  were 
some  more  debased  than  the  others,)  would  visit  the  homes  of  the 
Indians,  injure  or  steal  their  property,  insult  the  men  or  outrage 
the  females.  The  Indian,  like  all  noble  natures,  never  very  pa- 
tient of  injury  or  wrong,  suddenly  stung  to  madness,  very  often 
washed  out  the  injury  in  blood.  Then  the  Puritans  were  in  their 
element.  One  of  the  "Elect"  had  been  "murdered,"  and  un- 
sparing war  was  commenced  immediately  against  the  whole  tribe 
of  the  offender  against  the  majesty  of  Puritanism.  It  was  pur- 
sued with  inhuman  avidity,  and  the  most  remorseless  severity. 


THK   COIN i^'KDER ATE.  27 

The  tribe,  broken  and  scattered,  usually    removed  towards  the^ 
West.     Thus  was  tribe  after   tribe  cut  to  pieces,  aud  driven  from 
their  homes,  and  in  this  manner-did  the  Puritans  become  possessed 
of  many  and  large  additions  to  the  hunting  grounds  at  first  so  very 
honestly  purchased. 

Let  the  brief  history  of  one  tribe,  marked  by  no  unusual  or  pe- 
culiar  features  of  atrocity,  save  in  its  extensive  and  wholesale  char- 
acter, serve  as  an  example  of  tiic  Puritan  mode  of  dealing  with 
tlie  Indian  raee.  The  Pequods,  a  tribe  of  considerable  stretigth 
and  power,  stung,  no  doubt,  by  insult  and  outrage,  had  broken 
into  "rebellion.''  Ivcbellion  against  whom,  or  what?  Wfiat 
right  had  the  Puritans  there,  or  what  claim  had  they  on.  the  Pe- 
<]uods  to  obedience  or  submission  ?  But  this  word,  "  rebellion,"' 
was  a  favorite  appellation  witii  the  Puritans,  as  with  their  Yankee 
successors,  for  all  those  who  resisted  their  encroachments,  or  op- 
posed their  exactions.  So  the  Pequods  were  in  "  rebellion."  They 
assembled  their  forces  in  a  stronghold,  and  fortified  it  to  the  best 
of  their  limited  ability.  • 

This  rude  fort  was  protected  by  an  abattis  of  felled  trees,  the 
branches  turned  outward,  pointed  and  sharpened.  Here  the  Pe- 
quods assembled  their  whole  Ibrce,  and  made  their  last  stand  for 
independence,  and  existence  as  a  people.  Within  the  fort  were 
collected  their  families,  women  and  children,  and  all  their  little  of 
worldly  goods.  The  Puritan  forces,  under  Captain  Church,  soon 
came  upon  and  attacked  them.  The  defence  was  gallant  and  des- 
perate. At  last  firearms  again  triumphed  over  tlie  rude  weapons 
of  savage  war.  The  Puritans  stormed  the  fort,  mass£^cred  the  de- 
fenders, and,  setting  fire  to  the  wigwams,  burned  to  death  tlie  in- 
nocent and  the  guilty  (if  there  were  any  there  guilty  of  any  higher 
crime  than  warmly  loving,  and  boldly  defending,  their  country 
and  their  personal  liberty),  the  sick  and  the  well,  the  hale  and  the 
wounded,  old  and  young,  male  and  female,  man,  woman  and  child, 
in  one  general,  merciless  conflagration. 

Some  few  of  the  warriors,  with  the  wild  energy  of  desperation, 
broke  through  the  line  of  fire,  and  the  still  more  fatal  line  of  Pu- 
ritan  muskets,  and  made  their  escape  to  the  neighboring  tribes ;  ' 
but  the  Pequod  tribe  was  destroyed  ;  it  is  never  heard  of  more  as 
II  nation. 


28  THE   CONFEDERATE. 

A  few  prisoners,  old  men,  women  and  children,  taken  captive, 
were  sold  into  slavery. 

Thus  the  Puritans  had  the  credit  of  inaugurating  Indian  slavery 
on  this  continent,  as  well  as  that  of  being  the  chief  promoters  of, 
and  principal  actors  in,  negro  slavery  and  the  slave  trade.  "  Honor 
to  whom  honor  is  due  !  "  Let  us  not  deny  them  their  just  claim- 
to  these  two  eminent  distinctions. 

Did  an  Indian  chieftain  of  miarked  ability  cross   the  designs  of 
the  Puritans,  he  was  disposed  of  with  equal  flicility,  and  equal  in- 
difference to  all  the  dictates  of  justice  and  morality.     King  Philip, 
of  Mount  Hope,  was  one  of  these.     He  v/as,  if  I  remember  aright, 
the  son  of  one  who  had  loaded  them  with  benefits.     But  he  would 
not  stoop  to  Puritan  sway,  and  he  was  doomed.     Unable  to  con- 
quer him  in  fair  battle,  or  to  capture  him,    they   resorted  to  the 
blackest  treachery  and  crime  to  accomplish  the  still  greater  crime 
of  his  destructijon.     King  Philip  had  a  dear  friend,  called  Sassacus. 
Sassacus  had  also  another  friend,  to  whom  he  was  much  attached. 
The  Puritans  caused  this  friend  of  Sassacus  to  be  assassinated,  and 
charged  King  Philip  with  the  crime.     By  false  and  lying  testimony, 
they  convinced  Sassacus  of  the  truth  of  this  villainous  slander  of 
King  Philip,  and  stimulated   his   natural   passion  for  revenge  by 
bribes   and  threats.     Eevenge  is  considered  a  virtue  by  an  Indian, 
and  Sassacus  consented  to  murder  King  Philip.     By  revealing  the 
haunts,  habits,  and  customs  of  King  Philip,  and  by  betraying,  with 
the  basest  treachery,  all  the  secrets  which  had  been  communicated 
to  him  in  the  openness  of  confiding  friendship,  after  much   time 
had  elapsed,  and  great  efforts  had   been  made,  the  Puritans  sur- 
rounded King  Philip  in  a  swamp,  and  there  he  fell,  fighting  nobly 
to  the  last,  by  a  ball  from  the  hand  of  Sassacus.     In  a  short  time 
Sassacus,  himself,  was  assassinated,  and  surely,  under  the  peculiar 
circumstances,  it  argues  no  great  want  of  charity  to  believe,  as  1 
do.  believe;  that  he,  too,  was  murdered  by  the  Puritans.     The  wife 
of  King  Philip,  and  his  infant  son,  were   captured  by  his  Puritan 
enemies,  and  both — the  one  a  prince,  and  the  other  the  daughter 
and  mother  of  a  prince,  and  the  wife,  or  rather  the  widow,  of  a 
king,  were  promptly  sold,  by  these   mild,  charitable,   forgiving, 
Christian  Puritans,  into  life-long  slavery  in  the  West  Indies. 

The  fate  of  the  remnant,   the   small  fragment,   of   the  Indian 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  2*^ 

tribes  who  cscapcKl  dcnth  on  tlio  battle  rield,  and  slavery,  nnd  who, 
instead  of  fleehig  to  the  wilderness  of  the  West,  remained  within  ^ 
the  limits  of  Puritandom,  was  scarcely  less  melancholy,  and  far 
less  reputable.  Without  home,  tribe,  or  occupation,  they  wan- 
dered about  in  listless  apathy,  and  soon  became  worthless  vaga- 
bonds. By  associating  with  the  white,  they  lost  all  the  virtues  of  J 
the  red  man,  and  soon  acquired,  in  great  perfection,  all  the  vice;-, 
of  the  Puritan — all  save  one.  In  lying  they  could  never  even  a|v 
proach  their  great  exemplars.  The  Puritans  supplied  them  freely 
with  rum,  and  the  lire-water  soon  completed  their  utter  degra- 
dation. 

They  became  the  fictims  of  new  and  unknown  diseases,  con- 
tracted by  their  association  with  the  Puritans,  but  never  seen*  or 
heard  of  by  their  ov/n  people. 

They  wasted  away,  and  finally  perished   from  the    earth.     Not 
two  centuries  had  elapsed  from  the  landing  of  the    Pilgrims,  and 
the  Indian  race  was  extinct  in  New  England.     They  were  dead,  in* 
slavery,  or  gone  far  towards*  the  setting  sun,  so  apt  an  emblem  of 
the  fate  of  their  race. 

The  Puritans  could,  no  doubt,  easily  justify  themselves  for  all 
these  enormities,  by  a  few  texts  from  the  Old  Testament ;  such, 
for  example,  as,  "And  Asael  arose  and  executed  judgment;" 
*•  Slay  the  heathen  with  the  edge  of  the  sword  ;  "  or,  "  Plew  Agag 
in  pieces  before  the  Lord ;  "  and  their  worthy  successors  can  even 
fiiid  cause  of  laudation  in  such  devilish  deeds ;  but  history  and 
posterity,  will,  and  have,  reversed  this  judgment,  and  will  yet 
hold  the  character  and  conduct  of  the  Puritans  up  to  a  sterner 
test,  and  before  a  more  equitable  and  more  august  audience  than 
that  of  their  own  pliant  conscience,  or  that  of  their  complaisant 
descendants. 


THE   CONFEDERATE 


Nt).    5. 


WniLE  siich,  and  so  ineflably  iiinimons,  had  boon  the  conduct  of 
the  Pin-itans  toward  the  Indians,  let  ns  examine  what  was  its 
€l)aracter  to  each  other,  and  towards  the  rest  of  their  Own  race. 
Even  at  the  very  outset  of  their  career,  while  scheming,  intriguing, 
and  overreaching  tlie  Indians  for  the  possession  of  the  soil,  they 
were  quarreling  and  striving  fiercely  amongst  themselves  for  the 
attainment  of  political  power,  and  religious  domination. 

No  sooner  had  these  poor,  honest,  charitable  and  philanthropic 
exiles— these  virtuous  refugees  from  oppression  and  persecution-— 
these  sturdy  sticklers  for  entire  political  and  religious  freedom 
and  equality — found  the  time  and  the  place  where  they  held  the 
supremacy,  than  they,  at  once,  proceeded  to  enact  laws  of  terrible 
severity  against  all  wdio  presumed  to  differ*  with  them  in  creed  or 
in  practice. 

The  Puritans  attempted,  and  that  most  faithfully,  to  establish  a 
government  upon  the  purest  theocratic  regulations,  with  them- 
selves as  the  high  priests  and  the  rulers. 

Every  one  was  required  to  conform  his  belief  to  the  require- 
ments of  the  Puritan  creed,  and  to  square  his  conduct  by  the  Puri- 
tan code  of  morals  and  of  manners.  EveVy  individual  was  compelled, 
by  their  laws,  to  a  prompt  and  regular  attendance  at  their  places 
of- worship.  Absence  from  the  meeting  house,  and  the  usual 
ministrations  there,  was  readily  Construed  into  heresy,  the  punish- 
ment for  which  offence  was  most  prompt  and  severe,-  embracing, 
as  it  did,  public  reprimand  and  open  rebuke,  fine,  imprisonment, 
the  pillory  and  the  stocks,  with  a  very  intelligible  indication  of  an 
ultimate  resort,  in  case  of  persistent  contumacy,  to  the  stake  or 
the  gibbet.  Under  the  pressure  of  arguniijnts  so  conclusive,  and 
so  potent,  the  attendance  of  the   Puritan  societies  upon  the  minis- 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  31 

trations  of  their  "  pastors,"'  in  tiic  "  Sanctuary,"  aixl  on  the  "  iSab- 
bath  day"  especially,  was  most  satisfactory  and  exemplary. 

All  attended  upon  these  religious  ministrations,  foi-  if  the  love 
of  God  did  not  draw,  the  fear  of  man  drove   them  tliore.     Of  the 
character  of  those  ministrations,  it  is  sufficientto  say  thai  they  con- 
sisted chiefly  of  lono;  prayers,  and  lonc^cr  sermons.     The  nature  of 
these  sermons  may,  in  some   measure  be  estimated  from  the  fact 
that,  the  13ible  having  been  exclude/l  from    their   pulpits,  as  too 
much  like  the  church,  the  preacher  selected,  at  his  pleasure,  some 
isolated  passage  of  Scripture,  and  made  this  text  the — at  least  pro- 
fessed— subject  and  foundation  of  his  long   discourse.     Tlii^  text 
lie  explained,  enlarged  upon,    twisted  or  perverted,    according  to 
his  own  fancy,  his  passions,  his  prejudices,   or  his  general    fanati- 
cism ;  generally  ">  improving  the  occasion  "  by  a  fulsome  laudation 
of  his  own  creed  and  his  own  particular  sect,  or  his  own  special 
congregation,  and  a  fierce  and  bitter  denunciation  of  all  the  world 
besides,  and  anathematizing  them  with  all  the  ills  and  all  the  woes 
his  memory  could  retain,  or  his  imagination  conjure  up,  both  here 
and  hereafter,  for  time  and  for  eternity.     In ''civil   affairs    Puritan 
rule  was  no  less  exacting  or  severe.     All  heretics.  By  which  tei'm 
they  modestly  designated  all  the  world  outside    the  pale  of  their 
own  bigoted  sect,  were  wholly  ^excluded  from  "  all  offices  of  honor, 
profit  or  trust."     Nay,  inore,  the  very    employment  of  such  un- 
hallowed persons,  even  in  the  most  menial  capacity,  as  a  day  la- 
borer, as  a  servant,  as  a  household  drudge,  was  fiercely  denounced, 
and   strictly    forbidden.     In  politics  and  in  religion,  the    Puritan 
must  needs  be  supreme.     The  earth  was  the  Lord's — the  Puritans, 
the  Elect,  the  Saints,  were  the  children  of  the  Lord  and,  of  course, 
entitled  to  the  possession  and  sovereignty  of  the  earth.     No  oth- 
ers had  any  rights  whatever,  personal,  political  or   religious.     In- 
deed, how  was  it  possible,  in  the  nature  of  things,  that  they  should 
have  any  right  at  all,  even    the  right  of  existence  1     Were  they 
not,  in  very  truth,   the   children  of  Belial  2     Having  speedily  es- 
tablished matters  on  this  comfortable  and  satisfactory  footing,  the 
Puritans  soon  took   another  step.     They  were  then,  as  now,  a  na- 
tion of  progress.     Having  then,  as  in  more  recent  times,  secured 
all,  and  more  than  all,  which  was  their  own,    they   began  to  look, 
about  thcin  to  see  what  they  could  steal  oji*  rob  irom  others. 


32  THE   CONFEDERATE. 

In  this  qufest  their  peculiar  character,  and  the  skill  acc[uired 
from  long  and  successful  practice  in  chicane,  soon  insured  them 
signal  success  Having,  robbed  the  Indians  of  their  land,  they  be- 
gan to  rob  each  other.  Soon  they  robbed  Roger  Williams  and  his 
followers  of  their  possessions,  and,  by  persecution,  drove  them  into 
exile.  Delighted  with  their  success,  and  intoxicated  with  the  lux- 
urious flavor  of  this  taste  of  persecution,  they  turned  their  atten- 
tion to  the  Quakers.  The  mild  and  peaceable  lives  of  this  quiet 
sect,  their  meek,  subdued,%nd  orderly  manners,  their  strict  moral- 
ity, and  their  undoubted  integrity,  v»^ere  no  recommendation,  in  the 
eyes  of  the  saintly  Puritans,  and  afforded  them  no  protection.  They 
were  expelled,  banished,  driven  out  from  the  society  of  the  meek,, 
mild,  charitable  and  compassionate  Puritans,  as  though  they  had 
been  attainted  and  convicted  felons.  Nay,  more — these  immacu- 
late Saints,  these  Christians  par  excellence,  these  Chosen  and  Elect, 
who  had  but  a  short  time  ago  been  so  loud,  so  vociferous,  and  so 
vehement,  in  their  outcries  against  persecution — proceeded,  forth- 
with, to  the  enactment  of  certain  wise,  salutary,  humane,  and  phi-; 
lanthropic  laws  in  bejialf  of  the  Quakers.  By  these  laws,  it  was 
decreed  that  in  case  of  the  return  of  a  banished  Quaker,  he  should 
be  branded  with  the  letter  "  H,"  as  a  heretic  ;  if  he  attempted  to 
preach  or  promulgate  his  religious  opinions,  that  he  should  have 
his  tongue  bored  through  with  a  red  hot  iron ;  and  finally,  that 
for  the  second  offence,  he  should  be  hanged  !  This,  be  it  distinctly 
understood,  was  to  be  done  solely  on  account  of  his  religious  creed, 
for  neither  the  false-hearted  Puritans  nor  his  lying  descendants,  the 
Yankees,  have  ever  alleged  any  other  crime  against  them.  These 
brutal,  and  worse  than  savage  laws  were  enacted,  and  in  some  cases, 
wherever  opportunity  offered,  enforced,  by  those  zealous  advocates, 
those  devoted  apostles  of,  and  those  self-sacrificing  exiles  and  mar- 
tyrs to,  the  doctrine  and  principle  of  "  perfect  independence -in  reli- 
gion, and  entire  freedom  of  conscience  "  !  Oh  !  shame,  where  is 
thy  blush  1  The  Puritans,  not  content  to  rule  in  all  civil  and  reli- 
gious matters,  soon  proceeded  to  interfere  with,  and  legislate  for, 
the  direction  of  private  conduct  and  domestic  affairs.  Like  their 
Yankee  descendants,  they  were  all  meddlers  and  busy-bodies. 

The  "  Saybrook  Platform,"  the  old  "  Blue  Laws  of  Connecti- 
cut,"  remam  to  this  day,  a  monument  of  the  bigotry,  folly  and  in- 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  33  • 

tolerance  of  the  Puritan,  a,nd  an  object  of  scorn,  of  ridicule  and 
contempt,  to  all  the  world.  It  is  enough  to  say  of  them,  Ihat  they 
proscribed  all  the  natural  affections,  and  forbade  every  manifesto. - 
tioh  of  them,  however  harmless  and  innocent.  As  an  example,  "  a 
man  was  fined  for  kissing  his  wife,  on  his  return  from. a  long  and 
dangerous  sea  voyage,"  and  narrowly  escaped  the  whipping-post — 
the  latter  ailliir  being  in  a  most  especial  maimer  a  Puritan  "  institu- 
tion." All  traveling  on  the  "  Sabbath"  was  strictl}^  prohibited,  and 
the  prohibition  as  strictly  enforced.  No  matter  how  urgent  the 
necessity,  or  how  terril)lo  the  reason  for  traveling,  on  the  "  Sab- 
bath," it  must  cease.  Though  the  parent  were  flying  to  the  sick  or 
dying  bed  of  the  child,  or  the  husband  to  that  of  the  wife,  if  a  "Sab- 
bath "  intervened  ere  the  goal  was  reached',  the  afllicted  traveler 
and  the  suffering  patient  were  separated  by  a  chasm  as  impassable  ns 
the  gulf  which  yawned  between  Abraham  and  Dives.  Even  in 
sight  of  the  very  house  containing  the  sick,  or  the  dying,  the  ago- 
nized traveler  could  not  move  a  step  until  "  sundown  "  had  indi- 
cated the  close  of  the  Puritan  "Sabbath,"  though,  in  the  mean- 
time, the  sick  one,  whether  father  or  mother,  son  or  daughter, 
brother  or  sister,  husband  or  wife,  breathed  existence  away,  and 
passed,  unseeing,  and  unseen  by  the  loved  one,  though  so  near, 
through  the  shadow  of  the  dark  valley. 

At  i^  loss  how  further  to  annoy  and  harass  humanity,  the  Puri- 
tans happily  fell  upon  the  notable  device  of  Witchcraft.  This 
afforded  a  glorious  field  for  the  display  of  Puritan  intolerance, 
bigQtry,  malignity  and  cruelty,  and  for  a  considerable  time  they 
flourialied  and  luxuriated  in  it  without  stint  or  limit. 

If  I  do  not  err,  the  Puritans  may  justly  claim  all  the  credit  of 
having  been  the  first  to  commit  murder,  in  Europe,  on  the  plea  of 
witchcraft;  it  is  certain  they  inaugurated  it  on  this  continent, 
where  they  were  the  first,  and  only  persons,  who  ever  burned 
witches,  as  they  were  the  last  in  this  country,  as  well  as  the  last 
in  Christendom,  to  discontinue  the  atrocity.  Lest  some  few  of 
my  readers  may  not  fully  remember,  or  comprehend,  what  is 
meant  by  witchcraft,  in  the  Puritan  sense  of  the  wgrd,  I  shall,  in 
as  brief  terms  as  possible,  endeavor  to  explain  it,  as  it  appeared 
in  New  England.  •  There  is  usually,  in  almost  every  community, 
one   or  more   poor,  innocent,   harmless,  but  helpless  old  woman. 


. 34  THE  CONFEDERATE. 

M-lio.    haviiijj^    survived    all  of   her   cotemporarics,  is  unconnected 
with  any  immediate  relatives,  and  usually  lives  alone.     Now,  in 
Puritan  times,  such  old  women,  so  situated,   were  not  uncommon. 
Some  weak  and  sickly  ciiild*  from  the  peevishness  of  illness,  from 
a  naturally  malicious   disposition,  or  prompted  by  blder  persons, 
would  have,  or  pretend  to  have,  fit^,  spasms,  convulsions,  and  b^'- 
mu:  interroirated,  would  name  one  of  these  unfortunate  old  women, 
and  charge  her  with  being  the  cause  of  this   suffering,  and  with 
having  bewitched  him.     The  poor   old  woman  was   instantly  ar- 
rested. '  Removed  from  her  melancholy  home,  where,  in  all  prob- 
abillt}-,  she  was  passing  away  the  waning  hours  of  her    harmless 
*and  helpless  life  in  sorrowful  meditation  upon  the  evanescent  char- 
acter of  all  human   happiness,  or  speculations  on  the  mysteries  of 
that  unknown  world  to  which  she   must  soon   depart.     She  was 
hurried  before  her  accusers,  and  at  the  same  time  her  judges.    The 
pious  conclave — the  Pastor  and  the  Elders — assembled  rapidly  as 
the  vultures  at  the  scent  of  blood,  gravely   inform  her  that  she  is 
accused  of  witelieraft.     Of  course,  she  promptly  denies  the  charge. 
But  this  is  all  she  can  do.     From  the  absurdity  of  the  charge,  and 
the  intangibility  of  evidence  in  such  a  case,  t^e  charge  can  neither 
bo  proved  nor  disproved.     And  here,  with  her  denial,  one  would 
suppose  the  matter  would  end  by  the  dismissal   of  the  poor  crea- 
ture, in  peace,  to  her  home.     Nothing  of  the  kind.     All  ho^nor  to 
the  Puritans !     They  had  discovered  an  infallible  method  of  detect- 
ing a  witch.     Where  reason,  logi(*,  and  common   sense,    wholly 
failed,  they  met  with  magnificent  success.'    By  a  method,  the  wis- 
dom and  originality  of  which  is  all  their  own,  and  for  whose  mild- 
ness, gentleness  and  humanity,  tiiey  may  justly  claim  all  the  credit 
and  all  the  glory,  they  were  enabled  to  put  the  question  of  witch- 
craft  beyond  all   doubt  or  cavil.     This  brilliant   discovery  was 
practised  in  the  following  manner : 

They  tied  the  old  woman,  accused  of  witchcrafl,  hand  and  foot, 
and  plunged  her  headlong  into  deep  water  ! 

If  she  sank,  she  was  innocent— but  in  that  case  she  was  drowned ; 
if  she  swam,  she  was  guilty— and  thereupon  she  was  burned  !  In 
either  case,  whether  innocent  or  guilty,  she  was  sure  to  perish.  To 
be  accused  of  witchcraft  wa^,  to  the  old  and  helpless,  death  ;  and 
this    wanton   wasting    of   human    life    was    occasioned    by  the 


THE   CONFEDERATE,  ,        35 

malioc  of  n  vindictive  brat,  the  only   noUcc  of  \vho.sc   accusation 
shoukl  have  been  a  somid  Hogging,  and  the  ignorance,  bigotry  and 
superstitious  cruelty  ot  Pastors  and  Elders,  to  whom  justice  would 
have  awarded  the  halter.     This  madness  made  its  first  appearancto 
in  Salem,  in  the  State  of  Massachusetts,  a  State   which  has   been 
the  hotbed,  from  that  day  till  now,  of  every  grovelling   supersti- 
tion, and  every  fanatical  creed,  and  every  bigoted  sect,  which  have 
vexed  and  disgraced  humanity.     Tiu.'  madness,  however,  was  not 
confined  to  Salem,  nor  even  to  Massachusetts.  •  The  taste  of  the 
Puritan  for  persecution  w^as   too  strong,  his  enjoyment  of  human 
suflering,  find  the  shedding  of  human  blood,  too    keen,  for  witch- 
craft to  be  <ionfmed  to  such  narrow   limits.     It   spread  like  wild- 
fire over  all  the  domain   of  the   Pifiitans.     While  only  the  poor 
and  the  lowly  sufix?red,  its  progress  was  onward,  and  its  desolating 
career  unopposed.    Pastors  and  Elders  swam  with  the  tide.    Even 
Cotton    Mather,  the  Magnus   Apollo  of  the   Yankees,  of  whose 
Earning,  eloquence  and  piety  they  so  loudly  boast,  was  one  of  the 
witch-hunters   and   wdtch-burners.  '  At  last  those  gifted  children 
who  pointed  out  the  witches,  grown  bolder  by  impunity,  designa- 
ted some  of  the  Elders   and   Pastors  as  the  wicked    witches,  or 
wizards,  who  tormented  them.     This  was  going   too  for,  and  the 
step  proved  fatal  to  witchcraft.^  The  sacred  caste  had    been  at- 
tacked, and  it  rallied,  en  masse,  for  the  destruction  of  the  enemy. 
Witchcraft   was  declared,    by  the  Pastors,  to  be  absurd,  and  the 
stories  of   the  afflicted   children  incredible.     The   children  were 
soundly   beaten,  their   abettors   punished,    and  witchcraft   disap- 
peared from  the  world.     To  New  England,  however,  belongs  the 
distinguished  honor  of  having   affordod    witchcraft  its  last  resting 
place  on  earth.     There  it  spread  more  rapidly,  ravaged  more  ex- 
tcTisively,  and  continued  longer  and  more  persistently,  than  in  any 
other  land.     There  it  held  its  last  grand  carnival  of  grief  and  suf- 
fering, of  agony  and  blood. 

The  ultimate  existence,  the  last  struggle,  the  final  triumph,  of 
witchcraft,  were  all  reserved  to  grace,  in  an  appropriate  manner, 
with  their  waning  glories,  the  favored  land  of  the  Puritan. 

I  have  now  finished  my  sketch  of  the  character  and  history  of 
the  progenitors  of  our  present  Abolition  enemies,  under  the  sev- 
eral names  of  Independents,  Puritans  and  Pilgrims.     I  have  shown 


'66  'hij:  cuA^DijKKArE. 

wlin^,  they  have  done,  by  t  lie  records  of  the  past,  hy  which  wo  may 
fairly  judge  what  they  will  do  in  the  future,  should  their  power 
ever  suffice  to  carry  out  their  intentions.  I  have  little  I'urthcr  to 
say  of  them,  until  the  time  of  the  American  licvolution,  when, 
and  subsequent  to  Vv'hich,  the  conduct  and  character  of  their  de- 
scendants— whom,  merging  all  other  nanies,  I  shall  hereafter  des- 
ignate solely  as  Yankee  Al:)0'litionists — will  require,  and  shall  re- 
ceive, my  special  attention. 

Of  the  Puritans,  from  the  days  of  witchcraft  to  the  Revolution, 
it  will  be  sufficient  to  say  that  their  conduct,  under  all  circum- 
stances, was  characteristic  and  consistent,  and  just  whs*,  judging 
from  their  previous  career,  we  should  naturally  look  fpr  in  such  a 
people.  Their  actions,  in  every  relation  in  life,  both  amongst 
themselves  and  in  their  intercourse  with  others,  continued,  al- 
ways, marked  by  the  same  ignoble  cunning,  the  same  di^iingenu- 
ousness,  the  same  intense  selfishness,  and  the  same  total  disregard 
of  the  rights  of  others,  which  have  been  the  marked  charactef- 
istic^  of  the  Puritan  race  in  alt  their  preceding  history. 


•THE    CONFEDERATE. 


TSTo.  6. 


We  have  now  traced  the  histor}^  and  the  conduct  of  the  ances- 
tors of  our  Abolition  enemies  down  to  the  era  of  the  Revolution. 
The  descendants  of  these  execrable  progenitors  had  at  that  period 
become  known,  and  arc  still  known,  all  over  the  world  by  the 
name  of  Yankees — a  name  now  become  synonymous  with  trick- 
ster and  cheat,  and  infamous  wherever  loiown,  under  the  wide  can- 
opy of  heaven.  They  caused  the  outbreak  of  the  American  Rev- 
olution, as  their  sires  had  that  of  England.  In  precipitating  this 
revolution  they,  as  their  forefathers  had  done,  made  loud  profes- 
sions of  pure  principle,  and  lofty,  patriotic  feelings.  But  we  know 
them  better  now,  and  distrust  their  fair  pretensions.  We  have 
learned,  by  experience,  that  whenever  the  Yankees  are  loudest  in 
their  professions  of  disinterested  and  pure  motives,  then  we  must 
look  most  closely  for  actions  springing  from,  and  controlled  by, 
the  grossest  cupidity  and  selfishness.  They  have  taught  us  that 
their  most  lofty  professions  of  pure  intentions,  and  magnanimous 
principles,  are  the  invariable  precursors  of  some  base  action ;  that 
when  they  announce  theii;  conduct  as  the  result  of  upright  and 
lionorablc  impulses,  we  are  to  suspect  them  strongly  of  selfish 
motives  and  sinister  intentions.  In  this  manner,  and  in  this  man- 
ner only,  can  we  judge  them  correctly,  and  do  ourselves  justice. 

The  Yankees  brought  on  the  war  by  their  resistance  to  the  pay- 
ment of  a  tax  on  stamped  paper,  and  afterwards  upon  tea.  They 
professed  that  the  tax  was  as  nothing  in  their  eyes,  but  it  was  the 
"  principle !  "  "  Taxation,"  said  !hey,  "  without  representation,  is 
tyranny,"  and  we  are  resolved  to  resist  that  tyranny.  The  pro- 
fession was  specious,  and  the  principle  stated  in  the  maxim  true 
enough.  Still  I,  for  one,  cannot  give  full  credence  to  this  Yankee 
profession.     Judging  by  the  past  history  of  their  fathers,  and  the 


38  THE   CONFEDEKATE. 

subsequent  history  of  themselves,  I  am  compelled  to  (l<Aibt  them, 
and  to  receive  their  statement  cum  grano  .sails.  Knowing  the  un- 
bounded adoration  then,  and  ever  since,  paid  by  them  to  the  "  Al- 
mighty Dollar,"  the  depth  of  their  dcvoiion  to  and  their  ^edulous 
v/orsliip  at  tlio  shrine  of  Mammon,  I  am  compelled  to  suspect  the 
purity  of  their  very  plausible   professions,  and  to  suspect  that  iii- 

■  terest  had  more  influence  upon  their  conduct  than  principle  ;  in  a 
vk^ord,  I  am  forced  to  the  conclusion  that  their  determined  resist- 
ance was  rather  the  result  of  an  unwillingness  to  loosen  their 
purse-strings  than  an  ardent  attachment  to  liberty,  and  an  unself- 

.  ish  devotion  to  the  cause  of  human  rights  and  political  independ- 
ence. This  conclusion  is  foiced  upon  me  the  more  irresistibly, 
because  their  pecuniary  interests,  at  the  time,  were  involved  in 
the  question  of  political  freedom,  and  that  the  only  mode  left  for 
them,  by  which  to  save  their  money,  was  to  advocate  and  support 
the  cause  of  liberty  ;  and  still  further  than  this,  in  no  instance, 
cither  before  or  since,  which  I  can  recollect,  have  the  Yankees  ever 
manifested  any  very  warrii  or  zealous  interest  in  the  cause  o'f  lib- 
erty, unless  that  cause  contributed,  in  some  manner,  to  their  own 
emolument  and  advantage.  But  the  Yankees  succeeded  in  their 
intentions.  , 

Boston  Harbor  was  blockaded.  The  Southern  colonies  accepted 
the  plausible  professions  of  the  Yankees  as  the  true  expression  of 
their  sentiments.  At  all  events,  the  doctrine  of  the  Yankees,  as 
contained  in  the  maxim  of  Otis,  already  quoted,  was  true ;  it  met 
the  approbation  of  the  Southerners ;  they  sympathised  with  the 
Yankees  in  their  privations  and  sufferings,  embraced  their  party, 
made  common  cause  with  them  against  Great  Britain,  joined  freely 
in  the  struggle,  and  after  an  eight  years'  war,  succeeded  in  win- 
ning independence  for  the  Yankees,  and,  as  they  supposed,  for 
themselves.  The  Yankees,  true  to  their  instincts,  and  the  princi- 
ples imparted  by  sire  to  son  for  ten  generations,  have  repaid  them 
with  characteristic  ingratitude !  Here  I  must  beg  leave  to  remark 
that,  by  the  word  Yankee,  I  do  not  confine  myself  to  the  inhabi- 
tants of  the  New  England  States,  for  I  include  all  who  emigrated 
to  the  Abolition  States,  and  the  natives  of  all  places  where  their 
principles  have  extended  and  their  doctrines  and  practices  been 
adopted.     Nor    do  T  include  in  the    term,    as  I  use  it,  as  one  of 


THE    CONFEDERATE.  39 

shcame  and  reproach,  those   wlio,  although  born  in  New  England, 
are  free  from  the  vices  and   ianaticism  of  the  land  of  their  birth. 
There  have  been  many  good  and  worthy  men  born  oven  in  New 
England,  else  had  she,  long  since,  met  the  fote  of  Sodom  and  Go-, 
morrah  !     Many  of  these  nol)le  men   are  fighting  gallantly,  in  our 
ranks,  for  Southern  independence  ;  of  course  I  do  not  mean  these. 
By   Yanlvce  I  meiwi  a  bigot,  a  fanatic,  and  an  Abolitionist,  bo  he 
born  where  he  may,  and  I  call  him  Yankee,    in  the   opprobrious 
sense  of  the  word,  because  Yankeeland  was  the  hotbed  from  which 
the  vile  fanaticism  sprang,  and  the  greater  part  of  its  children  are 
the  propagandists  of  the  fant^ical  doctrine.     In   my  usa^re  of  the 
term,  a  man  of  Southern  feeling,  actuated  by  Southern  principles, 
is  a  Southerner,  and  an  Abolitionist  is  a  Yankee — be  they   born 
where   they   may.     In  this  connection,   permit  me  to  say  a  few- 
words  upon  Abolition  and  the  slave  trade.     Thirty  years  ao-o,  in 
a  public  address  made  in  a  Northern  college,  in  the  early  history 
of  Abolitionism,  I  stated    "  that  the  Abolitionists  were  the  legiti- 
mate, or  at  least  lineal,   descendants  of  those  who  had  stolen  the 
negroes  from  Africa,  and  sold  them  to  our  ancestors  in  the  South, 
and  that  they,  these  descendants,    would,  if  they  ever  had  the  op- 
portunity, steal  them  anew  and  sell  them  over   again."     The  his- 
tory of  the  present  war  has  amply  verified  my  assertion. 

The  English  nation,  which  has  since,  like  the  Yankees,  run  mad 
on  the  subject  of  slavery,  was  the  first  to  fasten  it  upon  the 
Southern  colonies,  by  force,  despite  their  opposition,  entreaties 
and  remonstrances. 

At  first  the  English  were  the  great  purveyors  of  slaves  for  the 
Southern  colonies,  but  they  were  soon  rivalled  and  outstripped,  in 
this  infamous   contest   for  gold,    by  the  Yankees.     -Hundreds  of 
Yankee  ships,  with  entire  Yankee  crews,    sailed  for    the  coast  of 
Africa,  and,  on  their  return,  brought  back  hundreds  of  thousands 
of  the  Africans  they  had   bought,  or  stolen,  to  the  planters  of  the 
South.     Wilbcrforce  and  his  fanatical  followers,  in  their    terrible 
descriptions  of  the  horrors  of  "  t#c  middle  passage,"  arc  silent  as 
to  the  share  the  English  had  in  these  atrocities     The  Yankee  senti- 
mentalists, who  have  gloried  in  their  descriptions  of  the  awful  na- 
ture  of  this   "  middle  passage,"   and  have  painted  it  in  the  most 
direful  colors,  alike  ignore  the   share   taken  by  their   ancestors. 


40  -THE  CONFEDERATE. 

They  carefully  avoid  the  truth,  as  usual.  One  would  suppose, 
in  reading  their  wild  ravings,  that  the  slave  trade  had  been  carried  " 
on  by  Southerners  alone,  and  that  the  hands  of  their  progenitors 
were,  in  this  matter,  "clean  every  whit."  They  fraudulently  omit 
to  state,  what  is  the  real  truth,  that,  so  41ir  as  the  colonies  were 
concerned,  the  slave  trade  was  carried  on  by  Yankee  capital,  by 
Yankee  sailors  and  by  Yankee  bottoms,  alone.*  They  studious- 
ly refrain  from  admitting  another  fact,  equally  true  and  incon- 
trovertible, which  is,  thjit  all  the  "  horrors  of  the  middle  passage," 
^hich  so  afflict  their  delicate  sensibilities,  arose  from  the  grasping 
avarice  and  relentlegs  cruelty  of  their  Yankee  forefathers.  The 
Yankee  slave  tradeis,  with  characteristic  avarice  and  inhumanity, 
allowed  to  the  poor  negroes  subjected  to  their  coittrol  the  very 
narrowest  amount  of  space  which  could  contain  the  humam  frame, 
and  the  very  least  modicum  of  air,  water,  and  food,  which  could 
support  human 'life,  and  this  even  when  crossing  "the  Line!" 
Thence,  and  thence  alone,  arose  all  the  unnecessary  sufferings,  all 
the  revolting  "  horrors  of  the  m.iddle  passage."     Fiat  justicia  ! 

When,  after  the  acknowledgement  of  the  independence  of  the 
United  States,  Congress  passed  an  act  for  the  suppression  of  the 
slave  trade,  the  Yankees,  still  deeply  interested  in  the  traffic,  by 
their  entreaties  and  their  influence  succeeded  in  suspending  its 
operation  for  some  ten  years — from  179S  to  180S.  So  much  for 
Yankee  history  in  connection  with  the  slave  trade ;  and  now,  hav- 
ing placed  them  right  upon  the  record,  I  must  return  to  the  begin- 
ning of  the  national  history  of  the  United  States,  from  which  I 
have  been  led  away  by  this  digression  relative  to  slavery,  and  ex- 
amine into  the  conduct  and  character  of  the  Yankees,  from  that  pe- 
riod to  the  disruption  of  the  old  Union,  and  in  fact,  up  to  the  pres- 
ent time.  We  shall  find,  in  this  examination,  much  food  for  re- 
flection, and  many  items  of  information  and  instruction,  which,  if 
well  considered  and  properly  improved,  may  be  of  great  sei'vice 
to  us  in  the  future,  by  pointing  out^  to  us  the  hidden  dangers,  the 
shoals,  and  the  quicksands  of  th^past.  By  properly  heeding  these 
beacons  of  experience,  our  new  organization  may,  haply,  escape 
the  dangers  and  difficulties  which  have  rent  the  old. 

The  Yankees,  having  succeeded  in  suspending,  or  postponing, 
the  operation  of  the  law  for  the  suppression  of  the   slave  trade 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  41 

plunged  into  ihao  traffic  with  renewed  energy,  and  redoubled  dili- 
gence. The  ueean  "was  whitened  by  the  canvass  of  Yankee  ships, 
bearing  their  cargoes,  by  thousands  and  hundreds  of  thousands, . 
to  tlie  markets  of  the  3<->uthcrn  States.  This  contjnued  as  long  as 
they  could  find  purchasers  ;  until,  in  fact,  to  use  a  mercantile  ex- 
])ression^  they  liad  '•  glutted  "  the  slave  market.  Then,  after  hav- 
ing pocketed  the  last  dollar  they  could  hope  to  make  ifi  this  very 
honest  and  honorable  manner,  they  sold  their  ships  and  other  ap- 
pliances for  carrying  on  the  slave  trade,  or  diverted  them  into 
other  channels — ^_joined,  open-mouthed,  in  the  loud  clamor  against 
the  slave  trade,  commenced  their  pious  enter])rise  of  Abolition, 
and  proclaiiaed,  at  least  b}'  jmpudent  assumption,  their  zealous 
philanthropy,  and  earnest  affection  for  the  whole  African  race  ! 

How  consistent  with  this  proceeding  has  been  the  course  of  their 
successors ! 

How  often  have  we  seen  the  Yankee,  fresh  from  his  home  of 
bigotry,  superstition  and  intolerance,  in  the  North,  settle  down 
anumg  us,  and  eventually  become  the  owner  of  negro  property  ? 
ITow  often  have  wo,  seen  him  come  into  the  possession  of  negroes, 
cither  through  sycophancy,  fawning  and  flattery,  by  marriage,  or 
through  cunning,  tergiversation,  and  overreaching  by  purchase  ? 
And  what  is  the  result?  As  a  general  rule,  they  make  the  very 
worst  masters  in  the  whole  South ;  exact  more  labor,  feed  and 
clothe  their  slaves  w^orse,  and  punish  them  more  frequently,  and 
far  more  severely,  than  any  Southern  slaveholder.  Some  of  them 
remain  here  permanently,  and  become  good  masters  and  worthy 
citizens,  but  many  more  of  them,  after  securing  a  fortune,  return 
to  the  more  congenial  atmosphere  of  New  England,  which  is  so 
admirably  suited  in  its  folse  pretensions,  venality  and  liypocrisy, 
to  their  own  degraded  natures.  They  remain  amongst  us  long 
enough  to  know  the  groundless  nature  of  their  former  ideas  of 
slavery,  and  the  utter  and  shameless  falsehood  of  the  thousand 
and  one'  slanderous  and  malicious  Yankee  tales  of  slavery  and 
slaveholders  ;  and  no  sooner  afe  they  once  more  settled  in  Yan- 
kccdom,  than  their  natural  falsehood  artd  bigotry  seem  to  sjiring 
into  renewed,  and  more  active  existence,  as  if  invigorated  and 
strengthened  by  their  long  suppression.  They  become,  at  once,  ' 
red  hot,  ramp.iiit,  open-mouthed  Abolitionists.     AH    the  vi|e  avid 


42  THE  CONFEDEKATE. 

slanderous  tales  against  Southerners  and  the  South,  which  they 
once  believed  through  ignorance,  and  repeated  from  bigotry,  they 
now,  knowing  them  to  be  entirely  untrue,  endorse  through  sell- 
interest  and  fanaticism,  and  propagate  from,  malice.  They  tell  all, 
and  more  than  all,  that  they  have  seen  and  heard,  or  even  im- 
agined against  the  South,  but  there  is  one  thing  they  are  especially 
careful  ndl  to  tell ;  that  is,  how  they,  themselves,  cleared  tiieir 
skiits  of  the  "  crying  sin  "  of  slaveholding  !  They  studiously 
avoid  this  subject,  and  it  is  wise  in  them  to  do  so,  for  the  tr^itli 
would  be  little  to  their  credit,  and  a  falsehood  would  be  too  easily 
detected  and  exposed.  I  do  not  greatly  censure^  them  for  their 
silence.  A  lie,  though  so  easy  and  so  natural  to  them,  \vould  not 
"answer  their  purpose  ;  and  the  truth,  besides  being  disgraceful,  is- 
so  strange  to,  and  uncongenial  with,  Yankee  nature,  that  to  tell  it, 
on  this  or  any  other  occasion,  would,  doubtlessly,  have  required  a 
laborious  and  painful  effort !  1  will  tell  the  truth  for  them,  Spar- 
ing them  the  exertion,  though  I  cannot  shield  them  from  the  mor- 
tification. 

Wholly  unlike,  in  this  as  in  everything  else,  the  Southern  slave- 
holder, who  carefully  nurtures,  feeds,  and  clothes  his  negroes,  nurses 
them  in  sickness,  and  decently  buries  them  after  death,  the 
Yankee  master,  when  he  has  resolved  to  return  to  his  New  Eng- 
land.paradise,  immediately  sells  all  his  slaves,  to  the  last  one,  to 
the  highest  bidder,  and  utterly  indiiiercnt  who  the  new  owner  may 
be,  or  what  kind  of  a  master  he  may  make.  The  conscientious 
Yankee,  having  thus  relieved  himself  from  thd  taint  of  slavehold- 
ing, pockets  the  money,  departs  for  his  congenial  home,  and  never 
troubles  his  thoughts  again  with  his  deserted  slaves,  any  more 
than  if  they  were  of  the  beasts  which  perish,  or  senseless  stocks  and 
stones !  Who  ever  heard  of  a  Yankee  slaveholder  emancipating  his 
negroes?  To  use  his  own  characteristic  language,  this  "would  not 
pay."  Now,  Yankees  never  do  anything  which  they  think  will 
not  pay  ;  this,  in  their  opinion  and  language,  would  manifest,  on 
their  part,  a  very  discreditable  wmnt  of  their  usual  "cuteness."  1 
doubt  if  there  be  a  single  well  authenticated  instance  of  a  Yankee 
slaveholder  liberating  his  negroes,  under  any  circumstances  what- 
ever. 

Many  Southern  slaveholders  have  not  only   emancipated  their 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  43 

ii05::roe3,  but  paid  their  passage  to  Liberia,  and  furnished  them 
^vith  a  liberal  outfit  of  clothinix,  provisions,  and  working  imple- 
ments, sufficient  to  support  them  for  the  lirst  year,  and  enable 
them  to  enter  fairly  and  easily  upon  a  new  life  in  their  new  home. 
The  wisdom  of  tlfis  action  on  the  part  of  these  Southern  slave- 
holders may  be  d(uibted,  but  the  purity  of  their  motives,  and  the 
kindness  and  thoughtfuhiess  of  their  conduct,  arc  certainly,  ac- 
cording to  Yankee  ethics  at  least,  beyond  all  question.  Does  any 
one  of  my  readers  remember,  or  has  he  ever  henrd  of,  a  Yankee 
slaveholder  v.ho  has  adopted  the  same  course  towards  his  negroes'? 
Yov  my  own  part,  I  must  confess  I  do  not  know  of  one  single  in- 
stance of  the  kind. 

The  i^turned  Yankee,  in  the  congenial  atmosphere  and  society  of  his 
Northern  home,  becomes  immediately  a  fiery  Abolitionist.  His  lima- 
ticism  and  intolerance  havmg  been  so  long  repressed,  in  the  South, 
he  is  like  a  new  convert,  and  the  zeal  of  his  proselyting  is  unlim- 
ited. Now  he  luxuriates  in  shameless  slanders  of  the  manners, 
customs,  morals,  and  people  of  the  South;  now^  he  denounces  them 
in  unmeasured  and  unsparing  terms.  PTaving  lived  in  the  South, 
he  is  accepted  as  an  authority  on  all  Southern  questions,  by  his 
Yankee  comrades.  During  his  residence  in  the  South  he  may 
have  heard  of  some  instances  of  oppression  or  cruelty  inflicted 
upon  a  slave.  This  may  or  may  not  be  true,  for  there  are  some 
unkind,  and  occasionally,  though  rarely,  a  cruel  master,  even 
amongst  the  Southerners.  This  I  do  not  wish  to  deny,  for,  unlike 
the  Yankees,  we  of  the  South  have  never  claimed  the  risrht  "  to 
throw  the  first  stone  "  at  any  one,  on  the  ground  that  we  were 
"  ourselves  without  sin." 

This  instance  of  oppression  or  cruelty,  exceptional  and  isolated 
as  he  knows  it  to  be,  if  it  be  true  at  all,  the  returned  Yankee  re- 
•  produces  to  his  Northern  audience,  garbled,  misstated,  falsely  col- 
ored, and  wilfully  exaggerated.  Spiced  and  seasoned  to  suit  the 
morbid  taste  of  Abolition  fanaticism,  he  represents  it  as  the  usual 
treatment  of"  slaves  by  their  masters,  and  a  fair  example  of  the 
character  of  slavery  in  the  whole  South  !  His  fanatical  audience 
believe,  or  profess  to  believe  him,  and  his  story  is  inserted  into 
the  Abolition  papers,  scattered  broadcast  through  the  country,  and 
made  the  ground  of  new  slander,  and  denunciation  of  tho  South. 


44  THE    CONFEDERATE. 

Having  catered  to  the  base  appetites  and  vile  nntiircti  of  the  Abo- 
lition pack,  the  returned  Yankee  is  applauded,  caressed  and  I'eted. 
He  becomes  a  great  nnui  in  his  little  circle,  and-  receives  such 
honor  as  they  can  confer  upon  him.  Virtuous  ],e[?der  !  amiable 
followers!  worthy  associates  !  Long  tnay -he  enjoy  the  dignified 
position  he  has  so  creditably  attained,  and  long  may  his  })ious  fol- 
lowers be  cnlightend  by  his  lofty  intelligence,  and  purifu-d  by  the 
bright  example  of  his  stainless  morality  !  ITad  lie  told  them  the 
truth,  they  would  not  have  believed  him,  or  had  they  believed 
him,  so  unwelcome  and  unpalatable  would  the  truth  have  been  to 
them,  they  would  have  hissed,  hooted,  and  probably  mobbed  him. 
In  telling  them  a  base  falsehood,  he  has  secured  their  good  will. 
The  story  he  has  related  accords  with  their  preconceived  opinions, 
confirms  their  prejudices,  and  gratifies  their  animosity  to  the  South ; 
and  so  he  is  welcomed  and  honored,  so  fjxr  as  they  can  confer 
honor,  by  a  fidse-hearted  and  treacherous  generation,  which  seems, 
in  the  just  retribution  of  an  avenging  Providence,  to  Iiave  been 
"given  over,''  in  their  vices,  their  follies  and  their  impiety,  ""to 
believe  a  delusion  and  a  lie." 


THE    CONFEDERATE. 


ISTo.  7. 

The  mode  of  proceeding,  and  the  means  used,  by  the  Yankees, 
in  delaying  for  ten  years  the  enforcement  of  tlie  law  for  the  sup- 
pression of  the  slave  trade,  now  deserve  a  little  consideration.  By 
the  same  proceedings  and  the  same  means,  they  have  succeeded  in 
effecting  all  their  subsequent  sectional,  imjust,  class  legislation, 
throngli  which  they  have  enriched  themselves  from  the  plunder 
and  spoils  of  the  South,  gained  under  color  of  law.  The  proceed- 
ings were  the  genuine,  natural  result  of  the  Yankee  character,  and 
may  be  summed  up  in  the  v/ords,  electioneering,  deception,  mis- 
representation, bribery  and  fraud. 

The  principal  means  consisted  in  their  unequal  and  unjust  pre- 
ponderance, through  their  representatives,  in  the  Senate  of  the 
United  States.  The  system  of  representation  adopted  by  our 
Government,  in  the  H^use  of  Representatives,  gave  one  repre- 
sentative, in  that  House,  for  so  many  thousands  of  population. 
This  was  fair  aftd  just,  for  it  was  the  same  in  the  whole  country, 
and  operated  equally  and  equitably  in  every  State.  But  in  the 
Senate  of  the  United  States,  every  State  was  represented  by  two 
delegates,  and  this  was  neither  fair  nor  just.  By  the  operation  of 
this  law  of  representation.  States  of  the  smallest  extent  and  most 
limited  population,  had  as  many  Senators  as  States  the  largest  in 
territory  and  greatest  in  numbers.  Rhode  Island  had  as  many 
Senators  as  Virginia — Delaware  as  Carolina.  By  the  operation 
of  this  very  unequal  mode  of  representation  it  has,  not  unfre- 
quently,  occurred,  that  a  State  whose  population  gave  it  but  one 
representative  in  the  House  of  Representatives,  while  the  rule 
gave  it  two  members  in  the  Senate.  In  the  earlier  years  of  our 
Government,  the  five  Yankee  States  held  ten  of  the  twenty-six 
seats  in  the  Senate,  or  nearly  half  of  them.  By  means  of  this  solid 
phalanx,  always  voting  together  on  all  sectional  questions,  aided 


46  THE   CONFEDKKATE. 

by  intrigue,  bartor,  and  corruption  by  the  Ynnliccs  amongst  the 
other  Senators,  and  the  Representatives  G:eheral!y,  they  succeeded 
ill  staying  the  operation, of  the  law  lor  the  suppression  of  the  shivc 
trade,  and  in  passing  alnnost  an 3/  act  they  wished,  for  tlieir  own 
aggrandizement  or  the  advancement  of  their  pecuniary  interest. 
The  Yankees,  opposed  to  all  monopolies  '  against  them,  but  the 
greatest  monopolists  the  world  ever  has  seen  yet,  when  the  mo- 
nopoly was  for  their  benefit,  succeeded,  from  the  commencement 
of  United  States  history  until  the  dissolution  of  the  Union,  by  the 
means  above  indicated,  in  securing  to  themselves  a  very  largo 
share  of  all  the  power,  patronage  and  benefits  of  the  Government. 
Engaged  in  whaling,  and  oth.er  fisheries,  they  desired  the  aid  of 
the  Government  money,  and  they  obtained"  it  in  the  form  of 
"  Bounty."'  They  wished  to  extend  their  internal  trac^,  and  by 
the  aid  of  "  internal  improvements,"  most  unjustly  and  unequally 
distributed,  aside  from  tlieir  unconstitutionality,  they  succeeded  in 
this  also.  They  succeeded  in  monopolizing  the  whole  coasting  trade, 
by  the  passage  of  navigation  acts.  Emi^arked  most  extensively 
in  manufactures,  they  managed  to  destroy  competition  by  the  en- 
actment of  high  tarilTs,  which,  while  enriching  them,  were  an  un- 
just and  onerous  tax  upon  the  South.  By  the  operation  of  the 
Patent  Laws,  and  the  constj'uction  they  put  upon  them,  they  mo- 
nopolized the  benefit  of  the  genius,  the  laDor  and  the  ingenuity  of 
all  nations.  ^ 

By  refusing  the  enactment  of  a  law  of  ''  International  Copy- 
right," they  reserved  to  themselves  the  power  of  plundering  the 
literary  treasure  of  the  world.  In  their  efibrts  to  plunder  the  U. 
S.  Treasury  on  a  grand  scale,  or  to  overreach  the  South,  or  swin- 
dle otiier  countries  magnificently,  the  Yankees  generally  resorted 
to  the  machinery  of  Congressional  legislation,  and  almost  invari- 
ably with  abundant  success.  It  is,  I  believe,  no  exaggeration  to 
say  that  the  Yankees,  with  a  population  less  than  a  fourth,  and  a 
territory  not  more  than  a  twentieth  of  the  old  United  States, 
]iuinaged,  for  half  a  century,  to  appropriate  to  their  own  benefit 
three-fourths  of  the  public  money  expended  for  the  improvement 
of  commerce  and  the  defence  of  the  country  ;  as  may  yet  be  seen 
in  the  internal  improvements,  harbor  improvements,  light-houses 
and  fortifications,  from  which  the  North  alone  has  derived  benefit 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  47 

and  protection.  While  biich  was  the  nature  of  the  transactions 
■between  the  Ya^ikces  and  the  South  in  a  National  capacity,  let  us 
^nquii'e  what  w^is  the  character  of  their  (k-alings  with  us  as  Indi- 
vid nais,  and  in  private  relations. 

k^carccly  had  tlio  thunders  of  war  ceased — ■^^careely  had  the 
Southerners  enjoyed  a  hrief  respite  from  the  toils,  the  sacrifices, 
ivnd  the  sufferings,  inei-dent  to  repelling  a  foreign  invasion,  when 
,tlie  whole  South  was  inundated  by  a  Hood  of  Yankee  peddlers. 

If  there  be  any  one  occupation  in  the  pursuit  of  money  more  thor- 
oughly characterized  by,  and  more  entirely  theembodimentof,  lying, 
swimllina-,  chicanery  and  fraud,  than  any  other,  it  is  that  of  Ped- 
dling;  and  of  all  ped-dlers,  the  Yankees  have  abundantly  proved 
tliemselves  the  most  <.'ini!HM'itly  endowed  with  all  the  debasing 
ijualities,  and  all  the  infamous,  practices  characteristic  of  this  vile 
and  dirty  trade.  The  Yankees, -svith  their  worUiless  merchandise, 
mounted  every  hill  and  traversed  every  valley  in  the  South.  Soon 
the  whole  country  was  filled  with  the  "worthless  trash  which,  by 
unscru]>ulous  and  barefaced  lying,  they  had  palmed  off  upon  a 
people  thoroughly  honest,  and  because  honest,  confiding.  In  city 
-and  town,  in  village  and  hamlet,  on  jDlantation  and  in  cabin,  on 
every  hand,  and  in  every  house,  were  to  be  seen  these  evidences 
of  Yankee  craft,  and  testimonies  of  the  success  of  Yankee  fraud. 
Clocks,  that  would  keep  no  time;  tin-ware  that  w<fuld  hold  no' 
water ;  broadcloths,  cassimeres  and  domestic  goods,  which  would 
do  no  service  ;  ginghams  and  calicoes  whose  colors  would  stand  no 
washing — all  of  Yankee  manufacture,  and  all  worthless,  were  scat- 
tered broadcast  through  the  land.  The  name  of  li'ankee  peddler 
became,  at  once,  and  lias  never  ceased  to  be,  a  to.nw  of  oppro- 
brium, of  scorn,  and  of  contempt.  The  Yankee  peddler's  cart 
was  regarded  with  as  mucli  abhorrence  and  loathing,  and  in  some 
measure  of  dread,  as  was  the  "  dead  cart "  in  Europe,  during  the 
ravages  and  horrors  of  the  Plague. 

1,11  addition  to  the  curse  of  Yankee  peddlers,  \ankee  schoolmas- 
ters, in  swarms,  soon  flooded  the  fiiir  regions  of  the  South,  bring- 
ing with  them  their  nasjil  twang,  their  false  morality,  their  pro- 
scriptivc  religicm,  and  their  fanatical  opinions. 

Long  and  grievously  was  the  South  afliicted  by  these,  and  vari- 
ous other  poi'tions  of  the  Yankee  race.     Useless,  disliked,  worth- 


48  THE  CONFEDERATE. 

less  like  the  thistle,  like  the  thistle  they  were  ineraclienLlo. — 
Scorned,  despised,  iiisulled,  mid  justly  trampled  on  by  au  outraged 
and  insulted  people,  the  Yankee,  true  to  his  trainini^  and  his  in- 
stincts, bore  all,  sutlered  all,  endured  all,  with  fawning  and  crouch- 
ing humility.  In  the  pursuit  of  his  idol,  the  "  Almighty  Dollar,'' 
no  humiliations  were  too  degrading,  no  sacrilices  of  self-respect,  or 
of  the  regard  of  others,  too  great,  so  that  he,  at  last,  succeeded  in 
winning  the  deity  of  his  worship — Mammon  !  Meantime,  his 
'Yankee  brethren  at  home  were  equally  busy,  in  various  ways,  in 
the  same  eager  and  unscrupulous  pursuit  of  gold.  The  press 
groaned  bene:*ith  the  burden  imposed  by  their  nnilagging  efforts ; 
books,  pamphlets,  magazines,  newspapers,  in  countless  thousands, 
flooded  the  S(juth.  On  all  subjects,  by  all  authors,  and  written  in 
all  styles,  with  the  sole  end  of  nvikiug  money  in  view,  nothing 
was  too  good,  or  too  bad  for  them  to  print,  so  that  it  would  only 
sell.  The  same  editors  prepared,  and  the  same  presses  issued,  the 
Bible  and  the  Koran — the  sermons  of  Qotton  Mather  and  the  wri- 
tings of  Thomas  Paine — the  ethics  of  Paley  and  the  infidelity  of 
Voltaire — pious  psalms  and  profane  songs — moral  essays  anci 
licentious  romances — all  in  one  general,  indiscriminate  and  unre- 
garded medley  of  confusion. 

If  the  great  end  of  money-making  was   attained,  what,  to  the 
'  Yankee,  mattered    the  means  ?     But   this   is   only  one   pliase  of 
Yankee  character — only, one  face  of  this  more  than  Janus-visaged 
people.     These   several   occupations,  vile  and   infamous  as  they 
were,  although  steeped  in  iniquity,   in  fraud,  and  in  immorality 
were  still  far  too  innocent  to  engross  the  energies  or  circumscribe 
the  efforts  of  the  pious  and  virtuous  Yankee  race.     In  every  coun- 
try in  which  the  Yankees  or  their  progenitors  have,  for  the  sins  of 
mankind,  been  planted,  they  have  sprung,  at  once,  into  a  mjilevo- 
lent  and  noxious  existence,  more  instinct  with  evil  and  potent  for 
destruction    than  the  armed  fruit  of  the  fabled  dragon's   teeth  of 
Cadmus.     They   ^re,  ever  have  been,  and,  so  long  as  they  are  sull 
fered  to   exist,  they  ever  will  bo.  the  Arabs  of  the  moral  and  re- 
ligious world.     "Their  hand  is  against   every  man's,   and  every 
Oman's  hand  is  against  theirs" — or  at  least,  every  man's  should  be. 
Of  such  a  race,  so   impatient  of  good,  so  eager  for  evil  to  oth- 
ers, it  was  not  to  bo  expected  that  they  should  long  remain  quiet, 


THE    CONFEDERATE.  41) 

and  contcntoc]  with  the,  comparntivcly  innocent,  firanscmcnt  of  de- 
ceiving, defVnndinfr,  and  slandering  the  Southern  people.     True  to 
their  char.ieter  and  tlieir  history,  they  soon    manilested  their  im- 
pationo^e  with  occupations  wl^ich,   though  in  sonie  measure  gratify- 
ing; to  their  ignoble  natures,  still    r^^strieted   their    ]">eculiar  genius 
for  eAil  within  such  narrow   hounds.     They  had  tasted  the  luxury 
of  Idood,  and  had  not  fomotten  its  pleasant  flavoi*.     Thev  liad  en- 
joyed  the  delights  of  persecuting,  and' were    anxious  to  renew  the 
ei-joyment.     True  and  lineal  descendants,  both  in  blood  and  creed,  ', 
from  Uie  assassins  of  Ai'chbishop   Sharpe,  the  murderers  of  Dr. 
SerVetus  and  the  burners  of  witches,  they  grieved  over  the  pleas- 
uresand  thogferiea  of  the  ''good  old  times,"  and  were  eager  to  repro- 
duce tliern  once  more.     But  how  could  this  be  brought  a])out  ?     The 
question  was  ft  difficult  one.    Though  the  Yankees,  in  morals,  in  reli- 
gion, and  in  feeling,  had   remained    stationary  for  over  two  centu- 
ries, the  world  had  not.     It  was   not   easy  to  renew,  in  the  nine- 
teenth century,  the  atrocities   which   had    disgraced  the  sixteenth 
and  the   seventeenth.     Persecution,  for   opinion's   sake,    was   no 
longer  the  creed  or  the  practice  of  Christendom.     Men  had  come, 
generally,  to  the  conclusion  that   the  boot  and  the   thumb-screwy 
the  halter    and-  the  faggot,  and  other  ingenious  and  praiseworthy 
Calvinistic  and  Puritan  devices,  were  not  the  most  conclusive  of 
arguments.     Hanging,   burning,  racking  and    quartering  heretics, 
would  no   longer   be   tolerated.     But  Yankee  zeal,    cruelty    and 
fanaticism,  were  not  to  be  baulked  of  their  ends  by  such  obstacles. 
True,  the  bodWiad  escaped  their  power.     Tlie  perversity  of  man, 
the  "total  depravity  "  of  human  nature  in  the  nineteenth  century, 
would  no  longer  permit  these  holy  Yankee  propagandists^ to  light 
the  fires  of  physical 'persecution,  or   torture  the   bodies  of  unbe- 
lievers.    Still  they  had,  happily,  a  last  resource.     The  higher,  the 
nobler^ the  spiritual   part  of  man,  was  not  yet  wholly  beyond  the 
reach  of  their  power   and  their  vengeance.     The  offending  bodies 
were  beyond   the  reach  even  of  Yankee  intolerance'  and   Yankee 
ingenuity,  but  what  a  glorious,  what  adelightfuj  discovery  !    They 
could  ,yet  break  the  mind  upon  the  wheel  of  public  opinion^ — they    ^ 
could  still  "  crucify  the  soul !" 

Delighted  with  this   brilliant  discovery,  the  Yankees  proceeded     < 
to  put  it  into  beneficent  operation.  ] 


OO  THE   CONFEDERATE. 

^.  They  made  Ibcir  first  essay  upon  the  Masonic  fraternity.  Anti- 
Masonry  sprung  up  suddenly  la  Kcw  I^^ii^hiii*:^  Ji'id  soon  became 
mad  and  rampant. 

•   Here  I  mnst   hasten  to  pay  a  just  tril'iite  to    New  En;^-Wnd. — 
This  is  the  j^enicil  home  of  Puritan  hiirotrv,  .'uul  ilio  native  l;iiid  of 
Yankee  fanaticism.     ITere  W'.;  iind  the  very  locality- in  which  the 
fable  of  Ileatlicn    MytholoG-y    v.'a:^^,    reduced    to  fact.     Here  was 
opened  the  true  box  of  Pandora,  filled  with  all  the  ills,  tiio  aillic- 
<  tlons,  and  the  misfortunes  of  the  liunian  family  ;    and  from  New 
England  they  have  liowji  abroad  to  harrass  and    destroy  the  hu- 
man   race.     The  Yankees  having  opened  tlie  bo::,  incited  by  that 
impudent  inquisitiveness  and  impertinent  curiosity  for  which  they 
have  a  world-v/ide  renown,  continued  to  hold  it  open,    v/hile  llia- 
king  a  thorough   investigation  of  its  mysteries,  until  even   Hope 
escaped  and    tied  far  a^^•ay.     Erom    New  England   have  sprung 
more  sects  in   religion,    factions  in  politics,  and   parties  in  social 
life,  than  from   all  the  world   besides.     Either  of   entire    native 
growth,  or  instantly  naturalized   in  the  congenial    atmosphere  of 
Yankeedom,  New  England  has  produced  more  superstitions,  fanati- 
cisms and  follies,  than  all    the  rest  of  Christendom.     She  is  the 
very  land  and  native  soil  of  all  absurdities  whoso   names  tei-mi- 
nate  in  ism.     For  illustration  I  will  mention  a  few,  and  only  a  few 
of  them,  for  truly  their   name  is  legion.     In  Yankeedom,  in  that 
same  New  England,  we  find   Witchcraft,  Mormonism,    Matthias- 
ism,  Spiritualism,  Millerism,  Fourierism,  Mesmerism,  and  Aboli- 
tionism—and,   I  greatly  fear,  no  little    Atheism .  ^,  Here   sprang 
up  table-turnings,    spirit-rappings,    spirit   communications,    Uni- 
tarianism,    Universalism,    Deism  ;     here    arose     model    artists, 
and     free    love     societies  ;    here   began    animal  magnetism  and 
Bioloo-y.      Here    we    may    find     Hicksites,    Millerites,    Truer- 
ites,    Tompkinsites,    and    any    other    kind    of    ites.      Hep    wo 
may  see  Univcrsalians,  Unitarians,  Trinitarians,  Arians — any  kind 
of  arians,  even  barbarians  ;   and  here  we  may  meet  with  Shakers 
and  Tunkers.     This  list  contains   but  a  tithe,  a  mere  fraction,  of 
'  the  names  of  the  multitude  of  sects  and  Actions  with  which  Yan- 
keedom is  rife. 

This  sketch,  brief  as  it  is,  of  the  nature  and  extent  of  the  various 
and  discordant  elements  into  which  Yankee  soci^^ty  is  divided,  is  a 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  51 

necessary  preliminary  to  the  examination  of  tlie  lolly  and  pre- 
suhiptioiis  claims,  to  pre-erniiience  over  others,  of  the  Yankee 
race.  V/ith  a  modest  asauraiice,  characteristic  of  the  Yankees, 
and  wholly  nnrivalled  by  any  otlier  people,  they  claim  a  decided 
supcri(irity  .over  all  others,  in  religion,  morals,  civilization,  inanu- 
factnring  skill,  inventive  geniu.^,  naval  architecture,  intellectual 
power  and  literary  accomplishments. 

This  sketch  of  their  vain  glories  and  ridiculous  pretensions,  like 
that  of  their  sects  and  factions,  is  far  from   complete,  but  it  may  '< 
serve  as  a  lair  sample  of  their  egotistical  claims  to  distinction. 

To  each  one  of.  these  vain  pretensions  I  purpose  giving  a  brief 
consideration.  So  innate  is  falsehood,  and  so  exacfgerated  is  self- 
love,  in  the  Yankee  character,  that  it  is  perfectly  safe  to  disbe- 
lievo  all  their  assertions,  and  to  discredit  all  their  claims.  In  re- 
ligion they  have  reformed  and  improved,  until  all  true  piety  has 
^  disappeared  from  amongst  them.  There  is,  beyond  all  doubt,  less 
real  religion,  less  true  piety,  amongst  the  Yankee,  race,  to-day, 
than  in  any  other  people  in  Christendom  ! 

Their  thousands  of  houses  devoted,  professedly^  to  tlic  service 
of  religion,  not  only  represent  as  many  diflbrent  shades  of  reli- 
gious opinion,  but  are  as  often  nsed  for  the  purposes  of  bigotry 
and  wrong,  as  for  the  promulgation  of  the  peculiar  tenets  of  the 
creed  in  whose  honor  they  have  been  erected.  I^pon  every  "  Sab- 
bath," from  ten  thousand  of  what  the  Yankees  profanely  call 
"  altars."  in  New  England,  resound  the  d'octrines  of  their  innu- 
merable sects.  There  are  preached,  by  the  Congregationalist,  the 
Presbyterian,  the  Episcopalian,  the  Unitarian,  the  Universalist  and 
tho  Nothingarian,  ten  thousand  different  serinons,  of  which  multi- 
tude of  sermons  true  religion,  the  religion  of  the  early  Christians, 
the  religion  of  the  Bible,  would  not  sanction  ten.  The  staple  of  , 
most  of  these  discourses  is  extravagant  praise  of  the  peculiar  creed 
of  the  preacher,  and  unmeasured  denunciation  of  that  of  all  the 
■world  besides.  True  religion  makes  its  members  kinder,  truer, 
more  patient,  and  more  charitable  to  others,  than  other  men.  Are 
the  Yankees  so  ?  Does  their  religion  give  this  evidence  of  its 
truth  and  reality  ?  All  the  world  knows  the  contrary,  and  thus 
is  proved  that  the  Yankees  have  positively  less  religion  than  any 
other  people.     As  in  religion,  so  also  in  morals,  the  Yankees  arc 


52  THE    CONFEDEEATE. 

sad] y  defjcient.  Here,  as  in  leligiou,  tlicir  pretensioiis  are  of  the 
loftiest   character.     But  true  iiioralitv,  like  true  reiii^ioii,  is  evi- 

I  .0  7 

deiiced  and  jud_^-ed  of  ,by  its  fruits.  True  nKn-ality  requires, 
iimoujzst  other  things,  a  due  observance  of,  and  respect  for,  the 
rjfj;hts,  lecliuj:;S  and  privileges  of  othei-s.  This  is  one  of  t\m  first, 
and  indispensable,  tests  of  its  existence.  If  Yankee  morality  has 
yielded  any  such  fruit,  it  has  bceii  wholly  monopolized  by  them- 
selves;  no  one  outside  the  pale  of  Vankcedoni  has  ever  been 
favored  with  any  particle  of  this  sort  of  evidence.  On  the  con- 
trary, Yankee  morality,  as  v/eli  as  Yankee  religion,  is -as  nnich  a 
by-word  of  scorn,  contempt  and  reproach,  as  ever  was  Punic 
taith  !  In  point  of  civilization,  if  there  is  any  particular  in  whic*Ii 
they  have  surpassed  any  of  the  rest  of  the  civilized  world,  it  is  a 
profound  secret  to  every  one  except  the  Yankcss  themselves  ;  while 
in  truth,  honeslfiy,  kindness,  charity,  humanity  and  hospitality, 
generally  considered  as  the  strongest  evidences,  and  invariable 
concomitants,  of  a  high  civilization,  it  is  well  known  to  all  that 
they  have  been  greatly  excelled  by  flir  the  larger  portion  of  the 
Christian  world.  In  ship-building  the  Yankees,  taking  advantage, 
very  properly  no  doubt,  of  the  skill  of  all  nations,  and  the  best 
models  of  the  world,  and  making  some  alterations,  additions,  or 
other  changes,  have  produced  some  good  vessels,  on  the  strength 
of  which,  with  their  natural  egotism  and  arrogance,  they  have 
aspired  to  the  title  of  the  first  ship  builders  of"  the  v/orld.  It 
would  be 'very  difficult  to  name  any  institution  of  any  kind,  or 
any  literary  work  of  any  character,  the  pure  and  sole  result  of 
Yankee  mind  or  Yankee  literature,  now  in  existence,  which  ever 
has,  or  ever  has  deserved,  to  live  for  a  generation.  This  may 
answer  their  chiim  to  intellectual  power..  As  to  their  literary 
productions,  instead  of  being  the  original  and  native  outpourings 
of  their  own  minds,  they  are  imitated,  or  pirated  from  the  great 
writers  of  all  lands. 


T 11 E    C  0  N I^^  E  D  E  R  A  T  E 


"No.  ^. 

J  WAS  obliged  to  close,  somewhat  abruptly,  in  my  last  number, 
^vlthollt  haviiii^- meted  out  full  justice  to  Yankee  prowess  in  tiic 
arena  of  literature,  by  the  limits  to  Wiilcli  I  am  restricted  ;  ])Ut  1 
shall  endeavor  to  complete  that  duty  in  this.  As,  for  their 
own  selfish  ends,  the  Yankees  had  hisistedupon  the])assage  of  high 
tariff  laws,  so,  for  the  same  selfish  purposes,  they  refused  a  law  of 
Interiiational  Copyright.  In  both  instances  they  succeeded  in  com- 
passing their  purposes.  In  both  cases  the  advantages  innred  solely 
to  their  own  benefit.  The  tarift'  laws  fostered  and  supported  their 
manufactures,  while  taxing  heavily  all  the  agricultural  industry 
of  the  country  ;  but  the  cunning  Yankees  escaped  their  share  of 
this  taxation  by  the  very  limited  amount  of  their  agricultural  in- 
terests arising  from  the  barren  and  sterile  qualit}'  of  their  soil. 
The  absence  of  an  International  Copyright  permitted  them  to 
exercise  their  natural  propensity  for  thieving  by  pirating  the  best 
literary  works  of  Europe.  In  this,  as  in  the  former  case,  they 
entirely  escaped  any  danger  of  retaliation. 

The  Yankees,  themselves,  were  the  sole  and  entire  source  and 
origin  of  all  American  literature,  and  the  very  mediocrity,  infe- 
riority and  worthlessness  of  their  productions,  fully  insured 
them  against  all  danger  of  reprisal.  Yankee  literatU4.'e,  in  cases 
where  it  was  not  pilfered  wholesale  from  foreign  writers,  was  a 
trashy,  vapid  mixture,  a  dull  melange  of  French  frivolity,  German 
transcendentalism  and  English  formality,  liavored  and  finished  as 
opportunity  served  by  sectarian  bigotry,  Puritan  intolerance,  aiv-l 
provincial  ignorance.  The  largo  majority  of  Ynnkee  writers  pro- 
duced a  constant  stream  of  books  and  pamphlets,  of  no  value  or 
importance,  vapid,  dull,  monotonous  and  wearisome.  Those  of 
higlier  pretensions  selected  some  distinguished  English  writer,  and, 


54  THE   CONFEDERATE. 

so  far  as  their  feel)le  powers  allowed,    endeavored  to  imitate  his 
style.     In  this,  to  a  certain  extent,  they  succeeded.     The  jx-culiari- 
ties  of  a  writer's    style   are  not  very    difticult  of  iniitatiuii,  espe- 
cially to  the  Yankees,  who  arc  gifted  with  the  powers  of  imitation 
in  a  degree  surpassed  only  by  their  worthy  prototype,  the  monkey. 
Thus  we  have  seen  countless  copyists  of  the  singular  phraseology, 
and  wild  involutions — the  inversions,  the  obscurity   and  the  mys- 
ticisms of  Carl  vie,  but  entirclv  wantinijj  in  his  wonderful  vir^or  of 
thought,    depth  and   accuracy  of  judgment,  and   giant   grasp  of 
niind.     So,  too,  have  v.e  had  innumerable  imitators  of  the  graceful, 
flowing  and   linished   diction  of  Addison,  but  wholly  destitute  of 
his   brilliant  wit,   polished  satire,   pure  morality,    and    elevated 
Christian   piety.     Imitators,   counterfeiters,    forgers  in  all  things, 
and  at  all  times,  in  nothing   have  the   Yankees  given    more  con- 
spicuous and  conclusive  manifestations  of  their   native   baseness 
than  in  those  contemptible,  puerile,  worthless   productions,  which 
they  have  complacently  styled    their  "  Literature."     Their  news- 
papers have  been  chiefly   devoted  to  the  advocacy  of  their  doc- 
trines, of  carrying  out  the  selfish  policy  of  some  local  party,  some 
bigoted   sectarianism,  or  some   vile   proscriptivc  and  persecuting 
fanaticism.     Their  magazines   have   overflowed   with  nonsensical 
rhyme,  sickly  sentimentality,  or  mawkish  love  stories,  more  tire- 
some and  soporific  than  "  a  twice  told  tale," 

In  the  domain  of  invention  and  discovery  the  Yankees  lay  claim 
to  exclusive  distinction,  and  they  amply  deserve  it ;  but  the  dis- 
tinction is  not  exactly  of  the  character  they  would  desire.  The 
Patent  Office,  at  AVashington,  though  greatly  reduced  in  its  dimen- 
sions by  conflagration,  yet  stands  an  enduring  monument,  alike  of 
Yankee  ignorance  and  stupidity,  and  of  Yankee  falsehood,  base- 
ness and  fraud.  There  may  be  seen  innumerable  modes  and  speci- 
fications of  inventions  for  all  impracticaljle  and  impossible  pur- 
poses. There  you  may  see  dozens  of  models  of  "  perpetual  mo- 
tion," plans  for  perfectly  squaring  the  circle,  and  inventions  of 
lifke  character — all  the  emanations  of  Yankee  mind,  aud  all  con- 
ceived and  concocted  in  entire  ignorance  of,. and  direct  opposition 
to,  the  experience,  the  reason,  the  common  sense  of  mankind,  and 
the  well  known  laws  of  philosophy,  science  and  mechanics.  There, 
too,  you  can  find  some  useful  inventions,  but,  as  a  general   rule, 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  55 

ihoy  arc  Yankee  alterations,  or  adaptations  of  the  ideas  and  dis- 
coveries of  some  original  thiiilver,  sonic  skilllul  and  practical  sci- 
onLiiic  liiind  oi  another  race  than  the  Yankee.  Of  all  their  lying 
claims  to  credit  for  original  discoveries  and  inventions,  the  only 
ones  that  have  any  foundation  in  truth  "are  to  l)e  found  in  tlie  line 
of  quack  medicines.  Here  the  Yankees  stand  truly  unrivalled, 
and  the  glory  is  all  their  own  !  Tliey  haye  llUed  the  land  with 
|);itent  medicines — with  nostrums  for  the  cure  of  every  ill  to 
which  flesh  is  lieir.  N(.)t  content  with  Catholicons,  for  the  prompt 
cure  of  all  diseases,  they  have  sent  out  special  remedies  for  every 
specific  disease  ! 

if  any  physician  of  skill  and  experience  discovered  a  remedy  of 
]"cal  value,  the  Yankees  immediately  flooded  the  country  with  (b 
worthless  imitation,  with  conntericit  labels  and  certificates  to 
ensure  its  being  palmed  off  upon  the  people.  These  quack  nos- 
trums display  in  fair  Ijut'  glaring  colors  the  native  baseness  of 
Yankee  nature.  Concocted  of  all  and  any  materials,  so  they  were 
only  cheap,  and  could  be  made  "  to  pay" ;  put  up  and  vended  by 
those  who  did  not  even  profess  any  knowledge  either  of  medical 
science  or  chemical  principles,  they  were  scattered  recklessly 
through  the  countiy.  That  most  of  these  nostrums  were  of  a  del- 
eterious character  is  beyond  question.  That  a  large  amount  of 
human  suffering,  and  a  considerable  sacrifice  of  human  life,  have 
l)een  the  result  of  this  single  enterprise  of  Yankee  cupidity  and 
Yankee  inhumanityf  cannot  be  doul3ted.  W^at  cared  they,  so 
they  succeeded  in  making  money !  Like  "  Margrave,**  in  the 
"  Strange  story,"  the  Yankees  have  ever  said,  by  their  actions, 
more  explicit  than  any  verbal  declarations — "  Let  all  die— I  will 
live,  I  will  live! "  What  has  human  suffering,  or  the  waste  of  hu- 
man life,  ever  mattered  to  the  Yankees,  so  they  could  "put  money 
in  their  purse  ?  "  I  now  come  to  manufactures,  but  before  taking  a 
final  leave  of  the  Yankees  as  inventors  and  quacks,  I  wish  to  add 
a  few  words  to  what  I  have  already  said  upon  these  subjects.  As 
inventors  tlie  Yankees  are  chiefly  conspicuous  for  their  usual  self- 
ishness and  knavery ;  as  quacks  we  have  seen  that,  in  addition  to 
these  amiable  and  characteristic  qualities,  they  have  manifested 
their  natural  inhumanity  and  cruelty.  By  the  phraseology  of  the 
Patent  Laws,  as  construed  by  the  Ymikecs,  no  lufncst   man  could 


56  THE  CONFEDERATE. 

ho  protected  in  the  enjoyment  r.iid  the  prolit  cS  his  discoveries  or 
invcijtioiis,  .-igainst  their  interj^olations  and  inlViiigeniCnts.  The 
applicant  far  a  patent  v.as  oblii^ed  to  i]^ive,"nndcr  oath,  an  exact 
description  of  the  nature  :ind  character  of  jiis  work- — tl;at  it  had 
never  been  diseovercd  or  nsed  ]\v  nny  other  person  ;  in  snly.stance, 
that  it  wa>:  an  original  iiiveTition  or  discovery  of  his  ov*n.  An 
honcf^t  man  conld,  and  would,  describe  only  vvhat  he  had  really 
invented,  and  no  more.  ITcro  wns  a  fine  opening:;  for  Yankee.^ 
'•enterprise"!  if  ho  sav*'-  that  the  invention  v/as  one  of  real  im- 
portance and  utility — in  a  Vv'ord,  th'nt  it  would  "pay,"  he  immedi- 
ately set  about  converting  it  L*.)  his  own  use  and  benefit.  lie 
added  or  subtracted,  a  nni!,  a  screv;,  a  hinge,  or  alteredfa  tube  or  a 
valve,  and  claimed,  and,  by  the  aid  of  the  Yankee  Patent  Ofiicc  offi-' 
cials,  obtained,  a  patent  in  his  own  name  for  the  invention  which  was 
really,  and  truly,  the  property  of  another.  But  it  may  bethought 
that  this  wo.nld  avail  tbe  Yankee  but  little,  as  another  knave  might 
play  u]>on  liitn  tlie  same  rascally  game  which  he  had  played  upon 
the  original  and  true  inventor.  Not  at  all.  Here  the  Yankee 
found  an  appropriate  field  for  the  exhibition  of  his  distinguished 
ability. 

In  the  description  of  his  nev/  invention  he  luxuriated  in  the 
exercise  of  his  imagination.  Although  u)ider  oath,  tiio  Yankee 
was  not  to  be  "  cabined,  cribbed,  confined,"  by  any  such  trivial 
restraints  as  conscientious  scruples.  What  was  a  lie  more  or  less 
to  him  whose  whole*  life  was  alio?  What  Was  perjury  to  him' 
whom  T\6  obligations,  howevei-  indisputable,  no  claims,  however 
sacred,  could  bind  ? 

In  his  specifications,  therefore,  the  unscrupulous  and  unprinciij^led 
Yankee,  set  forth  in  full,  not  only  all  that  the  original  discoverer 
had  invented,  and  all  that  ho  himself  had  altered  and  added,  or 
taken  away,  but  all  the  additions,  subtractions,  changes,  altera- 
tions, he  could  imagine  or  divine,  and  boldly  claimed  to  have  dis- 
covered the  whole,  thus  forestalling  by  fancy  and  perjury,  as  far 
as  possible,  all  competition,  and  so  obtained  his  patent. 

The  unraveling  of  the  tangled  web  of  Yankee  falsehood,  fi-aud^ 
impiety  and  shamelessness,  is  sickening,  but  still  it  must  be  done. 

In  the  field  of  manufocturcs,  the  assumptions  and  pretensions 
of  the  Yankees  have  been  pre-eminently  bold  and  presuming.    Let 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  57 

us  ex.imiiiG  into  their  claims,  and  wc  shall  ■  find  thein,  like  all  the 
rest,  equally  I'alse  and  unfounded.  Entering  upon  this  held  after 
they  had  worn  out  the  slave  trade,  the  Yankees  lirst  came  into 
competition  with  the  manufacturers  of  Europe.  Instantly  their 
inferiority  and  inciipacity  beCc^me  manifest.  They  tacitly 
aelmowied<j;cd  it  themselves  i)i  tlioir  loud  wailin/Ts  over  their  fiiil- 
nres,  and  their  importunate  supplications  for  a  protective  tariiT, 
hi  this,  as  usual,  and  by  the  usual  i^ieans,  they  snocoeded.  xVided 
by  a  tarid",  wh^h  amounted  almost  to  a  prohii.»ition  of  European 
manufactures,  they  renevred  their  efforts.  Bub  even  the  tariff 
they  had  themselves  asked  and  obtained  did  not  suffice  to  accom- 
plish their  purposes.  Indeed,  so  inherent  is  falsehood,  trickery, 
counterfeiting  and  forgery,  in  Yankee  nature,  that  it  is  doubtful 
M'hether  they  would  not,  in  any  event,  have  soon  resorted  to  the 
disreputable  practices  for  which  they  soon  became  notorious.  This 
much,  hov^cver,  is  certain  :  In  the  ver}^  commencement  of  their 
mamifaoturing  career,  the  Yankees,  finding  their  own  productions 
entirely  worthless  und  unsaleable,  began  that  course  of  counter- 
feiting the  labels,  stamps  and  T)rands,  and  forging  the  trade-marks 
and  names  of  the  best  European  manufacturers,  and  appending 
them  to  their  own  inferior  goods,  which  continues,  to  a  great  extent, 
to  the  present  day.  By  these  unworthy  means,  aided  by  the  pro- 
hibitory action  of  the  tariff,  the  Yankees  succeeded,  at  last,  in  open- 
ing the  markets  of  the  South,  at  least,  for  the  sale  of  their  fabrics. 
Still,  either  from  the  yet  inferior  quality  of  their  goods,  or  the 
natural  proclivity  to  fraud  and  chicanery  of  the  whole  Yankee  race, 
their  productions  arc  thrown  into  our  markets  entirely  divested 
of  all  means  of  identifying  their  Yankee  origin,  and  with  forged 
marks,  labels  and  stamps. 

Yankee  goods  under  the  name  of  English  broadcloth,  En^lisli 
sheeting,  English  shirting,  arc  foimd  iu every  store.  ^  .^French  cloth, 
de  laines,  ginghams,  nmslins,  boots,  hats,  gloves,  silks  and  ribbons ; 
Italian  silks  and  laces;  German  muslins  and  cambrics;  Irish  linens 
and  lawns ;  English  cutlery,  harness,  saddlery,  and  medicines— all 
made  in  Yankeedom — crowd  our  'shclvfes  in  town  and  city,  in 
country  and  village.  The  thread  is  all  English  thread— the  sew- 
ing silk  is  all  French  sewing  silk.  In  all  finer  goods  the  Yankees 
counterfeit  the  marks  of  Europe.     Sheffield,    Birmingham,   Wol- 


5S  THE   CO^'FEDERATK. 


vGi'hampton.  London,  Paris,  Lyons,  Genc\;i,  Berlin,  may  be  read 
upon  all  tli-cir  superior  fabrics.  Falsely  accusing  the  South  of  an 
incapacity  for  manufacturing,  they  have  stolen,  l(.)r  the  best  of 
their  staple  productions,  the  names  of  articles  of  a  superior  quality 
jnade  in  the  South.  Their  imitations,  in  this  branch  of  their  de-' 
ception,  iiilsehood  and  fraud,  arc  marked  Virginia  Osnaburgs, 
Georgia  Plains,  and  Lo'.iisiann  Cottonades;  here  they  forge  the 
names  of  Petersbr.rg,  MllledgeviUe  and  Attakapas. 

The  Yankees  have  always  S!;id,  falsely  and  sneertugly,  that  the 
South  could  not  manufacture  ;  tiiat  Southerners  had  no  ingenuity, 
no  skill,  no  industry,  no  perseverance. 

This  war  has  demonstrat'^nl  tl}e  entire  falsity  of  these  assertions. 
Excluded,  by  the  blockade,  from  all  the  rest  of  the  world,  South- 
erners have,  in  two  years,  fiiiiy  equalled  all  the-  Yankees,  nnr-e- 
stricted  in  every  way,  and  aided  by  protective  tariffs,  have  effected 
ill  three-quarters  of  a  century.  Their  ingenuity,  skill,  industry  and 
perseverance,  liave  supplied  tlie  army  witli  powder,-  rifi^,  mus- 
kets, bayonets,  swords,  sabres,  and  all  necessary  equipments. 
They  ""  have  crowned  our  fortresses  with  cannon,  dug  from  the 
mine  since  the  commencement  of  the  war."  They  have  given  hats, 
shoes  and  clothing,  to  the  soldiers,  and  the  people  at  large.  They 
built  the  '-Manassas,"  which  frightened  the  enemy  from  his  pro- 
priety at  the  mouth  of  the  Mississippi — the  Virginia,  which  sunk 
or  scattered  their  vessels  at  Norfolk — and  tlie  Arkansas,  which 
ran  the  gauntlet  of  their  whole  boasted  Mississippi  fleet,  near 
Vicksburg,  with  impunity,  scattering  ruin  and  destruction  in  her 
path.  These  were  built  under  every  disadvantage,  and  the  last  in 
the  valds  of  the*Yazoo  river,  and  yet  they  proved  infinitely  supe- 
rior to  all  their  Yankee  competitors  ! 

"^t  has  been  said  that  the  Yankees  were  the  inventors  of  horn 
o-un-flints  and  wooden  nutmegs.  Whether  this  be  so  or  not,  1  do 
not  pretend  to  'decide  positively,  although  the  dishonesty  of  the 
proceeding  raises  strong  presumptions  in  their  favor  ;  but  if  true, 
•these  two  brillictnt  achievements  may  be  considered  as  the  only 
cases  wliere  their  inventive  ability  may  claim  undisputed  origi- 
nality, and  their  manufacturing  skill,  at  least,  unquestioned  equal- 
itv  with  that  of  any  otlier  people. 

We  h^ve  now  reviewed  the  clair«is,  in  their  various  phases  and 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  '59 

aspects,  which  the  Yankees  have  so  impudently  put  forth  to  dis- 
tinction and  superiority.  Their  pretensions,  like  theniselvcs  and 
their  Puritan,  Independent,  Canieron'ian  and  Covenanting  progeni- 
tors, have  proved  to  be.  iu  all  respects,  self-sufficient,  unfounded,  and 
mendacious. 

,  "  Havino-,  at  last,  disposed  of  these  topics,  I  shall  return  to  their 
proper  character  as  moralists  and  Christians,  as  illustrated  in  their 
conduct  towards  others.  1  have  already  mentiioned  tliat  in  their 
jnoral  persecutions — the  only  kind  of  persecution  left  to  the  kind 
and  gentle  hearts  of  the  Yankees  by  the  increased  enlightenment 
of  the   nineteenth 'tentury — the   pious  and  godly  Yankees  made 

*  their  first  onslaught  upon  the  quiet,  peaceable,  and  unorlending 
society  of  the  Free  Masons.  ■ 

For  this  they  had  a  slight  excuse,  in  their  peculiar  natures,  of 
which  they  shall  be  allowed  the  full  benefit.  That  a  people  noto- 
riously too  loquacious  to  keep  a  secret  of  their  own,  and  so  curious 
and  inquisitive  as  to  consider  the  possession  «f  a  secret  by  another, 
a  wrong  and  injury  to  themselves,  should  hate  Afasonry,  and  en- 
deavor to  destroy  it,  appears  by  no  means  extraordinary,  for  Ma- 
sonry was'  a  secret  society.'  This  was  the  sole  offence  of  the  ]\Ia- 
spns.  No  serious  charge  of  any  improper  motives,  or  incorrect 
conduct,  or  evil  intentions,  were  ever  alleged  against  that  ancient 
fraternity.  With  the  sole  exception  of  the  ridiculous,  but  charac- 
teristic and  base  Yankee  lie  about  the  abduction  and  murder  of 
Morgan,  which  was  never  credited  save  by  a  few  children,  old 
women  end  idiots,  even  slander  had  ncv^*  attempted  to  tarnish 
the  fair  fame  of  the  society.  But  the  Yankees  were  bent  upon 
persecution,  and  resolved  to  find  a  victim.  In  this  they  only  par- 
tially succeeded. 

Their  terrible  story  of  the  death  of  Morgan,  the  groundwork 
and  foundation  of  the  excitement,  v>-^s  soon-  exposed  in  its  true, 
falsity,  and  the  commotion  began  rapidly  to  subside.  In  order  to 
prevent  Anti-Masonry  from  dying  so  speedy  a  natural  death,  and 
to  secure  to  themselves  some  benefit  from  their  zealous  labors,  for 
as  yet  they  had  reaped  none,  the  Yankees,  with  their  usual  *'  cute- 
ness,"  and  unfailing  want  of- principle,  made  an  cfibrt  to  change 
the  character  of  the  Anti-Masonic  crusade  from  a  pretended  moral 
and  religious,  to  one  of  a  political  nature.     They  struggled  vigor- 


J 


60  THE  CONFEDERATE. 

ously  to  make  it  a  stalking-horse  upon  wiiicii  the  might  ride  into 
power.  In  this  they  signally,  failed,  and  then  they  quietly  dropped 
the  whole  matter.  The  sincerity  of  their  pretensions,  and  the  truth  of 
their  charges  against  Masonry,  are  sufficiently  illustrated  by  tlie 
two  facts,  which  are  indisputable,  that  there  are  more  Masons,  and 
more  Masonic  lodges,  amongst  even  the  Yankees,  to-day,  tha.n^ 
at  any  preceding  time;  and  that  since  their  lailure  to  convey  Mr. 
Wirt  into  tlie  White  House  at  Washington,  they  have  never  made  ' 
any  effort  either  to  suppress  the  existence,  or  prevent  the  exten- 
sion, of  Masonry  upon  their  own  soil ! 

Here  the  recollection  of  the  conduct  of  their  Puritan  progeni- 
tors, in  the  murder  of  King  Philip,  suggests  to  us  the  very  great 
probability  that  if  Morgan,  or  any  one  else,  was  really  murdered, 
just  preceding  the  outburst  of  Anti-j\Iasonry,  the  Yankee  Anti- 
Masons  were  themselves  the  murderers.  The  cases  are  true  par- 
allels, the  motives  identical,  and -the  action  in  perfect  keeping  with 
Yankee  character,  supposing  there  were  really  any  truth  in  the 
absurd  story  of  Morgan. 

In  a  few  years  the  Yankees  commenced  their  great  Temperance 
naovement.  Here,  for  once,  they  had  a  good  cause  to  advocate?  ' 
but  it  is  astonishing  how  soon  a  good,  or  a  praiseworthy  causjei, 
becomes  disgusting  and  loathsome  when  it  has  fallen  under  the 
influence  and  favor  of  Yankee  fanaticism !  That  the  temperance 
cause  was  a  good  cause,  and  that  the  frightful  amount  of  intern-, 
perance  in  our  country  was  a  crying  evil,  and  well  calculated  to 
startle  and  alarm  all  worthy  members  of  society,  is  undoubtedly 
true.  By  persuasion,  conviction,  and  a  just  magnanimity  on  the 
part  of  the  friends  of  Temperance,  something  has  been  done  for 
the  amelioration  of  the  state  of  society  in  this  respect,  ^nd  much 
more  might  have  been  effected  but  for  the  bigotry  and  spirit  of 
persecution  iiianifested  by  the  Yankees. 

Who  ever  heard  of  persuasion,  argument  or  magnanimity  being 
manifested  by  Yankees,  more  especially  when  they  believed  them- 
selves in  a  position  where  they  could  make  use  of  compulsion  ? 
Erom  the  very  outset  of  the  temperance  movement,  the  Yankees, 
perfectly  mad,  as  usual,  in  the  wildness  of  their  fanaticism,  and  in 
full  keeping  with  all  their  past  history,  strove  vigorously  to  force 
men  to  become   temperate  by  stern   rebuke,  severe  proscription, 


THE  CONFEDERATE.  61 

and  furious  denunciation.     As  was  custoipary  amongst  them,  thev 
soon  changed   this   movement  from  a  social   and  a  m.oral,  into  a 
^religious  and   sectarian   contest.     Every  man  who   drank  at  all, 
tiiough  never  so  small  the  amount,  (,.f  alcoholic   liquors,  or  even 
wine,  was  denounced  as  unworthy  of  c<^nfidence  and  support  l)v 
the   immaculate   Yankee   temperance  apost!es,   althou^-h  ho  hnd 
never   been   knov.n  to  be  intoxicated  during  a  long  life  of  useful- 
ness and  honor,  while   many  of  thpsc  who   denounced  him    had 
been,  until  within  a  yery  short  period,  of  very  intemperate  habits, 
and  some  of  them  absolute  and -well  known   drunkards.     So  far 
did  these  infatuated  Yankees  go,  that  they    even  trampled  on  the 
express  cofhmand  of  the  Saviour  of  mankind,  when  it  conflicted 
with  their   fanatical   doctrines.     Wine  waS   banished  from  their 
*'  meeting  houses  "  at  the    "  comm.union  service,''  and  various  sub- 
stitutes adopted  in  its  place.      What  these  substitutes  were  I  am 
uninformed,  but  judging  from  the  well  known  main  principle  of 
Yankee  character,   and   mainspring  of  Yankee  conduct,  I  presume 
the  chief  one  was  cider.     This,  it  is  true,  was  as  much  tainted  with 
'alcohol  as  rum,  but  there  was  this  difference  in  favor  of  the  Yan- 
kees—the wine  they  were  obliged  to  buy,  the   cider  they   had  to 
sell ;    for  the  first  they    must  pay   out  money,  for  the  last  they 
would  pocket  money.     Be  this  as  it  may,  they  denounced  all  who 
dared  to  use  wine  in  the   Eucharist,  in  accordance  with  the  com- 
mand of  Jesus  Christ,  and  refused  to  commune  with  them.     The 
natural  result  of  such  bigotry,  fanaticism  and  intolerance,  is  easily 
anticipated^.     The  temperance  cause,  so  rudely  checked  at  the  out- 
set, languished,  decayed,  and,  so  far  as  the  Yankees  are  concerned, 
died  a  natural  death  from  inanition. 


THE    CONFEDERATE. 


INTo.  9. 


I  HAVE  no'^y  given  a  sufficient  ■  sketch  of  the  Yankees  and  their 
antecedents,  and  traced  Yankee  character  through  all  its  various, 
but  consistently  infemous,  phases,  through  Cameroniait,  Independ- 
cnt,  Roundhead,  Puritan  and  Pilgrim,  down  to  the  present  time. 
I  have  portrayed  in  faithful  colors,  although  with  merited  and  just 
severity,  the  conduct  and  career  'of  all  these  vile  sectaries,  and 
political  incendiaries,  until  we  find  all  their  false,  villainous  and 
infamous  qualities  and  '  characteristics  embodied,  concentrated, 
eyen  surpassed,  by  the  Yankee's.  [From  such  an  ancestry  we  may 
well  imagine  what  kind  of  a  posterity  would,  necessarily,  descend, 
and  we  find  our  anticipations  not  only  fully  realized,  but  greatly 
exceeded.  A  more  unworthy  and  ignoble  race — a  Viler,  more 
pernicious,  or  contemptible  rabble,  never  degraded  the  bright  im- 
age of  God  in  hurhanity,  or  desecrated  the  fair  heritage  of  earth, 
bestowed  in  His  beneficence.  Of  this,  the  facts  heretofore  stated, 
and  hereafter  to  be  given,  being  calmly  and  dispassionately  esti- 
mated, let  the  truth  be  decided,  and  a  just  verdict  .awarded,  by  a 
"  candid  world." 

In  alluding  to  the  innumerable  follies,  superstitions,  and  fanati- 
cisms of  the  Yankees,  I  have  named  but  a  small  portion,  slightly 
sketched  a  few,  and  dwelt  upon  none.  For  this  I  have  neither 
space  nor  time.  So  full  is  their  whole  history  of  such  disgraceful 
records,  that  fully  to  enumerate  them  would  require  a  volume ;  to 
discuss  them,  a  library.  -  There  is  one  of  their  absurd  and  mis- 
chievous flmaticisms,  which  came  into  notice  some  thirty-five  or 
forty  years  since,  which  demands  and  shall  receive  more  especial, 
and  particular  attention.  This  is  Abolitionism.  This  portentous 
monster,  of  Yankee  birth  and  training,  it  is,  which  has  been  the 
active  cause  of  the  aissolution  of  the  once  honored  Union — which 


THE   CONFEDEKATE.  • Go 

has  destroyed  a  once  powerful  and  respected  Republic— wliicli  has 
banded  State  against  State,  and  armed  brother  againi^l-  brother — 
^vllieh  has  caused  the  greatest  privation,  sufiering  and  afflictio.n, 
which  this  continent  has  ever  ki^own— wliich  lias  already  occasioned/ 
an4  will  continue  to  occasion,  the  shedding  of  torrents  of  blood— 
and  which  has  opened  a  fountain  of  hatred,  a  Marah  of, bitterness, 
which  will  not  be  closed  or  neutralized  by  peace,  and  the  amenities 
of  civil  life,  for.  a  century  to  come.  That  it  has  been  the  only  just 
ancl  sudicient  cause  fur  t!]e  severance  of  the  accursed  Union,  i  do 
not  mean  to  imply.  As  a  Southerner,  and  a  South  Curoiiniun,  1 
am,  on  the  contrary,  of  the  opinion  that  sufficiently  satisfactory 
grounils  for  the  dissolution  have  existed  for  nearlv  half  a  century, 
and  I  hiive  been  always  ready  and  willing,  .-md  often  tmxious,.  to 
break  the  bonds  which  linked  us  with  the  treacherous  and  perfid- 
ious Yankees,  at  any  time  during  the  last  thirty  yer.rs. 

Their  sectional  class  legislation,  as  manifested  in  naviiiation,  in- 
ternal  improvement  and  tariif  laws,. all  n^iconstitutional  exactions 
upon  the  South  for  the  benefit  and  aggrandizement  of  the  North, 
were,  from  their  first  enactments,  ample  cause  for  Southern  re- 
sistance. * 

Still  the  Southerners  were  rich,  and  good  humored,  and  patient, 
and  miglit,  possibly,  have  long  continued  to  suffer  themselves  to 
be  taxed  for  the  support  of  the   pauper  and   begging  North,  had- 
not  the  North  added  to  the  most  grievous  wrongs  the  most  aggra- 
vating  insults.      Then  crftne   the   issue ;    the  Gordian    knot— the 
Union— which  no    skill    nor   statesmanship   could   unloose — was 
proi,nptly   severed   by    the    sword.     That    Yankee  bigotry,  intol- 
erance,  persecution  and    hypocrisy,  as  inAnlfested  in  their  Aboli- 
tion frenzy,  and    illustrated   in   the   election  of  Lincoln,  were  the 
immediate   cause  of  the  war  now  raging,  is  beyond  all.  question. 
Upoji  the  heads  of  the  Yankees  rest  all  the  responsibility  and  all 
the  odium  of  this  internecine  strife,  and  they  alone  are  answerable 
at  the  tribunals  of  God  and    man   for  its  sufferings,  its  bloodshed 
and  its  crimes.     In  the  madness  of  their  fanaticism,  upon  the  sub- 
ject of  Abolition,  the  Yankees,    who   always   run  mad  after  anv 
liinaticism,  have  excelledand  surpassed  all  their  preceding  exploits-. 
In  their  fanatical  crusade   against  the  South,  the   Yankees,,  witli 
their  usual  modesty,  assumed   to   themselves  the  right  anc^  tlw 


H4  Tlii::   CONFEDERATE. 

povv'er,  to  sit  in  judgment  and  pass  sentence  on  their  superiors, 
without  a  trial  or  a  hearing.  i'orgetLiug  ,  that,  even  if  slavery 
Y.'ere  all  that  in  their. blinc]  bigotry  they  painted  it,  they  and  their 
iuicestors    were   principally  respons^ible    for   it,    they    denouiicod 

!  slaveholders  and  all  in  communion  with  them,  in  terms  of  un- 
measured tibuse  {ind  villiheation,  worthy  only  of  Billingsgate,  oi* 
Yankees,  and 'which  conld  hardly  be  applied  with  full  justice  eveil 
to  murderers  and  pirates. 

With  their  usual  pliancy  of  conscience  and  flicility  of  memory, 
they  f(<rgot  to  state  that  they,  themselves,  were  the  original  negro 

I  -stealers  and  negi'o  traders,  and  omitted  to  tell  us,  if  slaveholders 
raerited  such  appellations,  vvitli  what  epithets  we  ought  properly 
to  designate  the  original  Yankee  slave  traders  and  kidnappers ! 
Jndulghig  in  their  wonted  impudence  aud  arrogance,  they  assumed 
the  power  and  the  right  to  pass  judgment  upon  an  institution 

'^  coeval  with  the  human  race,  and  to  denounce  slavery  as  a  great 
evil  in  morals,  a  terrible  sin  ii\  religion  !  Quoting  in  support  of 
their  wild  uintasy,  a  few  isolated  texts  of  the  Bible,  they  declared 
that  slavery  was  in  violation  of  the  principles  of  Holy  Writ,  and 
contrary  to  the  will  of  the  Most  High.  For  many  a  long  year 
the  Southerner,  thus  insolently  summoned  before  the  bar  of  public 
opinion  by  the  fiilse-hearted  and  mendacious  Yankee,  defended  his 
cause,  weakly  and  unwisel}^,  on  the  ground  of  necessity.  Tacitly 
admitting  that  slavery  was  an  evil,  as  charged,  by  the  insolent 
Yankees,  he  told  him  that  the  South  was  not  responsible  for  it, 
and  was  unable  to  remedy  it.  He  told  the  Northern  fanatics  that 
the  institution  was  first  imposed  upon  ns  by  the  English,  Govern- 
ment, then  fxrmly  fixed  and  riveted  by  their  Puritan  ancestry,  and 
that  now  it  was  not  in  our  power  to  remove  it  without  imminent 
danger  of  ^elf-destruction.  This  was  true  as  flir  as  it  went,  but  it 
was  not  the  v.diole  truth,  nor  was  the  position  the  most  favorable 
or  the  most  advantageous  M'hich  the  South  v/as  entitled  to  assume. 
Abolition  fanaticism  has  been  the  occasion  of  this  much  of  good, 
that  the  history  and  character  of  slavery  have  been  fully  investi- 
crated,  and  are  now  perfectly  understood.  The  result  has  been  the 
entire  justification  of  the  South,  and  the  complete  condemnation 
and  disgrace,  could  so  base  and  abject  a  rabble  be  disgraced,  of 
the  Abolition   fanatics  of  the    PN^or'ch.     The  historical  part  of  that 

\ 


THE  CONPEDEKATE.  65 

very  Bible;  from  which  the  Yankee  fixnatics  pretended  to  draw 
tlieir  authority  to  wage  war  upon  slavery — that  Bible  which  they 
iklsely  pretend  to  believe — records  the  existence  and  progress  of 
slavery  from  the  very  dawn  of  the  creation  of  the  race  of  mani 
In  that  sRP.ie' Bible  arc  found  the  laws,  regulations  and  commands, 
of  the  very  De'.ty  tho  Yankees  impiously,  because  falsely,  pretend 
t/O  worship,  for  the  guidance  of  masters,  and  the  treatment,  man- 
agement and  control  of  slaves.  These  as  clearly  indicate  the  ap- 
proval of  God  of  the  institution  of  slavery,  and  as  evidently  con- 
template its  continuance  through  all  time,  as  those  for  any  other 
relation  of  life,  such  as  parent  and  child,  and  husb^md  and  wife^ 
Throughout  the  Old  and  the  New  Testament  there  is  no  law,  drdi- 
i3nnce,  or  command,  forbidding  slavery;  there  are  many  for  its 
regulation.  These  were  given  by  Moses  to  the  people,  in  the  im- 
mediate presence  of  God,  and  with  his  express  sanction,  as  "mani- 
fested by  the  pillar  qf^  cloud  which  overshadowed  the  Tabernacle. 
Those  laws  were  never  abrogated  by  the  Saviour,  nor  questioned 
b}^  His  Apostles  ;  nay,  one  of  them,  very  unlike  a  Yankee  fanatic, 
sent  back  a  runaway  slave  to  his  mastej.  At  the  very  period  of 
the  sojourn  of  the  Saviour  and  His  Apostles,  slavery,  in  its  severest 
form,  and  tqif^n  almost  incredible  extent,  pervaded  the  whole  Ro- 
man world.  The  master  held  the  absolute  fiite  of  the  slave  in  his 
hands,  and  mighlf  at  his  own  pleasure,  beat,  torture  or  slay  him, 
xmquestioned  and  unpunished.  Yet  the  Saviour  did  not  see  fit  to 
interfere  w'ith  slaver}^  as  He  found  it  in  the  world,  and  His  im- 
mediate Apostles,  like  all  His  true  apostles  and  followers  ever 
since,  followed  His  example,  and  wholly  refrained  from  all  inter- 
feranco  with  an  institution  of  wdiich  he  had  expressed  no  dis- 
approval. 

Truly  and  justly  has  it  been  said,  "that  to  fmd  any  precedent 
or  any  justification  of  his  fanaticism,  the  Yankee  must  have  a  new 
Bible,  and  a  new  God;  "  and  it  must  be  an  Abolition  revelation, 
and  an  Abolition  Deity.  It  has  been  the  good  pleasure  of  that 
God  whom  all  Christendom  adores,  in  the  pages  of  that  Revela- 
tion which  every  true  Christian  reveres,  to  reveal  to  us  that,  in 
some  instances,  slavery  existed  by  His  own  especial  interference 
and  will,  in  furtherance  of  the  wisest  manner  of  carrying  out  the 
decrees  of  His  providence. 


66  THE    CONFEDEEATE. 

The  Tevrs,  His  chosen  peopk',  \vcro  csi slaved  laiore  than  once, 
oometimes  this  was  for  the  punishment  of  their  sins,  or  the  sins 
of  their  fo  refit  hers ;  sonietimes  it  was  for  their  own  benefit. 

When  a  powerful  nation,  they  were  conquered  by  Nebuchad- 
nezzar, and  carried  as  shives  to  Babylon,  where  they  remtiined,  os 
I  a  punishment,  in  slavery,  for  the  space  of  seventy  years.  In  their 
infancv  as  a  people,  they  v/erc  enslaved  in  Egypt  during  the  lapse 
of  four  hrmdred  years,  but  thisSvas  for_ their  benefit.  They  went 
down  into  Egypt  a  small  and  scanty  band — Israel,  his  twelve  sons, 
the  Patriarchs  and  their  families— but  they  increased,  and  multi- 
T-diod,  and  Wtaxed  strong  'in  slavery,  and  they  went  up  out  of 
Egypt  a  powerful  and  niighiy  nation.  The  Abolitionist  Yankees, 
had  they  lived  in  the  times,  and  in  the  dominions,  of  Nebuchad- 
nezzar and  of  Pharaoh,  would  have  rebelled  against  those  mon- 
archs,  and  waged  War  for  the  liberation  of  their  Hebrew  slaves, 
and  thus  endeavored  their  feeble  utmost  to  defeat  the  decrees  of 
the  Almighty,  and  impiously  entered,  to  the  extent  of  their  puny 
power,  into  a  contest  with  Omnipotence  ! 

Is  it,  by  any  means,  cert^iin  that  they  are  not  doing  so  eyen  now  ? 

But  even  if  well  assured  of  this,  it  is  doubtful  whether  Yankee 
bi"-otry  and  fanaticism  would  cease   their  usual  matlf)roceedings. 

They,  who  are  notorious  for  giving  information  to  the  Deity, 
p-d  volunteering  theiy  advice  as  to  His  action,  in  their  long  and 
impious  prayers,  would,  probably,  not  hesitate  in  their  frenzy  to 
oppose  His  will,  although  made  perfectly  clear  and  indisputable  to 
eveii  their  benighted  minds.  Taking  into  consideration  the  facts 
that  slavery  has  always  existed  in  tlie  world,  from  the  earliest 
Pges — that  it  has  never  been  forbidden,  but  approved  by  th§  Al- 
mighty— that  it  was  not  rebuked,  but  sanctioned  by  the  Saviour — 
and  that  it  was  encouraged  and  sustained  by  His  Apostles,  one 
would  suppose  that  the  Yankees  would  be  a  little  more  reserved 
in  their  denunciations,  a  little  more  reasonable  in  their  conduct. 
If  they  had  any  particle  of  modesty,  or  any  shadow  of  reverence 
for  anything,  one  would  think  that  they  might  profit  by  the  wis- 
dom of  the  counsel  of  Gamaliel  in  relation  to  the  persecution  of 
the  Disciples  of  Christ  by  the  Jews,  and  "  take  heed  lest  in  this 
matter  they  be  found  fighting  £^gainst  God."  How  do  these  bigoted 
fantitics  know  that  the  enslavement  of  the  African  race  is  not  in 


THE   CONFEDERATE,  67 

direst  accordance  with,  the  will  and  ordinance  of  Jehovah  1  How 
<i(\^  they  be  certain  that  this  is  not  for  the  ultimate  benefit  of  the 
Africans,  as  was  the  enslavement  of  the  Hebrews  in  Egypt  ?  Or 
what  assurance  have  tliey  that  it  is  not  for  punishment  oi"  tlie  sins 
of  theViiselves  or  their  forefathers,  as  in  the  captivity  at  Babylon  ? 
Is  there  not  sufficient  evidence  in  the  Bible  the  Yankees  profv's.-; 
to  believe,  and  to  whose  precepts  they  pretend"  to  conform,  for 
warranting  the  belief  that  African  slavery  should  exist,  that  it 
should  be  perpetuated,  and  that  it  is  in  perfect  accordance  witli 
the  Divine  decrees  ? 

Is  it  not  admitted  that  Ham  settled  Africa,  by  all  Christian  peo- 
ples 'I  Is  it  not  acknowledged  that  the  Africans  are  his  desccjidant;?-, 
by  all  Christendom  1  Was  not  the  punishment  of  slavery  to  his 
brethren,  for  himself  and  all  his  posterity,  denounced,  for  his 
offences,  by  the  Patriarch  Noah,  speaking  in  the  power  and  the 
Avisdoni  of  the  Most  High,  and  by  His  special  authority  1  If  the 
Yankees  do  not  deny  these  flicts — facts  which  all  the  rest  of  the 
Christian  world  admit — what  possible  justification  can  they  find, 
in  Sacred  Writ,  for  their  mad  crusade  against  slavery  ?  If  they 
deny  them,  tftfen,  indeed,  they  must  needs  have  a  new  Bible  and  a 
new  God  !  And  have  tliey  not  already  supplied"themselves  with 
these  necessary  adjuncts  to  the  cause  of  bigotry  ?  That  they  have 
another  God — not  a  new  one,  by  any  means,  to  them— but  another 
than  Jehovah,  the  God  of  Abraham,  and  of  Isaac,  and  of  Jacob, 
I  am  well  aware ;  it  is  Plutus,  the  God  of  Money  !  and  they  hav- 
ing been  occupied,  man}^  years,  in  revising,  altering  and  improving 
the  Revelation  of  the  Almighty,  it  is  highly  probable  that  they 
have  succeeded  at  length  in  providing  themselves  with -a  new 
Bible — not  the  Bible  dictated  and  inspired  by  Omniscience,  but 
the  text-booR  and  Bible  of— Bigotry  !  It  w'ould  bo  in  perfect 
keeping  with  Yankee  character,  to  have  armed  themselves  with 
such  w(^pons,  by  such  means,  to  carry  on  their  unhallowed  crusade. 

Having  commenced  the  attack  upon  slavery  in  a  perfectly  char- 
acteristic stylo,  the  Yankee  fanatics  have  carried  it  on  in  a  like 
consistent  and,  to  them,  natural  manner. 

Newspapers  were  established  to  support,  encourage  and  propa- 
gate their  heresies,  and  put  in  charge  of  unprincipled  men  ;  worth- 
less persons  traversed  the  countryf  lecturing  against  shivery.    Pul- 


68  THE   CONFEDERATE.  ^ 

pits  resounded  with  the  outcries  of  fanatical  preachers  against  the 
South.  Abolition  societies  were  formed  throughout  Yatikeedoi-n. 
Into  all  the  books  with  which  their  presses  groaned,  falsehoods, 
and  slanders  of  slavery  and  slaveholders  were  slily  insinuated, 
even  when  these  very  books  were  intended' for,  and  in  reality  sent, 
to  the  Southern  market.  Abolition  pamphlets,  sermons,  newspa- 
pei*s,  almanacs,  in  countless  numbers  thronged  every  highway  and 
byeway  of  the  reading  world.  In  all  these  the  institution  of  sla- 
very, and  the  slaveholders,  were  virulently  attacked  and  furiously 
denounced.  The  very  Constitution  of  our  forefathers,  considered 
as  a  monument  of  wisdon"i,  by  the  rest  of  the  world,  by  which 
Southern  rights  were  protected  from  outrage,  and  Southern 
property  from  pillage,  but  which  put  a  check  upon  these  mad  en- 
thusiasts in  their  wild  career,  was  spunied,  trampled,  spit  upon, 
and  denounced  as  "a  leasjue  with  Death  and  a  covenant  with 
Hell."  Fanaticism  and  intolerance  had  full  license,  and  enjoyed, 
as  they  still  do,  a  grand  saturnalia. 

In  the  very  insanity  of  their  zealotry,  the  Yankee  Abolitionists, 
not  satisfied  with  having  belied  the  Bible,  by  pretending  to  find  in 
it  a  sanction  foy  their  outrageous  creed  and  abommable  practices, 
deliberately  set  aside  .the  positive  commands  of  God,  when  not  ia 
accordance  wuth  their  wishes,  and  trampled  on  the  Decalogue, 
when  it  would  have  restrained  their  persecutions.  Falsely  de- 
claring that  the  Bible  prohibits  slavery,  and  upon  this  ground  re- 
fusing to  hold  communion  with  slaveholders,  they  forgot,  or  delib- 
erately disobeyed,  the  express  laws,  written  by  the  finger  of  God 
upon  the  tables  of  stone,  .which  say  :  "  Thou  shalt  not  kill,"  and, 
"  Thou  shalt  not  steal."  In  the  fierce  ardor  of  their  pretended  love 
towards  the  slave,  and  their  anxiety  to  restore  hini  to  his  rights, 
they  forgot  all  love,  or  rather  became  all  hatred,  to  the  master, 
and  wholly  forgot  that  he  had  any  rights  at  all. 

They  commenced  the  systematic  stealing  £>f  olir  sl^N^es,  and 
when  they  were  pursued  by  the  master,  they  coldly  murdered  the 
Avhite  owner.  Their  love  for  the  black,  emblematical  of  their  own 
black  hearts,  prompted  them  to  ajiy  and  every  deed' of  oppres- 
sion and  cruelty  to  Southern  men  wdiich  did  not  require  courage 
and  manhood,  or  where  they  could  avait  themselves  of  the  advan- 
tage of  overwhelming  numberl^.     Keenly  solicitous,   alike  for  the 


THE   COIN  FEDERATE.  GO 

tomporal  happhiess  cud  tlie  eternal  ^vcl^are  of  the  Airican,  tlio 
Yankc6  Abolitionist,  by  every' means  of  Av  hi  eh  he  could  avail  him- 
self, incited  the  ignorant  slave  to  rob,  to  murder,  and  to  run  a\vay 
from  his  master.  The  Yankee  preaehers,  in  their  philanthropic 
zeal,. have  petitioned  tlie  United    States  Congress,  three  thousand 

"at  a  time,  for  the  suppression  of  slavery  in  the  South,  while,  again 
forgetful  of  the  Decalogue  and  the  seventh  comraandnient,  none 
were  moved  to  petition  for  the  abolition  of  polygamy  in  Utah  ! 

The  fate  of  the  poor  slave,  who  was  himieif  utterly  ignorant  of 
his  very  wretched  condition,  occupied  all^the  time,  the  zeal  and 
efforts  of  these  pious  enthusiasts,  while  th^'^bominations  of  !Mor- 
monism  appear  to  have  been  considered  by  them  as  wholly  un- 
worthy of  their  notice.  Amongst  these  bigoted  preachers,  Hem-y 
AVard  Bcecher  who  recently  escaped  the  merited  punishment  (u" 
his  enormities  by  a  mob  in  New  Jersoy,  through    the  aid  of  th.- 

'  police,  stands  conspicuous,  not  for  his  ability,  but  his  infamy.  lie 
is,  so  far  as  I  know,  the  first  if  not  the  Only  preache^*  of  the  Yan- 
l:ees,'who  has  totally  discarded  all  the  decent  observances  of  his 
profession,  and  ©penly  recommended  murder  from  the  pulpit,  say- 
ing "  that  Sharpe's  rifles  were  the  best  arguments  to  use  against 
the  slav<?owners,"  in  Kansas.  I  pay  him  the  distinction  of  this 
special  notice,  not  only  on  account  of  his  own  particular  merit,  but 
in  deference  to  the  claims  of  his  family.  He  is  the  brother  of 
that  "  Mrs.  Harriet  Beecher  Stov/e,"  who  is  the  author  of  that 
false,  mallcidus  and  infamous  caricature  of  Southerners,  and  slan- 
der of  the  South,  called  '"Uncle  Tom's  Cabin,"  a  work  which, 
though  quite  notorious,  and  quite  successful  in  the  great  object  for 
which  it  Avas  written,  moiiey -making,  is  one  which- no  man  of  de- 
cent self-respect  would  not  blush  to  own  as  his  production,  and 
which  no  w^oman  but  a  "  Beecher"  would  have  written.  The 
father  of  fhis  amiable  pair  is  "  Lyman  Beecher,"  a  preacher,  whose 
excessive  bigotry  and  intolerance  drove  him  to  Ohio,  even  from 
the  bigoted  and  intolerant  city  of  Boston — Boston,  which,  mod- 
estly calling  itsdf  the  "Modern  ^thens,"  is  like  to  ancient  Athens 
in  nothing — not  even  its  idolatry  ;  for  while  the  Greek  Athenians 
worshipped  many  gods,  the  Yankee  Athenians  worship  only  one — 
Gold !  These  Beechers  are  not  without  talent,  but,  from  the  ma-  i 
levolencc  of  their  natures,  it  has  never  manifested  itself  except  in 
working  evil  to  '-society  and  to  humanity. 


THE    CONFEDERAT, 


ISTo.  10. 


The  Yankees,  having  embraced  their  last  and  wildest  fanaticism, 
Abolition,  with  more  than  common  ardor,  commencedj  and  still 
continue,  their  scheme  of  proselyting  and  propagandism  with  even 
more  than  their  wonted  intolerance,  bigotry,  and  utter  disregard 
of  all  upright  or  honorable  principles.  In  addition  to  the  means 
and  appliances  for  the  furtherance  of  their  netarious  ends,  hereto- 
fore stated,  they  endeavored,  by  every  dishonest  and  sinister 
method,  to  scatter  their  inflammatory  prints,  and  spread  their  in- 
cendiary doctrines,  binding  most  of  their  Abolition  publications 
suppressed  by  the  Southern  post  offices,  they  resorted  to  the  vil- 
lainous plan  of  sending  them,  as  wTappers,  with  the  goods  and 
merchandise  they  shipped  to  the  South.  Their  unprincipled  emis- 
saries penetrated  all  parts  of  the  Southern  States,  mingling  secretly 
with  the  slaves,  endeavoring  to  instil  their  vile  doctrines  into  the 
minds  of  the  negroes,  and  to  iiacitc  them,  by  every  means  and 
every  inducement,  to  the  most  liendish  acts  of  incendiarism,  out- 
rage and  assassination. 

These  devilish    emissaries,  when   detected,  were   immediately 
expelled  from  the  society,    and   banished  from  the  limits  of  th% 
Southern  States.     Here  the  South  committed  a  great  oversight,  a 
serious  error ;    instead  of  banishing  these  fiendish  fanatics,  they 
should  have  hanged  them  to  the  nearest  tree.  , 

The  professions  of  the  Abolitionists  were,  in  the  commencement, 
ecjually  fiilse  and  fair.  "  They  wished  only  to  convince  the  South- 
ern people  of  their  error,  and  l^hen  leave  the  matter  entirely  in 
their  own  hands.  They  were  very  warmly  interested  in  the  wel- 
fare of  the  negroes,  but,  at  the  same  time,  they  were  full  of  kind- 
ness and  affection  towards  their  masters.  They  would  never  coun- 
sel lior  countenance  the  violation  of  the  laws  of  the  land,  nor  any  . 
infraction  of  the  Constitution."     Oh,  no !  immaculate,  unspotted, 


THE  CQNFEDERATE,  '      .71 

unequaled  plillantbropists,  they  were  the  last  persons  in  the  world 
who  could  bo  guilty  of  such  enormities  !  Their  tender  and  sensi- 
tive consciences  impelled  them,  as  a  l)ounden  duty,  to  point  out 
to  "  their  Southern  brethren "  the  sin  of  slaveholdins,  and  this 
solemn  and  unavoidable  duty  they  must  needs  perfi)rm  1 

That  duty,  however,  once  discharged,  they  would  wash  their 
hands  of  the  whole  affair ;  and,  ;their  own  skirts  being  clear,  they 
would  leave  the  conduct  of  slavery,  and  the  fearful  responsibili- 
ties of  the  slaveholders,  to  rest  between  them  and  their  Maker  ! 
Mild,  charitable^  pious,  apostolic  Abolitionists !  These  profes- 
sions, so  plausibl}^  and  persistently  put  forth,  were  like  all  of  those 
of  the  whole  race,  for  three  centuries,  entirely  unfounded  and 
utterly  false.  At  the  very  time  -they  were,  with  shameless  hy- 
pocrisy, putting  them  forth  to  the  world,  they  were  straining  every 
energy  to  induce  the  slaves  to  rise  against  their  masters- — to  inau- 
gurate a  servile  war  in  the  South — to  stimulate  tlio  negro  to  the 
commission  of  every  enormity  and  atrocity,  and  to  fill  the  whole 
land  with  outi-age,  conflagi;ation  and  blood !  These  fixir  and  false 
professions  did  not,  however,  long  continue.  Thc}^  disappeared  in 
the  first  years  of  Abolitionism. 

SoQii  as  the  Abolition  party  saw  the  addition  to  their  numbers, 
and  the  increase  of  their  strength,  which  they  bellied  the  sure  in- 
dications of  their  final  success,  they  threw  oflT  the  mask,  and  avowed, 
in  unmistakable  terms,  their  vile  schemes  and  their  fiendish  inten- 
tions. They  unblushingly  avowed  that  they  we're  "  ready  and 
willing,'^whenever  and  wherever  the  opportunity  occurred,  "  to 
put  a  knife  into  the  hand  of  every  slave  to  murder  his  master"  ! 
The  Abolition  fanaticism  was  now  wide-spread  and  rampant,  and 
in'the  wild  intoxication  of  anticipated  triumph,  these  disgraceful 
principles,  which  would  have  covered  with  ineffable  infjimy  (tea- 
then  or  a  savage,  w^re  openly  avowed,  not  only  by  the  lower 
rabble  of  Yankeedom,  but  by  their  presses,  their  pulpits,  and 
their  Representatives  in  Congress  !  The  South  was  given  very 
distinctly  to  understand  that  the  institution  of  slavery  was  to  bo 
confined  to  the  States  where  it  already  existed,  and  finally  to  bo 
"  eradicated,"  even  there.  The  Abolitionists  openly  announced 
"that  they  would  not  permit  slavery  to  be  introduced  ihto 
any  new  Territory,"  and  that  "  no  new  State,  whoso  constitution 


•  72         "  THE   COKFEDEKATE.  - 

did  not  prohibit  it,  sliould  be  admitted  into  the  Uiiion."  This 
brought  on  the  great  first  struggle  between  the  North  and  the 
South,  and  prod  need' the -Kansas  war.  The  right  of  Southern  citi- 
zens to  remove,  Av«ith  their  property  of  every  descl'iption,  to  any 
new  Territory,  is  one  beyond  all  reasonable  doubt,  bat  the  wisdom 
of  testing  the  matter  in  Kansas  is  not  quite  so  manifest.  Slavery, 
Tike  everything  else  under  the  control  and  management  of  man, 
ninst  suiMnit  to  the  teachings  of  experience,  and  be  controlled  by 
the  l;i\vs  o'f  nature.  It  is  perfectly  evident  that  neither  in  location, 
climate-  rior  soil,  nor  in  the  character  and  nature  of  those  who 
were  clearly  to  be,1in  all  human  probability,  the  large  majority  of 
its  inhabitants,  was  Kansas  at  all  adapted,  or  in  any  v/ay  suited, 
to  be  the  held  upon  which  to  try  the  rights  of  the  •  South  in  the 
experiment  of  introducing  slavery  into  a  new  Territory.  The 
equal,  if  not  superior,  rights  of  the  South  to  the  occupancy  and 
use  of  the  Territories  is  both  clear  and  fndisputable.  The  Terri- 
tories were  allth^  common  property  of  all  the  States,  won  by  the 
expenditure  of  their  blood  and  treasure  in  common,  but  not  in 
equal  proportions.  Tlie  proportion,  of  each,  paid  by  the  South, 
being  far  greater  than  that  paid  hy  the  North.  That  the  South 
paid  far  the  larger  proportion  of  the  money  needs  no  argument, 
for  she  has  always  done  so,  for  all  governmental  expenditures, 
since  the  beginning  of  our  national  history.  That  she  bore  a  like 
unequal  part  of  the  burden,  in  men,  is  easily  established.  What 
may  have  been  the  relative  amount  of  soldiers  furnished  by  the 
North  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  1  do  not  nam  recollect,  nor  have 
I,  at  this  tinfe,  any  means  of  ascertaining ;  but,  fortunately,  i  do 
remember  the  respective  quotas  furnished,  by  the  North  and  the 
South,  during  the  second  war  with  Great  Britain,  and  the  war 
witb|Mexico,  and  from  these  we  may  draw  a  lair  inference  as  to 
what' was  the  rati^  of  the  Yankees  in- men  at  the  Revolution.  In 
the  war  of  1812-1814,  the  South  furnished  96,812  soldiers;  the 
entire  North,  58,552,  making  a  majority  in  favor  of  the  South  of 
38,260.  The  whole  of  the  Yankee  States  furnished,  for  this  war, 
5,162  men,  and  the  single  State  of  South  Carolina,  6,696,  being, a 
majority  over  New  England  of  534.  * 

In  the  Mexican  war  the  disparity  was  still  greater.     The  North 
contributed- 23.054  ;  the  South  53,630 — nearly  double  in  the  abso- 


^^HB  CONFEDERATE.  73 

lute  number  of  men  sent  into  the  lield,  and  in  proportion  to  .popu- 
lation, four  times  as  many  as  the  North  !  Of.  those  sent  by .  the 
North,  Yankeedom  furiiished  only  1,048 — Massachusetts  sending 
1,047 ;  New  Hampshire  immortalized  itself  by  sending  one  !  and 
the  other  New  England  States  'none  !  Thus  we  see  that  both  in 
the  war  of  1812  and  the  Irlexican  war,  the  South  contributed 
twenty  times  as  many  soldiers  as  all  Yankeedom  1  It  is,  there- 
fore, fair  to  conclude  that,  even  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  the 
Southern  troops  exceeded  in  numbers  those  of  the  North. 

In  point  of  taxation,  in  every  shape,  the  inequality  lias  been  in- 
finitely greater,  for  here  the  "  cute "  Yankees  have  managed, 
through  cajolery  and  cozening,  that  the  South  should  contribute 
not  only  twenty  to  their  one,  but  an  hundred,  or  a  thousand  !  The 
South,  having  thus  paid  by  liir  the  larger  portion,  in  men  and 
money,  for  all  the  Territories  which  becaibe  the  common  property 
of  the  country,  would  seem  to  have  been  entitled  to,  at  least,  an 
equal  share  of  them  for  their  own  benefit,  and  to  be  used  at  their 
own  pleasure,  and  to  protection  therein,  by  the  Constitution  and 
the  laws  of  the  Federal  Government,  which  botji  guaranteed  these 
rights  to  the  Southern,  in  common  with  all  her  citizens.  But 
"no,"  said  the  mild,  the  pious,  the  benignant  North;  "  ^^ou  shall 
do  no  such  thing  !  "  There  is  a'  "  Higher  Law,''  said  Garrison, 
and  Phillips,  and  Beecher,  an|J  Greeley,  "  a  law  above  the  Consti- 
tution and  the  acts  of  Congress."  There  is  an  "Irrepressible  con- 
flict," said  Seward,  and  Yankeebigotry  and  intolerance  soon  caused 
his  prediction  to  be  realized.  Some  few  Southerners  had  removed 
to  Kansas,  taking  with  them  their  slaves.  Instantly  all  the  Aboli- 
tion hive  was  in  commotion.  Bigotry  had  said  that  slavery  must 
not  be  extended,  and  fanaticism  resolved  to  maintain  the  asser- 
tion. All  Yanlvcedom  was  in  a  violent  ferment.  The  Abolition 
press,  pulpits  and  societies,  were  active  and  diligent.  Emigration 
societies  were  formed,  and  the  most  restless  and  degraded  of  the 
Abolition  horde  were  fitted  out,  armed  and  equipped  with  rifle 
and  musket,  and  sent  to  Kansas  by  the  societies,  to  outnumber, 
rob,  oppress  and  murder  quiet  and  peaceable  Southern  citizens. 
But  in  subduing  the  Southerners  j^i  Kansas  then,  as  in  the  Confed- 
eracy now,  the  Yankee  vandals  met  with  but  indifferent  success. 
The  Southern  people,  seeinsr  tho  current  of  events,  and  intentions 


74  THE    CONFEDEKATE/* 

of  the  Yankees,  went  to  the  assistance  of  the  slaveholders  in 
Kansas  ;  Yankee  superiority  in  numbers  was  not  sufficient  to  win 
'^hem  success  in  open  field  of  battle,  and  ajl  they  could  eii^^Qi  was, 
in  their  natural  and  craven  line  of  conduct,  a  little  stealing,  and 
an  occasional  myrder.  Still,  this  effort  of  the  Yankee  Abolition- 
ists was  not  wholly  unproductive  of  soivie  of  the  characteristic 
i-ices  and  evils,  which  seem  inevital>ly  to  attend  upon  all  the  ex- 
T>eriments  of  fanaticism. 

In  Kansas,  during  the  strife,  there    sprung  into  malign  existence 
the  inflimous  nam.e  and  oractices  of  Jayhawkers. 

There  rose  into  notoriety  the  ignoble  villains,  Montgomery  and 
Jim  Lane,  and  the  vulgar  ruffian  "  Ossawatamie,"  or  "  Old  John 
Brown."  There  originated  the  germ  of  the  same  John  Brown's 
murderous  raid  into  Virginia,  and  his  cold-blooded  cruelties  and 
murders  at  Harper's  F^ry.  This  was  the  second  scene  in  the 
Abolition  drama  which  had  opened  in  Kar-sas.  But  the  plans  of 
the  principal  actors  had  now  changed  ;  their  tactics  were  altered 
entirely.  In  Kansas. the  Yankees  had  proposed  to  themselves  the 
congenial  task  pf^-obbing  and  destroying  Southerners,  by  over- 
whelming numbers,  it  is  true,  but  still  in  a  manner  somewhat 
open,  and  a  character  witWsome  specious  pretensions  to  manliness, 
but  at  Harper's  Ferry  everything  was  to  be  done  in  darkness,  in 
^ecresy,  and  in  entire  concealment ;  gi'obberies'  and  conflagrations, 
murders,  outrages  and  assassinations,  were  all  to  be  confined  to 
the  hours  of  night !.,  The  hellish  project  failed,  in  a  great  measure  ; 
its  instruments  were  7iiostly  shot,  or  captured  and  punished  more 
or  less  ;  and  Old  John  Brown  fell  into. the  hands  of  Virginia  and 
Governor  Wise,  and  was  hanged. 

These  impressive  and  instructive  lessons  were  not  wholly  lost 
upon  the  Southern  people.  They  began  to. see  and  appreciate  the 
position  the}-  would  occupy,  should  this  vile  and  unscrupulous 
iabble  of  Abolition  ever  obtain  power  to  carry  out  their  wicked 
and  pernicious  designs,  it  was  well  that  the  South  was  aroused, 
fur  the  time  was  rapidly  approaching  ..when  to  have  been  found 
sleeping  upon  their  posts  would  have  proved  irretrievable  disas- 
ter, and  utter  ruin  to  her  and  to  her .  cause..  The  Abolitionists 
had  long  been  striving  for  the  attainment  of  power  commensurate 
with  their  fanatical  and  destructive   designs.     For  this   they  had 


THE  CONFEDERATE,  75 

labored  day  and  night,  jn  season  and  out  of  season,  by  all  means 
however  grovelling  and  debased ;  and  this  power  they  had,  to  a 
considerable  degree  acquired.  Town  by  town,  county  by  comity, 
State  after  State,  they  had  brought  into  their  ranks,  until  the 
whole  North 'had  ^ubiiiitted  to  their  sway.  Their  power  and  in- 
fluence wure  manifested  in  the  passage  of  what  they  called  "per- 
sonal liberty"  acts,  by  the  legislatures  of  all  of  the  Northern 
•States.  These  "  personal  liberty  bills"  were  for  the  protection 
and  security  of  the  runaway  slave,  and  in^osed,  in  most  cases, 
the  punishment  of  fine  and  imprisonment  upon  the  master  who 
dared  to  seek  -for  the  restoration  of  nis  property.  They  were  in 
direct  violation  of  the  Constitution,  the  laws  of  Gv)ngress,  and  the 
decisions  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States.  They  were' 
complete  "  nullification,"  and  they  were  carried  into  operation. 
They  amounted,  essentially,  as  a  destruction  of  the  Constitution 
and  a  dissolution  of  the  Union.  In  the  greater  part  of  these  States 
laws  were  enacted  refusing  the  use  of  t^Q  legal  prisons  of  the 
State  to  the  officers  of  the  United  States  for  the  safe  keeping  of 
refugee  slaves  whom  they  had  captured. 

But  all  this  power,  and  it  will  be  readily  perceived  that  it  was 
a  tremendous  one,  did  not  satisfy  the  Yankees.  It  had  proved 
instifiicient  to  enable  them  to  carry  out,  with  entire  success  and 
triumph,  their  devilish  enterprises  in  Kansas  and  in  Virginia.  The 
ai(i  of  the  State  power,  and  the  assistance  of  the  State  Governors, 
had  enabled  them  to  do  much  evil — to  inflict  many  injuries,  and 
pei^petrate  many  wrongs  and  outrages  upon  the  South,  but  the  ex- 
tent of  this  power  was  too  limited,  and  its  field  of  operations  too 
confined,  to  afford  a  proper  arena  for  the  display  of  their  infernal 
ability,  and  the  full  accomplishment  of  the  fiendish  objects  con- 
templated and  proposed  by  their  evil  and  malevolent  genius.  ^No 
more  contracted  area  than  all  the  States  of  the  whole  Union  would 
satisfy  their  unlimited  ambition ;  no  power  less  extensive  than  that 
of  the  whole  Federal  Government  would  answer  their  unmeasured 
requirements ;  no  influence  lower,  or  less  potent,  than  that  of  the 
President  of  the  United  States  would  enable  them  to  realize,  in 
full  fruition,  all  the  ferocious  p\^ns  of  their  diabolical  infatuation. 
Tliey  determined  to  seize  the  reins  of  the  Federal  Government, 
to  take  the  control  of  the  political  destinies  of  the  whole  country 


76  ,        THE  CONFEDERATE. 

into  their  own  hands — to  lill    Congress  with  their   creatures,  and 
place  their  puppet  in  the  White  House. 

They  resolved  to  malvc  a  desperate  struggle  |br  the  possession 
of  all  the  influence,  the  2^'^^siige  and  the  power,  which  attach  to 
the  name  of  the  Government ;  they  spared  no /means,  neglected 
no  appliances,  omitted  no  efforts,  to  secure  the  victory,  and  they 
succeeded.  Abraham  Lincoln,  their  candidate,  their  thorough 
proselyte,  their  zealous  partisan  and  friend,  was  elected,  by.  a 
minority  vote.  President  of  the  United  States* 

But  he  v\'as  the  last  one  ever  to  be  elected  to  that  once  august  office. 

Buchanan  was  the  last  actual  President,  and  Lincoln  is  the  last 
President  elect  of  the  old  United  States.  Others  may  bear  the 
title,  perhaps,  but  no  one  will  ever  again  exercise  official  power 
or  authority  over  all  the  territory  once  embraced  in  the  limits  of 
the  United  States.  The  Abolitionists  succeeded  in  electing  their 
candidate,  but  they  were  not  destined  to  reap  the  tyiticipated  fruits 
of  their  victory. 

The  Yankees'  first  wild  cry  of  exultation  was  scarcely  uttered j 
when  they  began  to  perceive  that  they  had,  in  reality,  but  little 
ground  for  triumph  and  gratulation.  Scarcely  had  they  raised  the 
cup,  and  tasted  the  first  delicious  flavor  of  power,  when  it  was 
dashed  from  their  lips,  and  shattered  to  atoms.  WJien  the  elec- 
tion of  Lincoln  w^as  ascertained  to  be  beyond  a  doubt.  South  Car- 
olina at  once  seceded  from  the  Union;  she  was  soon  followed  jjy 
others,  until  she,  and  Georgia,  Florida,  Alabama,  Mississippi, 
Louisiana,  Texas,  Arkansas,  Missouri,  Virginia,  North  Carolina, 
Tennessee  and  Kentucky,  had  quietly  but  firmly  cut  off  their  con- 
nection with  the  old  Union,  and  formed  amongst  themselves  an 
independent  association,  which  i§  known  by  the  title  of  the  Con- 
federate States. 

They  endeavored  to  make  a  just  and  equitable  settlement  with 
the  Government  at  Washington,  and  to  withdraw  in  peace.  ^  The 
miserable  and  disgraceful  shuffling,  duplicity  and  falsehood  of 
Lincoln  and  his  unprincipled  Cabinet,  and  their  final  open  and  un- 
questionable treachery,  are  familiar  to  us  all,  and  are  known  to 
the  world.  The  result  was  the  taking  of  Fort  Sumter  by  South 
Carolina,  and  the  commencement  of  open  war.  The  Abolitionists 
stood  aghast  at  the  unexpected  result  of  their  own  handiwork. 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  77 

The  whole  result  for  which  they  had  toiled,  and  intrigued,  and 
lied,  and  sinned,  for  nearly  half  a  century,  had  slipped  through 
their  fingers  in  the  very  hour  of  their  fencied  triumph  and  secu- 
rity. Those  very  Southern  States  which  they  had  so  long  ruled 
unjustly  and  oppressively,  and  which  they  had  fondly  hoped  they 
should  now  be^able  to  rule  absolutely,  and  at  their  pleasure,  they 
found,  to  theit  terror  and  amazement,  that  they  were  not  to  rule 
at  all.  That  the  only  way  by  which  they  could  govern  one  nfan 
in,  or  one  acre  of  Southern  soil,  was  war — and  a  war  where  viC' 
tory  was  by  no  means  certain  to  be  in  their  favor,*  and  where  a 
bitter  and  tremendous  struggle,  with  great  suffering  and  loss,  even 
on  their  side,  was  well  assured.  Buchanan's  term  of  office  expired, 
and  it.  became  necessary  that  their  champion,  and  the  exponent  of 
their  doctrines,  should  be  inaugurated. 

Then  was  seen,  for  the  first  time  in  history,  the  elected  Chief 
Magistrate  of  a  powerful  people  cravenly  and  sneakingly  slipping 
in  disguise  into  the  capital  of  the  country,  to  assume  the  reins  of 
government ! 

Then  w\as  seen,  for  the  first  time  in  the  history  of  this  country, 
that  same  Chief  Magistrate,  in  abject  terror  of  his  life,  inaligu- 
rated  into  his  high  office  under  the  countenance  and  protection  of 
shining  bayonets,  gleaming  swords  and  loaded  cannon. 

What  a  sad  spectacle  for  the  contemplation  of  the  admirer  of 
republics,  and  the  lovers  of  free  governments  ! 

But  the  shameful  scene  is  over,  and  by  the  aid  of  a  disguise, 
and  a  hireling  soldiery,  Lincoln  has  become  President  of  ^uch 
portions  of  the  old  United  States  as  are  willing  to  acknowdedge  his 
^way. 

But  what  shall  he,  and  his  wild,  mad,  disappointed  faction  do 
now  ?  The  alternative  lies  between  a  peaceable  release*  of  all 
claim  to  power  or  autfhority  over  the  Southern  States,  or  a  bloody 
and  protracted  war.  The  conclusion  to  which  he  and  they  would 
naturally  come  need  not  have  been  doubtful.  That  a  horde  of 
wild  fanatics,  whose  appropriate  motto  would  be,  from  their  very 
origin,  "  rule  or  ruin,"  should  decide  in  favor  of.  war  was  per- 
fectly natural,  and  indeed  inevitable.  Without  war  they  must 
quietly  yield  up  their  power  to  tax,  to  oppress,  and  to  persecute 
the  South.     Rather  than  relinquish,  for  all  time  to  come,  these 


78  THE  CONFEDERATE. 

dear  deliorhts,  let  blood  flow  in  torrents,  and  treasure  be  wasted 
like  water  ! 

In  perfect  keeping,  •  and  entire  consistency  with"  all  their  past 
history,  and  tliat  of  their  whole  race,  the  Yankees  chose  war.  . 

What  to  them  were  the  rights  of  others,  when  they  stood  in  the 
way  of  their  fanaticism?  What  to  them-'  was  taxation,  or. death 
in  the  filed  of  battle  1  They  would  cunningly  avoid  the  one,  and 
cr^venly  shun  the  other.  These  evils  were  for  others — not  for 
them  ;  were  they  not  the  "  cute  Yankees  1 " 

The  war  in^igurated  by  their  selfishness  and  arrogance  is  now 
raging.  In  my  next  number  I  purpose  to  show  how  they  have 
prospered  in  it.  ' 


THE    CONFEDERATE. 


t:n  o.  11. 


In  the  last  number  v:o  have  seen  the  success  of  Yankee  fanati- 
cism in  the  dissolution  of  the  Union,  the  overthrow  ol"  the  Great 
Republic,  and  the  inauguration  of  a  tremendous  civil  war.  These 
deplorable  results  are  due  to  Yankee  bigotry  and  intolerance 
alone.  The  Yankees  have  won  the  just  meed  of  the  scorn,  the 
contempt  and  the  hatred  of  the  whole,  civilized  world,  and  the  ab- 
horrence of  posterity  for  all  succeeding  time.  They  have  set  the 
world  on  fire,  and  will  be  ren^iembered  with  Erostratus !  Branded 
by  a  history,  blackened  in  every  page  by  the  records  of  disgrace- 
ful achievements,  they  have  succeeded,  at  last,  in  winning  an  odious 
celebrity,  and- damned  themselves  to  an  infamous  immortality 
which  totally  eclipses  tfe  turpitude  of  their  worthy  brother,  Ben- 
edict Arnold,  and  must  greatly  mitigate  the  self  reproach,  and 
alleviate  the  remorse,  of  Judas  Iscariot. 

Having  resolved  upon  the  subjugation  of  a  people  over  whom 
they  had  no  shadow  of  just  claim  to  any  authority,  the  Yankees, 
with  their  invariable  hypocrisy,  sought  to  justify  their  violent  and 
despoticf  conduct  by  pretensions  and  assertions  equally  specious 
and  fallacious.  They  would,  if  possible,  hoodwink  the  world,  and 
make  it  believe  that  their  cause,  instead  of  being  one  of  aggres- 
sion and  oppression,  was  that  of  order  and  legal  right.  They 
wea*e  not  plunging  the  country  into  all  the  horrors  of  a  terrible 
iiiternecine  war  for  the  empty  bauble  of  power,  or  the  ignoble 
ends  of  gain," but  for  the  "  Constitution  as  it  is,"  and  tlie  "  Union 
as  it  was  "  !  Doubtless,  when  they  found  they  could  gain  no  more, 
this  would,  for  the  present,  have  satisfied  them  ;  for,  in  truth,  the 
"Constitution,"  by  their  mal-practices  and  State  laws,  had  become 
a  mere  dead  letter,  and  the  "  Union,"  by  their  knavery,  was  made 
only  one  broad  field  for  their  exactions,  extortions  and  peculations. 


80  THE   CONFEDEKATE. 

In  addition,  they  were  the  ostensible  defenders  of  the  "  honor  of 
the  National  Flag"' !  This,  like  the  former,  was  a  flilse  and  un- 
founded pretension.  The  Flag  for  which  they  professed  such  de- 
voted affection  was  not  surrounded  by  any  prestige  of  glorious 
association.  Adopted  by  Congress,  in  1818,  it  had  never  floated 
over  any  field  for  the  maintenance  of  the  honor  of  the  country,  or 
the  defence  of  human  rights. 

Its  o!ily  claims  to  distinction  were  the  somewhat  cfoubtfaj  glories 
of  the  FJoiida,  the  Black  Hawk,  and  the  Mexican  wars — doubtful, 
because  the  causes  in  which  they  wore  gained  were  of  rather  ques- 
tionable right,  justice  and  magnanimity.  It  was  truly  in  fine  keep- 
ing with  their  A\;hole  history-  that  the  Yankees  should  be  the  people 
to  precipitate  this  unjust  and  unnatural  war.  Their  native  home, 
New  England,  had  been  the  source  of,  or  the  efficient  agent,  in 
causing  all  the  rebellions,  insurrections  and  civil  strife,  Avhich  have 
dishonored  our  country's  character.  There  arose  the  ''Shay's  Re- 
bellion," the  "  Dorr  Insurrection,"  and  the  "  Hartford  Conven- 
tion," whose  now  well  ascertained  purpose  was  to  organize  an 
armed  resistance  to  the  Government  of  the  United  States,  which 
treasonable  design  was  only  prevented  J^'om  manifesting  itself 
openly  by  the  promptitude  of  the  United  States  in  concluding  a 
precipitate  treaty  of  peace,  conceded  to  the  clamors  of  the  North 
at  the  expense  of  the  cause  for  which  the  war  was  begun,  the  dig- 
nity of  the  Government,  and  the  rights  of  the  people.  Resolved 
upon  an  act  of  baseness,  in  bringing  on  a- civil  war,  the  Yankees, 
by  a  flitality' we*" might  consider  singular,  were  it  not  characteristic 
of,  and  in  entire  keeping  with,  their  invariable  course  thioughout 
their, entire  history,  were  obliged,  by  tlieir  natural  proclivity  to 
degradation,  to  superadd  to  the  act  itself  any  available  accessories 
of  disgrace.  The  doctrine  of  State  Rights  had  been  carried  into 
effect  in  the  enactment  of  the,  so-called,  *•  Personal  Liberty  bills," 
by  every  one  of  the  Yankee  States,  and  the  Federal  Constitution- 
and  laws  set  at  defiance.  The  State  of  Massachusetts,  the  centre 
and  heart  of  New  England,  the  seat  of  the  "  Modern  Athens,"  the 
very  soul  of  Yankeedom,  and  the  hotbed  of  all  fanaticism  and 
superstition,  had  not  only  enacted  a  "  Personal  Liberty  bill,"  but 
had  passed-  a  series  of  "  Joint  Resolutions,"  still,  so  iar  as  I  am 
informed,  unrevoked,  declaring  that   "  when  Texas  came  into  the- 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  81 

Union,  Massachusetts  went  out."  Texas  divi  conic  into  the  Union, 
and  according  to  her  own  resolve,  Massachi^^setts  was  out — had.  in 
fact,  seceded. 

In  addition  to  all  this,  the  Hartford  Convention,  which  had 
assembled  at  Hartford,  in  the  State  of  Connecticut,  on  tiie  15tli 
day  of  December,  1S14,  had  adopted  a  report,  of  which  the  fol- 
lowing paragraph  forms  a  portion  : 

^^In  ea^es  oi^  deliberiiie,  dangerous  and  palpable  infractions  of  the 
Constitution,  affecting  the  sovereigatij  of  a  State.,  and  the  liberties 
of  the  people,  it  is  not  only  the  right.,  hut  the  chtty.,  of  each  State  P) 
interpose  its  authority  for  their  protection  i>i  the  manner  best  calcu- 
lated to  secure  thai  end.  When  emergcncl'es  occur 'which  are  cither 
beyond  the  reach  of  judicial  tribunals,  or  too  ^^?'e.95f?2^  to  admit  of 
the  delay  incident  to  their  forms,  States,  which  have  no  common 
■um2nre,  must  be  their  oivn  judges,  and  execute  their  oion  decisions.'''' 

Here  are  laid  down,  by  the  Yankees  themselves,  and  in  terms 
as  explicit  and  emphatic  as  the  most  ardent  States  Rights  man  or 
Secessionist  could  desire,  the  very  doctrines  of  State  Sovereignty 
and  Secession  which  the  South  has  ever  believed  and  maintained, 
and  for  which  she  is  now  battling  in  the  field.  To  justify  their 
vindictive  and  unrighteous  war  upon  the  South,  it  was  necessary 
for  the  Yankees,  with  characteristic  inconsistency,  to  act  in  direct, 
opposition  to  their  own  professed  principles,  in  open  violation  of 
the  teachings  of  their  own  example,  and,  by  their  shameless  ter- 
giversation, to  stultify  themselves  before  the  world.  To  these, 
and  other  acts  correspondingly  ignoble  and  degrading,  they  did  not 
hesitate  to  resort.  They  initiated,  and  still  conduct,  the  war  in  a 
spirit  of  bitter  malignity,  of  thieving  avar;ce,  of  wanton  destruc- 
tion, of  shameless  outrage  and  unbounded  cruelty,  totally  un^ 
worthy  of  a  civilized  people — unknown  in  the  annals  of  modern 
war,  and  which  would  reflect  shame  and  disgi-aee  upon  heathen 
Caffres  of  Africa,  or  the  brutalized  Bushman  of  Australia.  To 
increase  the  bands  of  armed  hirelings  they  were  raising  for  the 
slaughter  and  subjugation  of  a  free  people,  they  impressed  or  in- 
veigled into  their  rani;s  all  of  the  ignoi-ant,  pauper,  and  criminal 
emigrants  from  Europe,  and  emptied  their  jails  and  penitentiaries  ! 
Professing  to  the  South,  and  to  Europe,  that,  whatever  the  result 
of  the  war,  the  institution  of  slavery  should  not  be  interfered  with, 
or  in  any  manner  altered,  they  have,  from  the  very  outset,  stolen 


82-  Tii'E   CONFEDERATE. 

our  slaves  and  appropriated  their  labors  to  their  own  benefit,  ex- 
acting, at  the  same  time,  and  in  the  severest  manner,  the  utmost 
possible  amount  of  that  labor.  Pretending  that  they  \vould  re- 
spect private  property,  they  have,  in  all  cases,  greedily  stolen 
v/hat  they  could  convert  easily  to  their  own  use,  and  wantonly 
destroyed  what  they  could  not  take  away.  In  a  spirit  of  vandal 
recklessness  they  have  burned  private  dwellings,  pillaged  and  de- 
stroyed private  and  public  libraries,  and  without.  Juiy  military 
necessity,  wasted  and  desolated  the  country  wherever  they  have 
passed,  with  hejiriless  and  saviige  barbarity.  In  the  lace  of  their 
solemn  assurances  to  Europe,  by  Seward,  Adams  and  Dayton, 
Lincoln,  in  his  Proclam;Uion  of  September,  endorsed  and  enforced 
as  far  as  he  could  by  that  of  the  1st  January,  has  announced  eman- 
cipation, instant  and  unlimited,  of  all  the  slaves  in  the  South. 

True  it  is,  as  has  been  well  said  by  some  of  the  English  papers, 
this  is  mere  hrutem  fulmen^  and  might  just  as  wisely  and  effectually 
have  been  extended  to  Brazil  and  to  Africa,  as  confined  to  •  the 
Confederate  States,  but  it  shows  the  immeasurable  falsehood  and 
baseness  of  the  Yankee  character  and  Government,  and  displays, 
in  their  true  colors,  their  bitter  animosity  and  implacable  hatred 
towards  our  country  and  our  people.  Erom  the  first  despotic 
commencement,  in  Baltimore,  the  Yankees  have  observed  neither 
truth,  nor  faith,  nor  justice,  nor  decency. 

They  have  trampled  upon  all  laws,  and  made  the  tyrannical  will 
of  a  military  dictator,  wherever  their  forces  have  been  in  the 
ascendancy,  the  sole  legislative  and  judicial  arbiter.  Eree  and 
unoffending  citizens  have  been  arrested,  in  the  day  and  in  the  night, 
without  legal  warrant,  and  kurried  from  their  homes  to  some  mil- 
itary Bastile,  where  they  have  remained  incarcerated  for  months, 
not  only  without  trial,  but  without  accusation,  but  merely  on  the 
suspicion  of  their  entertaining  Southern  sympathies  ! 

Women,  of  education  and  refinement,  have,  in  the  same  lawless 
manner,  been  long  imprisoned  in  houses,  inconvenient,  unhealthy, 
and  without  comfort,  expose^!  at  all  times,  ai>d  generally  under 
their  close  surveillance,  to  the  insults  of  a  base,  licentious  and  un- 
principled soldiery.  Even  children  have  been  arrested  in  the 
streets,  and  plundered  of. their  toys,  or  theii*  apparel,  because  they 
either  did,  or  were  supposed  to,  display  the  colors  of  the  South. 


THE   CONFEDEPtATE.  83 

What  a  holy  horror  have  the  Yankocs  manifested  of  the  stars  and 
bars  of  our  iiag,  and  the  gray  color  of  onr  soldiers'  uniforms ! 
.  These  autocratic  pmcecdings,  first  enforced  against  Southerners, 
with  the  sanction  and  apphiuse  of  tlie  North,  Ity  th.e  Linc.dn  des- 
potism, were  sodu  e\tcnde(f  to. their  own  citizens;  This,  continued 
and  increased  to  the  present  time,  lias  begun  to  excite  some  alarm 
amongst  the  Yardices  themselves.  They  are  beginning  to  perceive 
that  in  the  ejj^rt  to  usurp  the  lihu.rties  of  the  South,  they  have 
raised  up  a  power  which  has  strip] icd  Uwm  n{  their  own.  They 
will  appreciate  this  more  fully  hererd'ter.  Liberty,  law,  and  con- 
stitutional government  have  disappeared  from  the  North  forever. 
A  stern  and  grinding  despotism  now  rules,  and  will  long  continue 
to  rule,  that  abject  and  degraded  people.  In  this  we,  of  the  South, 
can  feel  but  little  interest.  A  population  so  willing  to  bow^  to 
the  power,  and  lay  their  dearest  rights  at  the  feet,  of  a  fanatical 
and  despotic  ])uffoon,  in  order  that  they  may  be  enabled  to  gratify 
their  unappeasable  hatred,  and  glut  their  immeasurable  avarice,  in 
the  enslavement  and  plunder  of  a  free  people,  can  claim  but  little 
sympathy  in  their  bondage,  from  any  one,  and  least  of  all  from  the 
South.  •  • 

The  infamon?!  notoriety  won  by  the  North  in  the  atrocities  which 
have  characterized  their  conduct  of  this  war  is,  by  no  means,  to 
be  confined  to  the  subalterns,  or  the  rabble  of  the  Yankee  army. 
In  the  eternal  shame  and  diso-race  of  their  inimmerable  savage 
enormities,  their  wholesale  burglaries,  their  arsons,  their  rapes, 
and  their  murders,  their  Generals  and  Commanders-in-Chief 
share  in  all  the  disgrace,  and  will  participate  in  all  the  obloquy, 
which  history  and  posterity  will  award  to  their  crimes,  with  the 
lowest  of  their  subordinates.  Amongst  these  the  lying  Pope,  in 
his  orders  in  Virginia,  and  the  assassin  McNeill,  in  his  murders 
in  Missouri,  stand  in  a  light  somewhat  unenviably  conspicuous; 
but  high  above  them  all,  the  Beast  Butler,  in  his  reign  of  terror 
in  New' Orleans,  has  attained  an  eminence  of  intamy  which  dwarfs 
their  minor  claims  to  indelible  disgrace  into  compar;!tively  pigmy 
dimensions.  To  the  proceedings  <')f  this  unmitigated  moral  mon- 
ster, this  modern  Polyphemus,  I  must  give  a  somewhat  particular 
attention.  To  compare  him  to  Suwarrow  or  Haynau  would  be 
the  wildest  extravagance  of  flattery,     lie  commejictd  his  disjiraci- 


84     .  THE   CONFEDERATK. 

fill  career  in  the  city  of  Inoav  Orleans  by  the  cold-blooded  niurder 
of  Mumford,  ^Yhich  remains,  inexplicably,  unaverjged«by  our  Gov- 
ernraent  to  the  present  time.  The  infamous  order  which  has  foi*- 
ever  associated  his  name  with  those  of  the  vilest  and  most  de- 
graded, of  all  the  human  monsters  whb  have  disgraced  their  kind, 
appeared  speedily  after  his  occupation  of  the  city.  In  order  to 
do  full  justice  to  the  enormities  of  this  human  Brute,  .1  shall  avail 
mvself  of  a  oortion  of  the  Messa<^e  of  the  GovMiior  of  Louisi- 
ana  to  the  Legislature  of  the  State,  where  they  are  forcibly  and 
eloquently  depicted  : 

In  a  short  time  the  enemy  entered  (New  Orlealis),  and  its  Gen- 
eral comm.euced  a  career  of  brutality  and  ingenious  villainy  to 
which  no  parallel  can  be  found  in  the  history  of  conquered  cities. 
Soon  the  celebrated  order  was  issued,  inviting  his  soldiery  to  the 
jrratification  of  the  most  beastful  lusts  upon  our  noble-hearted 
women.  The  abhorrent  disgust  spontaneously  expreseed  by  the 
civilized  world  at  this  brutal  ifuffianism,  extorted  a  lame  apology 
and  impotent  justification  .of  the  outrage,  but  his  subsequent 
actions  evince  that  it  was  the  natural  emanation  of  a  mind  capable 
only  of  the  vilest  thoughts,  and  guided  by  the  lowest  instincts  of  a 
depraved  nature.  The  history  of  his  despotio*  domination  over 
our  fellov/  citizens  of  New  #rleans  stands  out  as  a  beacon  light  to 
warn  other  communities  that  destruction  is  preferable  to  such  hu- 
miliation, and  to  justify  to  the  world  the  righteousness  of  resist- 
ance to  a  nation  whose  Rulers  and  Generals  transplant  to  the  nine- 
teenth century  the  maxims  of  conduct  which  were  thought  to  have 
been  buried  fimong  the  records  of  heathenish  antiquity. 

You  will  find  on  our  recovery  of  the  capital  evidences  of  the 
same  vandalism.  The  majestic  statue  of  the  revered  examplar  of 
resistance  to  tyranny,  with  which  the  liberality  of  your  predeces- 
sors had  adorned  the  State  House,  has  'been  abstracted,  and  the 
valuable  library,  the  accumulation  of  successive. years  of  judicious 
expenditure,  has  been  partially  destroyed,  and  the  residue  removed. 
The  doors  of  the  penitentiary  were  opened  by  these  avengers  of 
desecrated  laws,  and  the  whole  of  the  convicts  were  turned  loose 
and  invited  to  become  volunteers  in  their  crusade  f6r  tlie  re-estab- 
lishment of  the  Union  and  the  supremacy  of  law.  Some  accepted 
the  invitation,  and  joined  the  ranks  of  their  fellows  in  the  Federal 
army.  Others  refused  indignantly,  and  avoided  compulsory  ser- 
vice'by  flight.  A  large  number  Have  been  carried  to  New  Orleans 
and  imprisoned  for  their  refusal. 

Spoliation  of  private  property  has  been  systematically  incul- 
cated among  their  needy  soldiery,  and  here,  as  elsewhere  in  our 
countrv,  the  costly  furniture  and  ornaments  of  private  residences 


THE    CONFEDERATE.  85 

have  been  purloined,  and  (lospatehed  with  eager  linstc  to  mlovn  the 
hulls  of  pauper  adventurers.  The  transparent  veil  of  war  for  the 
restoratiou  of  the  Constitution  and  the  Union,  witli  which  the 
Government  and  followers  of  Lincoln  have  vainly  endeavored  to 
conceal  their  designs,  has  been  penetrated  at  last  even  by  a  portion 
of  their  <)wn  subjects,  and  the  truth  seems  about  to  dawn  upon 
them,  that  in  the  effort  to  destroy  our  liberties,  tliey  have  madly 
lost  their  own.  What  sacrifices  shall  we  not  endure  i-ather  tlian 
be  reunited  in  a  (jlovernment  which  has  cotnitenanced  such  atroci- 
ties, and  has  made  a  once  honored  republic  tire  reproach  of  the 
world ! 

That  all  these  and  many  other  enormities,  such  as  compellins; 
planters  to  divide  their  crops  with  'his  brother,  Ar.  J.  Butler,  or 
to  have  their  negroes  driven  off,  and  their  homes  and  property 
burned  and  w.-isted,  the  robbery  of  the  citizens  of  their  gold  and 
silver,  their  bills  of  exchange,  and  other  commercial  representa- 
tiv,es  of  money,  and  their  remittance  to  the  North  in  his  own 
name  and  for  the  enrichment  of  himself;  and  the  systematic  em- 
bezzlement of  the  commissary  and  other  stores  of  his  own  Gov- 
ernment, were  practised  by  this  hoary  reprobate  is  indisputable. 
It'  is  even  vouched  for  by  the  letters  of  his  Yankee  confreres  who 
were  residents  of  New  Orleans  dm'ing  the  time  of  his  domination. 
Yet,  in  defiance  of  the-public  opinion  of  the  civilized  world,  this  same 
Butler,  I'eluctantly  superseded  at  the  latest,  in  compliance  with 
the  indignant  remonstrances  of  the  representative  of  the  French 
Government,  is  received  in  New  York  city  with  an  ovation,  and 
the  Yankee  Congress,  insensible  of  shame  and  of  decency  alike, 
endorse  all  his  villainous  conduct,  and  fully  participate  in,  while 
they  in  no  degree  diminish  the  qn.antity  or  the  quality  of  his  utter 
infamy,  by  passing  a  vote  of  thanks  to  this  vile  murderer,  de- 
bauchee and  marauder.  • 

From  the  outbreak  of  the  war,  the  Yankees  have  been  vainglo- 
rious and  boastful  of  wonderf^al  and  gallant  feats  which  they  "  were 
going"  to  perform.  Their  bravado,  like'that  of  all  braggadocios, 
has  been  most  ridiculously  belied  by  their  constituiionally  craven 
conduct. 

■'  All  the  hard  fighting  of  this  war,  and  all  the  bravciy  shown, 
has  been  done,  and  exhibited,  by  the  people  of  the  West,  who  arc 
as  naturally  brave  as  the  Yankees  are  naturally  cowards.  The 
Yankees  have  placed  their  confidence  in  their   '-chariots  and  their 


86  THE   CONFEDEFwATE. 

horsemen"  alone.  They  have  not  remembered  that  ''  the  hattlo 
IS  nut  always  to  the  strong.*'  They  h:i\e  trusted  to  overwhelm- 
ing numbers,  and  the  power  17*1  v.en  to  them  bv  the  use  of  their  onlv 
goJ — Money,  forgetting  that  "The  Lord  He  is  God,  and  thr.t  Ho 
ruieth  in  the  hosts- of  Heaven  and  ilio  ai  in  ies  <.)f  earth.''  With 
their  great  Anaconda  they  wore  '•  to  crush  out  the  rebellion  in 
nitiety  days"' ;  but  four  times  ninety  days  have  elapsed,  and  the 
'' rebellion"  is  not  "crushed"  out,  but  the  Anac(jaida  is.  In  the 
contraction  of  its  huge  coils  for  the  crushing  operation,  it  came  in 
contact  with  a  resistancxi  "from  Southern  (ire  and  kSputhern  steel,  at 
"Manassas,  at  Columbus,  at  Corintli,  at  Richmond,  at  Frederick.--- 
burg,  at  Vicksburg,  and  many  other  places,  which  not  only  aston-" 
ished  the  crushers,  and  prevented  the  crushing,  but  pretty  eifect- 
ualiy^"  scotched  the  snake  "!  In  almost  every  battle  the  Yankees 
have  either,  as  at  Manassas,  marched  away  from  the  Held,  before 
the  figlit,  to  the  sound  of  our  guns,  (.)r  if  they  aw^aited  the  first 
.shock,  have  been  scattered  like  sheep  by  our  gallant  soldiery, 
leaving  the  foreign  and  Western  troops  to  bear  the  heat  and  bur- 
den of  the  day,  and  to  fight  out  the  war  which  Yankee  fanaticism 
had. begun.  On  the  land,  though  usually  greatly  outnuiubered, 
we  heave  in  a  large  majority  of  our  battles  defeated  the  enemy'. 
They  have  never  won  any  success,  unless  wdien  they  were  at  least 
three  or  four  to  one,  and  even  in  some  of  these  unequal  conflicts 
we  have  been  victorious.  On  the  w-ater,  the  Yankees'  own  chosen 
and  boasted  field,  iiaving  no  Jiavy,  we  have  had  bat  little  opportu- 
2iity  U)  try  conclusions  with  them  ;  still,  I  inuigine,  they  retain  no 
very  flattering  memories  of  the  exploits  of  the  ram  Manassas,  the 
Virginia,  the  Arkansas,  aud  of  the  Sumter  and  the  290,  or  Ala- 
bama ;  an^  now  let  them  look  out  for  the  Florida.  With  their 
tremendous  army,  which  they  boast  of  as  containing  over  a  mil- 
lion of  men — with  an  immense  na\'y  in  their  hands,  and  none  to 
oppose  them — with  an  >e,xpcnditure  of  a  thousand  millions  of  dol- 
lars, already  squandered,  and  more  than  a  thousand  millions  of 
dollars  already  appropriated,  the  Yankees  have  effected  nothing 
towards  the  accomplishment  of  their  great  end — the  subjugation 
of  the  South. 

In  the  meantime,  the  disgrace  of  tlieir  Government,  in  the  Cabi-  • 
net,  has  bei.n  more  complete  than  that  of  their  armies  in  the  field. 


THE   CONFEDEKATE.  87 

Willi  the  mingled  whining  and  bullying  of  a  braggart  ar.d  a  cow- 
urd,  the  Yankee  Government,  in  teJTible  fear  that  England  or 
franco  might  sometime  render  ns  that  justice  due  alike  to  us  and 
themselves,  by  recognition  or  intervention,  have  endeavored  to 
stave  oft' the  dreaded  \3vil  by  jVitiful  aj^peals  to  amity  and  friendlv 
existing  relations,  and  contemptible  threatenings  of  vengeance  in. 
case  of  interference  ;  they  would  then  not  only  subdue  us,  which 
they  cannot  now  do,  but  would,  at  tlie  same  time,  fearfully  punish 
both  Great  jjritain  and  France!  Miserable,  shameless  Yankees, 
at  all  times  alike  contemptible  and  revolting  !  England  and 
Eraiice  have  both  shown  an  unfair  preference  in  favor  of  the  Yan- 
kee Government,  by  denying  us  our  just  rights,  in  accordance  with 
their  own  established  usage,  and  their  own  construction  of  Inter- 
iiational  Law.  Not  content  with  this,  the  Yankees  threaten  them. 
with  condign  punishment  should  they  ever  presume  to  right  the 
wrong  !  To  gain  an  a%^antage  over  the  South  the  Yankees 
humiliated,  themselves  by  voluntarily,  and  unasked,  yielding  their 
assent  to  the  Paris  treaty  relative  to  privateers,  which  in  the  hour 
of  their  pride  they  had  refused.  But  this  was  not  to  be  tlieironly 
humiliation  in  the  eyes  of  Europe.  In  the  mad  presumption,  so 
truly  Yankee  in  its  character,  Wilkes  had  insulted  the  British  flag, 
and  taken  from  under  its  protection  the  Commissioners  of  the 
Confederate  States.  The  act  was  an  act  of  piracy,  but  all  Yan- 
keedom  was  in  an  extacy  of  joy  and  jubilation  j  Congress  ap- 
plauded, and  the  Yankee  Secretary  of  the  Navy  complimented 
Wilkes,  and  the  city  of  New  York  feted  him.  Eor  a  short  time 
Wilkes,  the  Yankees,  and  their  Govern ment^  were  in  all  their  glory. 
But  their  triumph  was  of  brief  duration.  All  England  was  in  a 
tempest  of  indignation,  and  the  partial  Governmen-t  was  compelled 
to  act  justly,  promptly  and  vigorously.  The  Yankees  would  have 
temporized,  but  this  was  not  permitted.  Finally,  after  all  their 
boasting,  the  prisoH^-s  so  gloried  over  were  humbly  restored  to  a 
British  deck,  and  Seward,  conscious  of  the  absurd  and  ridiculous 
position  of  himself  and  his  Government,,  promulgated  a  long- 
winded  and  rambling  letter  of  explanation",  which  concluded  witli 
the  ludicrous  statement  that  '•  the  prisoners  were  restored  in  con- 
formity with  established  American  precedent  and  usage"  !  If  so, 
^    why  were  they  ever  imprisoned,  or  why  not  released  until  peremp 


88  TIIE  CONFEDERATE. 

toriiy  demanded  ?  But  all  the  world  understands  the  full  merits 
of  the  case.  The  Yankees  yielded  to  fear  what  they  refused  to 
justice.  Never  was  the  Prime  Minister,  even  of  the  most  petty 
German  State,. so  humiliated,  so  degraded,  so  trampled  on. 


THE    CONFEDERATE. 


ISTo.  13. 

War,  like  intoxication,  whether  that  of  alcohol  or  gambling, 
always  tears  away  the  veil  with  which  interest,  habit,  or  hypoc- 
risy, have  induced  men  to  shroud  and  conceal  their  true  charac- 
ters and  natural  propensities,  and  displays  the  real  individuality 
of  the  person  in  genuine  colors  and  natural  proportions.  It  has 
thus  unmasked  the  Yankees,  in  the  present  conflict,  no  less  com- 
pletely than  it  did  in  those  of  his  Puritan  progenitors,  whether 
with  Europeans  or  Indians.  While  making  themselves,  by  their 
'cowardice  and  pusillanimity,  in  the  affliirs  of  privateering  and  the 
Trent,  the  laughing-stock  of  Europe,  they  were  reaping  an  abun- 
dant harvest  of  undying  shame  and  reproach  by  their  perfidious^ 
and  savage  conduct  of  the  war  in  America.  Our  brave  privateers 
who  had  unfortunately  flillen  into  their  hands,  were  unfeelingly, 
and  in  the  gratification  of  an  inhuman  cruelty,  exhibited  in  fetters ; 
marched  manacled  through  the  streets  to  eater  to  the  base  pas- 
sions of  a  vile  rabble  ;  thrust  into  loathsome  dungeons  like  felons, 
and  threatened  with  the  gibbet !  This  threat  would,  undoubtedly, 
have  been  carried  out,  but  for  the  consequences  to  their  pet,  Co^ 
Corcoran,  and  some  others,  fortunately  in  our  hands  at  the  time, 
by  these  same  Yankees  who  have  been  the  most  wholesale  pri- 
vateers of  all  Christendom,  and  who  are,  many  of  them,  even  * 
now   luxuriating   in  the  .privateering  spoils  of  their  fathers  ! 

As  one,  amongst  in^umerable  other  instances  in  which  the  Yan- 
kees have  manifested  an  entire  destitution  of  honesty,  and  a  fair 
sample  of  their  morality,  may  be  cited  tlieir  persevering  efibrts  to 
flood  our  country  with  counterfeit  Confederate  money.  This  base 
proceeding  they,  instead  of  any  endeavor  at  concealment,  which 
an  instinctive  consciousness  and  shame  of  guilt  which  generally 
dictates  even  the  basest  of  men  in  their  disreputable  career,  the 


.90  THE  CONFEDERATE. 

Yankees,  with  imblushing  effrontery,  boldly  proclaim  to  the  world. 
Read  the  following  article,  cut  from  a  late  Mobile  Register  : 

Yankee  Honesty. — Counterfeiting  is  shamelessly  avowed  and 
published  to  the  world  at  the  North.  In  Harper's  Weekly  (Jan. 
10) — a  paper  which  pretends  to  some  decency — we  find  the  fol- 
lowing advertisement : 

Confederate  [Rebel)  Money. — Eac  simile   Treasury    Notes,  so. 
exactly  like  the  genuine  that  where  one  will  pass  current  the  other 
will  go   equally  as  well.     Five   hundred   dollars  in  Confederate 
Notes  of  all  denominations,  sent  by  mail,   postage   paid,  on  the 
receipt  of  $5,  by  W.  £.  Hilton, 

11  Spruce  street,  New  York.    . 

That  W.  E.  Hilton  is  a  consummate  scoundrel  is  an  unques- 
tionable fact,  and  that  the  Harpers  are  but  little  better  is  a  very 
fair  inference.  In  connection  with  the  above  extract  from  Harper's 
Weekly,  it  is  quite  refreshing  to  peruse  in  the  Yankee  histories  of 
the  Revolutionary  war,  their  fierce  and  bitter  reprobation  and  de- 
nunciation of  the  British  for  their  attempts  to  'depreciate  the 
American  currency  by  the  surreptitious  circulation  of  spurious  Conti- 
nental money.  The  pious  indignation  and  holy  horror  of  the  Yankee 
historians  are  unbounded !  But  this,  and  even  their  enormous 
plunderings  of  their  own  Government,  to  the  amount  of  millions, 
could  not  at  all  satiate  the  Yankee  cravings  of  avarice,  nor  check 
their  innate  proclivity  to  knavery.  Besides  their  wholesale  rob- 
beries of  the  Southern  and  the  Northern  Governments,  they  in- 
dulge themselves  in  their  wonted  avocation,  minor  peculation,  even 
at  the  expense  of  their  own  sick, and  wounded  soldiery.  See  the 
ajmexed  article  : 

Yankee  Like. — The  New   York   Tribune   says.it  is  currently 
reported  that  large. bundles  and  bales  of  new  bandages  and   lint, 
'contributed  by  the  people  for  poor  wounded  soldiers,  have  been 
sold  to  paper  makers  at  Dalton,  Mass. 

These  extracts  must  be  admitted  as  unquestionable  evidence,  as 
against  Yankees  and  Abolitionists,  for  they  are  taken  from  papers, 
one  under  the  editorial  control  of  Raymond,  and  the  other  under 
that  of  Greeley — two  as  genuine  Yankees,  and  as  bigoted  and 
fanatical  Abolitionists,  as  can  be  produced  in  all  New  England. 
In  conformity  to  their  natural  and  inherent  propensity  for  imita- 
tion, «spa«ially  iia  a«tions  of  very  questionalald  reputation,  the  Yau- 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  91 

kees  followed  the  example  of  Great  Britain  in  another  disrepu- 
table and  unjustifiable  practice,  of  M'hich  no  one  ever  complained 
more  lugubriously  than  they  did  'when  it  was  enforced  against 
themselves.  The  British,  considering  the  colonists  "  rebels " 
against  the  majesty  of  the  British  Empire,  refused,  for  a  longtime, 
to  release  their  captives  upon  any  terms  whatever.  The  Yankee 
newspapers  of  the  time,  and  all  their  histories  since,  teem  with 
doleful  descriptions  of  the  sufierings  of  the  republican  prisoners  in 
the  enemy's  jails  and  prison  hulks  !  So  the  Yankees,  affecting  to 
look  upon  Confederate  prisoners  as  "  rebels  "  against  their  majesty, 
determined  not  to  liberate  them  at  all,  either  on. parole,  or  in  ex- 
change. They  adhered  to  this  unfeelhig  decision  until  the  fiite  of 
war  had  thrown  the  larger  number  of  prisoners  into  the  hands  of 
the  Confederates. 

Then  the  Yankee  €rovernment,  driven,  at  last,  by  the  sufferings 
of  its  own  soldiers,  and  their  loud  and  bold  remonstrances,  as  well 
as  those  of  their  friends  and  relatives,  was  forced  to  abandon  the 
position  so  inhumanly  assumed.  It  still  pretended  to  consider 
the  Confederates  as  rebels,  and  itself  as  the  legitim'ate  and  only 
Government,  and,  being  a  persistent  stickler  for  forms  and  appear- 
ances when  in  accordance  witt  its  interests,  consented  only  to  an 
"  informal"  exchange.  Before  the  formalities  of  that  exchange ' 
could  be  completed,  the  chances  of  war,  by  the  fall  of  Fort  Don- 
elson,  had  thrown  the  balance  of  prisoners  considerably  in  its  own 
i^ivor.  Instantly,  with  wonted  treachery  and  bad  faith,  it  refused 
to  fulfill  its  agreements,  and  no  exchanges  were,  for  a  considerable 
time,  effected  !  The  career  of  the  Yankees  has  becij  distinguished, 
in  its  whole  course  .since  the  commencement  of  this  war,  by  un- 
provoked destruction  of  property,  and  inexcusable  waste  of  life. 
Even  as  I  write,  new  instances  of  their  destructive  and  barbarous 
proceedings  are  furnished  me,  in  great  abundance,  by  the  daily 
papers,  from  which  1  have  already  made,  and  shall  continue  to 
make  extracts.  Not  content  with  the  wanton,  lawless  burnings  of 
dwellings,  and  other  property,  by  their  unbridled  soldiery,  it  has 
been  encouraged  and  sanctioned  by  their  Generals,  who  by  their  offi- 
cial orders  and  personal  participation,  have  lent  their  countenance  to 
these  dastardly  crimes.     See  the  orda*  of  Brig,  Gen.  Mitchell : 


d2  THE  CONFEDERATE. 

Reauquarters  Post,      ) 
Nashville,  Temi.,  Jan.  1),  ISGo.-^' 

Special  Order  No-.  9. — I.  In  consequence  of  the  wanton  destruc- 
tion of  a  locomotive  and  construction  train  upon  the  Nashville  and 
Chattanooga  Railroad  this  day,  by  one  Richard  McCann  and 
Thomas  Kilkird,  leading  a  gang  of  outlaws,  the  property  of  those 
men  will  be  destroyed.  ■  Col.  Moore,  85th  Illinois  volunteers,  will 
proceed  immediately  with  his  regiment  along  the  line  of  the  Rail- 
road to  the  houses  of  the  j^ersons  above  named,  and  destroy  their 
houses,  barns,  fences  and  other  property  susceptible  of  destruction 
upon  their  respective  grounds,  by  fire  or  any  other  means  at  his 
command. 

11.  It  is  hereby  announced  that  the  property  of  all  parties  en- 
gaged in  interriipting  the  workings  of  the  Nashville  and  Chatta- 
nooga Railroad,  or  other  railroads  in  this  vicinity,  or  of  the  ])as- 
sage  of  the  Cumberland  river,  will  be  treated  in  like  manner  with 
the  property  mentioned  in  the  above  order,  so  far  as  it  is  in  the 
power  of  the  General  commanding  at  this  post  so  to  treat  it. 

in.  All  property  of  any  kind  belonging  to  any  rebel  or  rebel 
sympathizer,  found  wathin  one  mile  of  the  locality  of  any  similar 
outrage  perpetrated  upon  the  line  of  railroad,  or  on  the  banks  of 
the  river  in  this  vicinity,  will  be  destroyed  in  the  manner , de- 
scribed. 
.   By  order  of  Brig.  Gen.  R.  B.  Mitchell,  commanding  post. 

John  Pratt,  A.  A.  G. 

The'  "one  Richard  McCann  and  Thomas  Kilkird"  here  men- 
'tioned  in  the  first  section  of  this  order,  are  officers  in  the  service 
of  the  Confederate  States.  They  were  engaged  in  breaking  up 
the  communications  of  the  enemy  and  arresting  his  supplies,  things 
fully  sanctioned  by  usage  in  the  wars  of  the  most  enlightened 
nations,  and  practised  by  them  at  all  times.  The  "gang  of  out- 
laws" w^ere  Confederate  soldiers  \  Yet  the  property  of  these  offi- 
cers is  wantonly  destroyed  by  order  of  this  Yankee  General,  for 
the  crime  of  obeying  the  commands  of  their  own  Government. 

But  even  this  does  not  satisfy  the  destructive  propensiiles  of 
General  Mitchell.  By  the  third  section  of  this  order  the  property 
of  all  within  a  mile  of  the  place,  on  railroad  or  river,  where  the 
Confederate  forces  may  dare  to  interfere  with  His  Highness'  con- 
venience, is  to  be  ruthlessly  destroyed,  although  they  be  entirely 
innocent  of  any  complicity  with,  or  knowledge  of,  the  matter,  un- 
less they  are  recreants  and  traitors  to  their  country  !  In  murder- 
ing, the  Yankees  are  equally  discontented  with  being   confined  to 


THE  pONFEDEPwATE.  '  i),'; 

ininriiicd  and  urioflbnding  men,  and  have,  yxWa  the  saiicLkui  *.;i'  ihc; 
presence,  and  in  obedience  to  the  orders,  of  no  less  than  a  liehi 
officer,  commenced  the  cold-blooded  and  cowardly  assassination  of 
helpless  women  and  children,  as  seen  in  the  following-  article  : 

Murders  in  Missouri. — The  Jacicson  Crisis  pnblishes  the  fol- 
lowing stateinent  on  the  anth'ority  of  a  gentleman  direct  from  Mis- 
souri : 

Col.  Wm.  R.  Pennick,  in  command  of  a  regiment  of  militia,  not 
fong  since  left  St.  Joseph  with  his  troops  in  search  of  "  bnsh- 
whackei's,"  and  having  readied  Clay  county,  arrested  Chas.  Pul- 
lins,  who  le^'t  Bnehanan  in  company  with  Capt.  Gibson  I'or  the 
Southern  army.  Pulljns  was  taken  to  Liberty,  a  mock  trial  was 
gone  through  wi!:h,and  he  was  condemned  to  be  himg.  He 
offered  to  prove  that  he  was  a  regularly  enlisted  Confederate  sol- 
dier, but  N\  as  denied  the  privilege,  and  accordino-ly  hung.  After 
hanging  Pullins,  Pennick  proceeded  two  or  three  niiks  further, 
and  found  two  men  sitting  in  a  widow's  door.  He  asked  them  if 
they  knew  of  the  whereabouts  of  any  bushwhackers.  Upon  bein'>- 
answered  in^'the  negative  he  pnK'ceded  a  short  distance,  when  he 
Avas  attacked  and  his  regiment  repulsed  by  men  concealed  in  the  brush. 
Pennick  immediately  returned  to  the  widov/'s  house,  hung  the  two 
men  he  had  seen  there  and  burned  the  house.  Crossing  the  river 
into  Jackson  county,  nominally  in  search  of  Quantrel,  some  of  his 
men  arrested  a  boy  who  was  taking  clothes  to  Quantrel's  command. 
They  went  to  the  Jiouse  of  the  boy's  mother,  who  was  a  v/idow, 
seized  and  hung  both  her  and  her  son.  This  man,  Pennick,  disgraces 
the  position  of  Grand  Master  of  the  Masonic  fraternity  in  Missouri. 

Piring  upon  hospitals  where  the  yellow  flag  is  flying,  and  bom- 
barding towns  witiidut  notice,  are  savage  but  common  Yankee 
practices. 

Conduct  so  gratuitously  cruel,  so  horribly  atrocious,  has  never 
l)een  witnessed  in  any  civilized  nation,  even  in  the  most  vindictive 
conflicts  of  civil  war,  since  the  times  of  Puritan  dominationjn  Eng- 
land, or  the  campaign  of  their  worthy  competitor  for  the  prize  of 
( ternal  infamy,  the  Duke  of  Alva,  in  the  Low  Countries.  Even 
the  least  corrupt  of  the  tools  of  Lincoln,  it  appears,  cannot  long 
serve  his  Government,  or  associate  with  his  other  instruments  of 
tyranny  and  violence,  without  contracting  a  large  portion  of  their 
mendacity,  and  much  of  their  natural  baseness  ;  witness  the  follow- 
ing order,  recently  issued  by  Gen.  Rosecrans : 

Retaliatiox. — The  following  (says   the  Rpbel  Banner   of  the 
20th)  is  the  order  of  Gen.  Rosecrans, under  which  the   Confeder- 


94  THE    CONFEDESATE., 

ate  officers  captured  in  the  1)attles  near    Jilurfreesboro'  have  been 
sent  to  Alton,  111.,  to  Le  kept  in  close  confinement :     ' 

HeADQUAE.TERS  DEP/Vr.TMENT  CuMEERJ^AND,  .) 

Murfreysboro',  Jan.  G,  1863.    '  \ 
General  Order  Nor —  The  General  commanding  is  pained  to  in- 
form the  commissioned  offii^ers  of  the  Confederate   army    taken 
prisoners  by  the    forces    nnder  his  command,    tliat,  owing  to  the 
barbarous   measures    announced  by  President  Davis  in  his  recent 
proclamation,  denying  paroles  to  our  ofHcers,  he  will  be  obliged  t(f 
treat  them  in  like   manner.     It  is  a  matter  of  regret  to  him  that  ■ 
the  rigor  appears  to  be  necessary.     He  trusts   that  such   remon- 
strances as  may  be   made  in   the  name  of  justice,  huiifanity,   and 
civilization,  vs-ill  reach    the  Confederate   authorities  as  will  induce 
them  to  pursue  a  different  course,  and  thereby  enable   him  to  ac- 
cord to  their  officers  the  privileges  which  he  is  alv^^ays  pleased  to 
extend  to  brave   men,  even  fighting  for  a  cause  v\diich   he   consid- 
ers hostile  to  our  nation,  and  disastrous  to  human  freedom. 
Bv  command  of  General  Eosecrans. 

■  C.    GODDARD,  A.   A.   A.   G. 

In  this  order  Gen.  Eosecrans,  who  has  hitherto  occupied  a  rather 
more  respectable  place  in  public  opinion  than  the  balance  of  the 
Yankee  officers,  has  degraded  himself  to  their  level.  In  designa- 
ting- the  proposed  measures  announced  in  the  proclamation  of 
President  Davis,  as  "barbarous,"  he  was  guilty  of  deliberate 
falsehood,  for  he  was  fully  aware  that  they  were  in  just  retaliation 
of  the  well  known  murders  and  other  enormities  of  the  "Beast 
Butler-'  in  New  Orleans.  This  is  plainly  and  explicitly  stated  by 
President  Davis  in  his  Proclamation.  This  order  of  Eosecrans 
is  in  fiict,  an  endorsement  and  approval  of  the  course  of  Butler 
in  New  Orleans,  and  justly  makes  its  author  a  participant  in  his 
degradation  and  infamy.  But  the  Government  of  Lincoln  is  not 
to  be  surpassed  in  baseness  even  by  the  basest  and  most  zealous - 
of  its  subjects.  Not  satisfied  with  the  operation  of  their  paper 
blockade,  that  vile  despotism,  in  violation  of  all  the  usages  of 
war,  and  in  a  cruel,  vindictive,  and  inhuman  manner,  perfectly 
•characteristic  of  the  Yankee  race,  have  declared  quinine,  opium, 
and  other  medicines  necessary  for  the  relief  of  suffering,  the  resto- 
ration of  health  and  the  salvation  of  Hfe,  "  contraband  of  war  " ! 
The  Yankee  officers  and  soldiers  make  war  upon  defenceless  men 
and  helpless  women  and  children,  and  the  Yankee  Government 
valiantly  assails  the  sick   and  the  dying !     It  may   be   supposed 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  05 

that  the  Yankee  character  has  now  been  painted  in  strong  colors, 
and  is  complete,  but  such  is  not  the  case  ;  the  portrait  still  needs 
the  finishing  touch.  In  entire  keeping  with  their  invariiible  course  of 
treachery  and  inhumanity,  the  base  Yankees  attempted  to  make  the 
exchange  of  prisoners,  into  which  they  wore  finall^i  compelled,  the 
means  of  dealing  us  another  assassin-like  stab.  Our  soldiers  in 
their  povrer,  who  were  just  about  to  return  to  their  homes,  and  to 
mingle  once  more  with  their  comrades  in  arms,  were  driven,  by 
their  Yankee  guards,  into  the  pest-houses  where  their  patients  had 
died  of  small-pox  !  The  Yankees,  in  their  fiend-like  malignity 
and  constitutional  cowardice,  hoped  by  this  means  to  introduce 
"  that  loathsome  disease  amongst  the  Confederate  soldiers,  and  thus 
to  destroy  by  the  plague  the  gallant  enemies  they  trembled  to  en- 
counter in  the  field.  To  this  last  extreme  of  baseness  no  savage 
tribe,  of  which  I  have  any  knowledge,  has  ever  yet  descended, 
even  in  their  most  barbarous  wars.  This  lowest  depth  of  treachery 
and  villainy  was  reserved  for  the  Yankees.  The  picture  is  now 
complete,  and  the  Yankee  Abolitionist  stands  out  conft>sscd,  and 
in  bold  relief,  the  greatest  moral  monster  of  the  wo^d.  By  this 
last  act  he  has  crowned  all  his  deeds  of  degradation,  and  stands 
alone,  conspicuously  pre-eminent  in  unapproachable  infamy.  The 
Yankees  have  becom.e  converts  to,  and  have  improvjed  upon,  the 
doctrine  of  the  British  Ministry,  which  was  reprobated  by  every 
civilized  nation,  and  so  eloquently  and  emphatically  denounced  by 
the  great  Earl  of  Chatham  :  they  have,  in  this  war,  unscrupulously 
"  used  all  the  means  which  God,  and  nature,  and  Satan,  have  put 
into  their  hands."  Would  not  the  innumerable  atrocities*  com 
mitted,  and  the  persistent  violation  of  all  la\Ys,  human  and  divine, 
by  the  Yankee  fimatics  during  this  war,  fully  justify  the  South  in 
raising  the  black  flag  1  Do  they  not  even  seem  to  require  it  1 
And  this  is  the  people  who  would  have  us  renew  the  Union  with 
them  !  These  are  they  who  dream  of  reconstruction  !  Never, 
never,  never  !  Rather  than  this,  let  us  have  war  forever — "war  to 
the  knife !  "  Rather  than  this,  let  our  last  brave  defender  die  in 
our  last  stronghold,  striking  gallantly  to  the  last  for  a  murdered 
people  and  his  ruined  country.  Rather  than  ever  again  have  any 
further  connection  with  the  abliorred  Yankee,  in  any  way  what- 
ever, political  or  commercial,  moral  or  religious,  it  were  far  better 


OG  .        THE.  CONFEDEKATE., 

to  rc^sort  to  even  a  v/orse  alternative  liiaii  aimihilatioi::,  and  be- 
^;  eome  the  subjects  of  England  or  of  France,  or  even  of  the  nuobt 
-consummate  dcppot  of  the  most  petty  state  in  Europe.  Any  des- 
tiny, any  fate,  is  preferable  to  subjecLion  to,  or  association  v/ith, 
that  abandoned^ race,  whose  abominations  and  atrocities  would  put 
to  shamo  the  bestiality  of  a  Caligula,  or  the  cruelty  of  a  Nero. 
Although  I  have  but  'little  lliith  in  it,  the  indications  of  a  speedy  ■ 
acknowle(%C!nent  of  our  national  independence,  or  intervention, 
by  the  European  powers,  and  the  marked  change  of  opinion  and 
feeling  at  the  North,  threatening  a  civil  conliict  within  the  domains 
of  Lincoln,  furnish  some  grounds  for  anticipating  the  probability 
of  the  conclusion  of  peace  at  no  very  distant  day  ;  and  it  becomes  ^ 
important  to  consider  the  extent,  character  and  ti:'rms,  of  that 
peace  which  the  Confedera-te  Govermnent  may  with  propriety, 
dignity  and  proper  self-respect,  consent  to  ratify.  Here  my  task 
I  is  greatly  diminished,  and  my  purpose  anticipated,  by  Mr.  Foote, 
in  a  series  of  appropriate  and  able  joint  resolutions  offered  by  him 
on  the  13th  of  Januarv  in  the  Con2;ress  of  the  Confederate  States, 
of  the- use  of  which  I  gladly  avail  myself.  The  joint  resolutions 
are  as  follows : 

The  people  of  the  Confederate  States  of  America  having,  in  the 
progress  of  the  pending  w^ar,  most  clearly  demonstrated  their 
ability  to  maintain  by  arms  the  claim  to  separate  independ- 
ence, which  they  have  heretofore  asserted  before  the  world,,  and  be- 
ing inflexibly  resolved  never  to  relinquish  the  struggle  in  which 
they  are  engaged  until  the  great  object  for  v/hich  they  have  been 
contending  shall  have  been  finally  accomplished  ;  in  view  of  the 
flict  that  a  great  political  reaction  in  opj)osition  to  the  bloody  and 
unnatural  war  nov/  in  a  course  of  prosecution,  has  displayed  itself 
in  several  of  the  most  populous  and  influential  States  of  what  was 
once  honorably  known  as  "  the  United  States  of  America" ;  and, 
in  view  of  the  additional  fact  that,  even  amoiig  the  avowed  oppo- 
nents of  despotism  and  the  recognized  friends  of  peace,  in  the 
North,  a  grave  and  deplorable  misapprehension  has  of  late  arisen 
in  regard  to  the  true  condition  of  public  sentiment  in  the  South 
touching  the  question  of  reconstructing  that  political  Union  once 
existing  under  the  protection  of  what  is  known  as  the  Federal 
Constitution.  Now,  in  order  that  no  further  misunderstanding  of 
the  kind  referred  to  may  hereafter  prevail,  and  in  order  that  the 
unchangeable  determination  of  our  Government  and  people,  in 
reference  to  the  terms  upon   which  alone   they  would    bring  the 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  97 

sanguinary  struggle  to  a  close,  may  be  made  known,  the  Congress 
oi^  .he  Confederate  States  of  America  do  resolve  as  follows  : 

'^1.  There  is  no  plan  of  reconstructinf:  what  was  formerly  known 
as  the  federal  Union,  to  which  the  people  of  the  Confederate  States 
will  ever  consent.  Wrongs  too  grievous  and  niultijDlied  have  been 
committed  upon  us  and  upon  our  most  cherished  rights,  by  a  tmited 
North,  since  this  unprovoked  and.most  wicked  war  commenced  ; 
a  majority  of  the  people  of  the  Northern  States  have  too  evidently 
shown  themselves  to  be  utterly  incapable  of  self-government,  and 
unmindful  of  all  the  fundamental  principles  upon  which  alone  re- 
publican institutions  can  be  maintained.  They  have  too  long  sub- 
mitted patiently  to  the  iron  rule  of  the  basest  and  most  degrading 
despotism  that  the  world  has  yet  known ;  for  too  long  a  period  of 
tim§  they  have  openly  and  unblushingly  sympathized  with  the 
lawless  and  ferocious  miscreants  who  have  been  sent  into  the  bosom 
of  the  unofiending  South  to  spill  the  precious  blood  of  our  most 
valued  citizens — to  pollute  and  desecrate  all  that  we  hold  in  espe- 
cial respect  and  veneration — to  rob  us  of  our  property — to  expel 
us  from  our  homes,  and  wantonly  to  devastate  our  country — to 
allow  even  of  the  possibility  of  our  ever  again  consenting  to  hold 
the  least  political  connection  with  those  who  have  so  cruelly  out- 
raged our  sensibilities  and  so  profoundly  dishonored  themselves, 
and  in  association  with  whom  we  feel  that  we  could  not  expect 
that  freedom  which  we  love,  that  self-respect  which  we  are  deter- 
mined ever  to  cultivate,  and  the  esteem  and  sympathy  of  civilized 
and  Christian  nations. 

2.  Whilst  the  Confederate  States  of  America  are  not  at  all  re- 
sponsible for  the  existing  war,  and  have  been,  at  all  times,  ready 
to  participate  in  such  arrangements  as  would  be  best  suited  to 
bring  it  to  A  close,  in  a  manner  consistent  with  their  own  safety 
and  honor,  they  could  not.  yield  their  consent  to  an  armistice  of  a 
single  day  or  hour,  so  long  as  the  incendiary  proclamation  of  the 
atrocious  monster  now  bearing  rule  in  Washington  City  shall 
remain  unrevoked  ;  nor  could  the  Government  of  said  Confeder- 
ate States  agree  to  negotiate  at  all  in  regard  to  a  suspension  of 
hostilities*  except  ttpon  the  basis  of  a  formal  and  unconditional 
recognition  of  their  independence. 

3.  Whenever  the  friends  of  peace  in  the  North  shall  grow 
strong  enough  to  constrain  Abraham  Lincoln  and  his  flagitious 
Cabinet  to  withdraw  said  proclamation,  and  propose  an  armistice 
upon  the  basis  aforesaid,  the  Government  of  the  Confederate 
States  will  be  ready  to  accede  to  said  proposition  of  armistice, 
with  a  view  to  the  settlement  of  all  existing  difficulties. 

4.  Should  peace  be  at  any  time  brought  about,  the  Confederate 
States  of  America  would  freely  consent  to  the  formation  of  a  just 
Jiiid  mutually  advantageous  commercial  treaty  with  all  the  States 


98  THE  CONFEDERATE. 

now  constituting  the  United  States,  except  Neio  England — with 
whose  people,  and  in  whose  ignoble  love  of  gold,  and  brutif^"-^<g 
fanaticism,  this  disgraceful  war  has  mainly  originated — in  consl^l- 
eration  of  which  facts  the  people  of  the  Confederate  States  of 
America  are  firmly  and  deliberately  resolved  to  have  no  inter- 
course whatever  hereafter,  either  direct  or  indirect,  political,  com- 
mercial or  social,  under  any  circumstances  which  could  be  possibly 
imagined  to  exist,  with  said  States  of  New  England  or  the  people 
therein  resident. 

5.  Tile  Government  of  the  Confederate  States,  in  consideration 
of  the  change  in  public  sentiment  which  has  occurred  in  several  of  the 
Northern  States,  wherein  political  elections  have  been  recently  held 
—sympathizing  most  kindly  with  those  by  whose  manly  exertions 
that  change  has  been  brought  about — would  be  willing  to  conclude 
a  just  and  honorable  peace  with  any  one  or  more  of  said  States 
who  (renouncing  all  political  connection  with  New  England)  may 
be  found  willing  to  stipulate  for  desisting  at  once  from  the  further 
prosecution  of  the  war  against  the  South ;  and,  in  such  case,  the 
Government  of  the  Confederate  States  would  be  willing  to  enter 
into  a  league,  offensive  and  defensive,  with  the  States  thus  desist- 
ing, of  a  permanent  and  enduring  character. 

6.  The  Government  of  the  Confederate  States  is  now  willing,  as 
it  has  heretofore  repeatedly  avowed  itself  to  be,  whenever  the 
States  bordering  upon  the  Mississippi  river,  or  any  of  them,  shall 
have  declared  their  inclination  to  withdraw  from  the  further  pros- 
ecution of  the  war  upon  the  South,  (which,  could  it  be  successful, 
would  only  have  the  effect  of  destroying  their  own  best  market,) 
to  guarantee  to  them,  in  the  most  effectual  and  satisfactory  man-' 
ner,  the  peaceful  and  uninterrupted  navigation  of  the  said  Missis- 
sippi river  and  its  tributaries,  and  to  open  to  them  at  once  the 
markets  of  the  South,  greatly  enhanced  ^  in  value  to  them  as  they 
would  be  by  the  permanent  exclusion  of  all  articles  of  New  Eng- 
land growth  or  manufacture. 

7.  The  course  of  practical  neutrality  in  regard  to  the  pending 
war  heretofore  pursued  by  the  States  and  Territories  west  of  the 
Rocky  Mountains,  has  afforded  the  highest  gratification  to  the 
people  of  the  Confederate  States  of  America  ;  and  it  is  hoped  that 
the  day  is  not  far  distant  when  said  States  and  Territories,  con- 
sulting their  own  obvious  safety  and  future  welfare,  will  withdraw 
from  all  political  connection  with  a  Government  which  has,  here- 
tofore, been  a  source  of  continual  oppression  to  them ;  and  when 
said  States  and  Territories,  asserting  their  separate  independence, 
shall  appropriate  to  themselves  the  manifold  advantages  sure  t© 
result  from  such  a  movement — among  which  may  be  reckoned, 
1st.  Relief  from  grievous  and  exhausting  tariff  regulations,  now 
being  rigidly  enforced.     2d.  Relief  from  all  the  discredit  result- 


THE  CONFEDERATE.  99 

jng  inevitably  from  the  prosecntioii  of  the  present  unjust  and  un- 
authorized war.  od.  Relief  from  the  pressure  of  a  despotism- the 
most. heartless  and  atrocious  ever  yet  established.  4th.  Relief 
from  the  crushino;  weigllt  of  taxation  unavoidably  growing  out  of 
the  war.  5th.  The  exclusive  use  and  cnjoyinent  of  all  the  rich 
mineral  lands  stretching  along  the  slope  of  the  Pacific.  0th.  Free 
trade  with  all  the  nations  of  the  earth,  and  a  future  maritime 
growth  and  power  that  has  no  parallel ;  and  lastly,  a  monopoly  of 
the  trade  of  the  Pacific  Ocean. 

These  joint  resolutions,  with  some  alterations  and  additions,  will 
embody  all  those  essential  rules  and  principles  which,  in  ray  opin- 
ion, are  absolutely  necessary  for  the  governance  of  the  South  in 
the  conclusion  of  2^eace.  The  entire  exclusion  of  New  England 
is  absolutely  indispensable,  but  upon  this  point  I^hall  have  a  few 
words  to  add  at  the  end  of  this  number. 

The  integrity  of  the  territory  of  the  States  of  the  Confederacy 
must  be  preserved  entire  and  perfect.     Further,  Maryland,  should 
she  desire  it  when  released  from  her  present  thraldom,  must  be 
allowed  to  become  one  of  the  Confederate   States.     We   should 
rejoice  to  own,  as  part  of  our  country  her  fair  territory  intact,  and 
her  magnificent  Bay,  if  such  be  her  real   wish ;    but  if  she  shall 
prefer   submission  to  Northern  despotism  to  freedom    and  honor 
with  the  South,  we  can  very  well  do  without  her,   and  God  forbid 
that  we  should   use  any  efforts  to  influence,  far  less  to  sway  her 
decision  !     Notwithstanding  the  expressed  opinion  of  Lincoln  that 
there  is  no  line  for  a  division  of  the  country,  we  can   find  one,  I 
believe,  running  with  the   Northern   boundary  of  Maryland  and 
Virginia,  the  Ohio  river,  and  the  north  line  of  Missouri,  and  thence 
west  indefinitely.     To  admit  any  free  State,  or  a  State  partly  free, 
into  our  Confederacy,  would  be  suicidal.     While  perfectly  willing 
to  live  in  entire  harmony,  and  to  conclude  equitable  treaties  with 
the  Northern  States,  we  must  be  especially  on  our  guard   against 
all  "  entangling  alliances"  with  them.     Let  them  enjoy  the  free 
navigation  of  the  Mississippi   river,  in    its  whole  extent,  and  the 
immense  advantages  of  our  markets,  if  they  will  first  do  us  jus- 
tice, not  only  by  ceasing  to  make  war  upon  us,  but  by  the  repeal 
of  all  their  "  personal  liberty  bills,"   and  all  other  acts  of  legisla- 
tion hostile  to  the  South,  and  guaranteeing  to  us,  so  far  as  rests  with 
them,  the  security  of  our  slave  property.     Let  the  owners  of  run- 


100  THE  CONFEDEBATE. 

away  slaves  be  well  assured  that  they  shall  have  every  proper 
facility  *  for,  and  assistance  in,  the  capture  of  their  absconding 
property,  both  by  the  people  and  the  laws  of  each  of  the  North- 
ern and  Western  States  with  which  we  may  establish  friendly 
relations  ;  and  if  the  slave  cannot  be  i^imd  and  recovered,  let  the 
State  into  which  he  first  escaped  be  required,  as  in  justice  it  should 
be,  to  indemnify  the  ov/ner  for  his  loss.  These  same  States  should, 
at  the  same  time,  agree  to  introduce  into  the  South  no  article  of 
New  England's  manuficture  or  production,  nor  any  kind  of  mer- 
chandise which  has  ever  been,  even  for  an  hour,  in  one  of  her  ports. 
This  obligation  should  extend  to  and  cover  all  the  property  of  New 
Englanders,  no  matter  where  they  are  located,  nor  where  they 
may  have  established  branches  of  their  Yankee  houses. 

All  books,  periodicals,  newspapers,  and  printed  matter  of  every 
description,  the  production  of  Yankee  presses,  or  with  which  any 
Yankee,  no  matter  where,  has  had  anything  to  do  whatever,  either 
as  writer,  publisher  or  vendor,  should  be  as  strictly  excluded  from 
the  whole  territory  of  the  Confederacy  as  we  would  exclude  "plague, 
pestilence  and  famine."  When  the  Western  States  will  promptly 
and  cheerfully  aid  us  in  carrying  out  these  objects,  demanded  by 
our  self-respect  and  our  security  alike,  then,  and  not  till  then,  let 
them  enjoy  all  the  pleasure  and  the  profit  of  friendly  commercial 
intercourse  with  the  Confederacy. 

Towards  the  fanatics  of  New  England  our  course  sh'ould,  in  my 
view,  be  entirely  different.  As  said  the  English,  after  the  destruc- 
tion of  the  Armada,  "  war  ever,  with  the  Spaniards,"  so  say  I, 
"war  ever,  with  the  Yankees  !  "  No  peace,  no  truce,  no  armis- 
tice, but  open  unsparing  war,  until  these  pests  of  society  and  bane 
of  the  whole  human  family,  disabled,  crushed,  paralyzed,  impotent 
for  evil,  are  wholly  confined  to  their  own  barren  hills,  and  within 
their  own  rock-bound  coast.  Eor  my  own  part  I  would  willingly 
see  them,  in  the  language  of  their  pet  Butler,  "  exterminated," 
but  this,  I  am  well  aware,  is  impracticable.  The  leviathan  of  the 
sea,  the  behemoth  of  the  land,  the  king  of  the  forest,  may,  but 
worthless  vermin  never  can,  be  exterminated.  When  their  an- 
noyance becomes  intolerable,  they  are  destroyed  by  thousands; 
still  thousands  escape  to  their  holes  and  their  hiding  places,  and 
notwithstanding  their  noxious  and  noisome  character,  are  secure 


THE   CONFEDERATE.  101 

in  their  insignificance.  They  are  thenceforth  but  little  heeded,  and 
are  regarded  with  conteiuptuous  dislike,  or  scornful  indillerencc. 
In  that  position  I  might  ceaste  to  abhor  them,  but  now  my  hatred 
is  as  deep  and  enduring  as  that  of  Hannibal  for  Rome.  I  would 
confiscate  their  property  on  land  and  ravage  their  commerce  upon 
the  sea.  Even  w^erc  their  ships  wrecked  upon  our  coasts,  their 
crews  should  bo  imprisoned  and  fined,  in  retaliation  for  their  law.s 
to  fine  and  imprison  the  master  who,  in  pursuit  of  his  slave,  en- 
tered their  land  of  bigotry  and  misrule.  We  cannot  consider 
them  "  as  we  do  the  rest  of  mankind,  enemies  in  war — in  peace 
friends,"  but  must  look  upon  them  at  all  times  as  foes — in  war 
avowed,  in  peace  secret,  but  bitter  enemies.  I  would  strip  them 
of  their  property  until  they  had  fully  indemnified  us  for  the  slaves 
they  have  stolen,  and  paid  for  their  luxury  of  the  "  underground 
railroad." 

To  recompense  all  the  evils  ;  to  repay  all  the  millions  of  which 
they  have  plundered  us  is,  I  know,  impossible.  Even  if  their 
whole  barren  country  were  brought  to  the  hammer,  and  we  were 
to  blacken  their  bodies  and  sell  them  to  the  planter,  as  they  have, 
themselves,  blackened  their  souls  and  sold  them  to  Satan,  the 
whole  amount  would  scarcely  be  a  tithe  of  the  immense  debt  con- 
tracted by  ther  villainy.  They  are  the  people,  and  the  only  one 
pretending  to  be  civilized,  who  realize  Burke's  description  in  his 
vivid  picture  of  the  character  of  the  Hindoo  idolaters  who  inhab- 
ited the  Carnatic — "  a  people  who  would  either  sign  no  conven- 
tion, or  whom  no  covenant  and  no  obligation  could  bind." 

We  cannot  safely  enter  into  any  treaty  with  them,  even  if  we 
would,  for  they  have  violated  every  obligation,  and  trampled  upon 
every  sanction  ;  and  like  perjured  men,  have  no  security  to  a)fier 
for  the  faithful  performance  of  their  stipulations.  Here,  from 
their  own  follies  and  vices,  all  their  boasted  ingenuity  fails  them 
in  morals  and  diplomacy,  as  it  will  again  ere  long,  in  what  they 
regard  as  of  vastly  more  importance,  temporal  prosperity  and 
the  acquisition  of  money.  The  markets  of  the  South  are  already 
closed  against  them  forever  ;  those  of  the  W^est  soon  wdl  be,  and 
in  those  of  the  rest  of  the  w^orld  they  confess  ther  inability  to  com- 
pete with  their  European  I'ivals.  The  time  of  a  just  but  terrible 
retribution  draws  rapidly  nigh,  when,  unable  longer  to^ell  thei^" 


Ivl2  THE   CONFEDERATE. 

inferior  goods  in  any  market  in  the  world,  their  warehouses  will 
be  closed,  their  manufactories  will  fall  down  piecemeal,  their  ships 
rot  idle  in  port,  and  the  Yankees  will  be  reduced  to  that  poverty 
they  so  much  dread,  and  which  they  have  committed  so  many 
frauds,  vices  and  crimes  to  avoid.  May  none  of  them  ever  be 
naturalized,  or  even  permitted  to  settle  down,  upon  any  terms, 
in  the  South.  Let  these  bigoted,  fanatical,  mischief-making, 
would-be  enlighteners,  instructors,  exemplars,  and  reformers  of 
the  moral,  political  and  religious  world,  be  branded,  like  Cain,  for 
their  crimes,  and  held  up  to  the  lasting  scorn  and  derision  of  the 
woi^ld.  More  intolerant  than  the  Mussulman,  their  war-cry  has 
ever  been,  "  Puritanism  and  tribute,  or  the  sword ! "  and  outraged 
humanity  will  make  their  infamy  immortal ! 

They  will  be  recorded  in  history,  and  remembered  by  posterity, 
as  the  Ishmaelites  of  Europe,  the  Bedouins  of  civilization,  the 
Pharisees  of  Christendom,  the  disgrace  of  mankind,  the  dishonor 
of  the  Christian  faith,  the  bane  of  morality — hostis  Jmmafii  gen- 
eris— the  curse  of  society,  and  the  enemies  of  the  human  race. 

H. 


■'"^^'Iiiiiiiiiiiliilliilli 


ii 


,       '■'''■    ■■:^'  '- 

{,  ';'■  r''  Ay 

Ii! 

''■■'■:    ''■•■''.' 

:^''v':';|:'''':'!|ii:':':i; 

mjpM 

